家鸡单核细胞趋化因子MCP-1克隆、融合表达及序列分析

本研究从鸡cDNA文库中,通过菌落PCR筛选获得单核细胞趋化激活因子(MCP-1)基因的cDNA,将该cDNA中的ORF插入到pET-28a( )质粒(携带T7/lac启动子序列和His-Tag标签序列)中,得到pET-mcp-1质粒;重组质粒转化E.coliBL21(DE3)后,经IPTG诱导表达得到MCP-1和His-Tag的融合蛋白(HisTag-MCP-1)。该基因不仅具有CC趋化因子家族Cys-Cys氨基酸模序,并且与结构和功能相关的氨基酸高度保守。     

Investigation of Organic Solar Cells Based onDonor——A ccepter Heterojunction

The single-l ayer structure and heterojunction structure organic solar cells based on copper phthalocyanine (CuPc),3,4,9,10-Perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) and fullerene C60 were fabricated to study their photovoltaic (PV) properties. The PV performance of heterojunction structure solar cells was improved compared with the single layer structure cell.This is due to the introduction of donor-acceptor heterojunction that both expands the absorption range and offers efficient excit on dissociation site.In heterojunction structure solar cells,the PV performance of device with C60 as acceptor has highly improved because C60 has longer diffusion length o f excitons.     

Involvement of NADPH oxidase NtrbohD in the rapid production of H2O2 induced by ABA in cultured tobacco cell line BY-2

The mechanisms for the production of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) induced by abscisic acid (ABA) were investigated in suspension culture cells of tobacco BY-2 cells. The results showed that the immediate generation of H₂O₂, which was mainly derived from superoxide dismutase-catalyzed dismutation of superoxide radical, was significantly induced by ABA. Furthermore, treatment of the cultured tobacco cells with ABA resulted in a time-dependent quick increase in plasma membrane (PM) NADPH oxidase activity, which coincided on time and magnitude with the elevation in ABA-induced accumulation of H₂O₂. Moreover, these enhanced effects were pronouncedly inhibited by two NADPH oxidase inhibitor, diphenylene iodonium and imidazole, suggesting that PM NADPH oxidase is involved in the rapid accumulation of ₂O₂ in cultured tobacco cells. In addition, analysis of the expression level of NtrbohD, a PM NADPH oxidase gene in tobacco, by RT-PCR and protein gel blot revealed that the gene at both mRNA and protein levels was upregulated by ABA, indicating that NtrbohD participates in the ABA-stimulated rapid production of H₂O₂ in tobacco culture cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that ABA induces the rapid accumulation of reactive oxygen species via NADPH oxidase in suspension culture cells of tobacco, and that NADPH oxidase and H₂O₂ appear to be important components in ABA signal transduction pathway in plants.     

IBCIS: intelligent blood cell identification system

The analysis of blood cells in microscope images can provide useful information concerning the health of patients. There are three major blood cell types, namely, erythrocytes （red）, leukocytes （white）, and platelets. Manual classification is time consuming and suscep- tible to error due to the different morphological features of the cells. This paper presents an intelligent system that simulates a human visual inspection and classification of the three blood cell types, The proposed system comprises two phases： The image preprocessing phase where blood cell features are extracted via global pattern averaging, and the neural network arbitration phase where training is the first and then classification is carried out. Experimental results suggest that the proposed method performs well in identifying blood cell types regardless of their irregular shapes, sizes and orientation, thus providing a fast, simple and efficient rotational and scale invariant blood cell identification system which can be used in automating laboratory reporting.     

一类具有饱和感染率的病毒动力学模型的全局稳定性

研究了一类HIV感染的病毒动力学模型,得到了病毒消除与否的阀值--基本再生数R0,证明了病毒消除平衡点和疾病平衡点的存在性及全局渐近稳定性.     

藏药材藏紫草的组织培养

文章以藏紫草茎尖作为实验材料,利用植物组织培养技术建立再生系统。实验结果表明,藏紫草茎尖组织培养不同培养阶段的适宜培养基分别为:分化培养基MS+6BA0.5-1.0mg/L+IBA0.5mg/L;继代培养基以MS+6BA0.5-1.0mg/L+IBA0.5mg/L和MS0培养基交替使用效果最佳;生根培养基1/4MS+NAA0.5mg/L;PH5.8-6.5较适合,影响试管苗移栽成活率的主要因素是水分。     

The regulation of embryonic patterning and DNA replication by geminin

Geminin is a multifunctional protein. After DNA replication is initiated during a cell cycle, geminin binds to Cdt1, one of the key DNA replication licensing factors. This highly regulated interaction sequestrates Cdt1, thus preventing DNA rereplication in the same cell cycle. In addition, geminin directly interacts with Six3 and Hox homeodomain proteins during embryogenesis and inhibits their functions. The regulation of Hox function by geminin also involves a transient association with the Hox repressive Polycomb complex. The functions of geminin to obstruct key molecules of both cell proliferation and embryonic development suggest a competitive coordination of these two processes.Received 10 December 2004; received after revision 27 January 2005; accepted March 2005     

Mucosal effector memory T cells: the other side of the coin

Immunological memory allows for rapid and effective protective immunity to previously encountered pathogens. New insights in understanding specific memory differentiation and function have now indicated that in addition to providing enhanced immunity, an important purpose of immunological memory is to provide immediate protection at all sites of the body, including non-lymphoid tissues. Effector memory CD8 T cells have the capacity to reside long-term at epithelial surfaces, where they allow for rapid containment of the invading pathogens at the local entry site and prevent systemic spreading and excessive immune responses. The accumulation of tissue-specific memory T cell subsets, together with cross-reactivity of these antigen-experienced T cells even to unrelated pathogens, provides flexibility and expansion of their specificity repertoire that over time greatly surpasses that of the declining na?ve T cell populations. This review will discuss new insights into T cell memory. We will focus in particular on the generation and function of effector memory CD8 T cells at the intestinal mucosa, which represents one of the largest entry sites for pathogens.     

The Lac repressor provides a reversible gene expression system in undifferentiated and differentiated embryonic stem cell

Control of mammalian gene promoters by the bacterial LacI repressor provides reversible regulation and dose-response levels of derepressed expression by the lactose analog isopropyl thiogalactose (IPTG). Here, we show that insertion of LacI-binding sites in the ubiquitous β-actin promoter confers a strong and dose-dependent IPTG-regulatable expression of transiently transfected reporter genes in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells expressing LacI. We established ES cell lines stably expressing reporter genes under inducible control and found a five- to tenfold IPTG induction of transgene expression. The kinetics of induction is rapid and stable, and can be rapidly reversed after IPTG removal. Importantly, this regulatable expression was maintained throughout the differentiation process of ES cells, and observed in individual differentiated cardiomyocyte-like cells and neuronal-like cells. This reversible system is the first to function from undifferentiated to individual welldifferentiated ES cells, providing a very useful tool to understand molecular mechanisms underlying ES cell self-renewal, commitment and differentiation.Received 17 March 2005; received after revision 19 April 2005; accepted 25 April 2005     

Endocytosis mechanism of P2Y2 nucleotide receptor tagged with green fluorescent protein: clathrin and actin cytoskeleton dependence

Extracellular nucleotides exert a large number of physiological effects through activation of P2Y receptors. We expressed rat P2Y₂ (rP2Y₂) receptor, tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP) in HEK-293 cells and visualized receptor translocation in live cells by confocal microscopy. Functional receptor expression was confirmed by determining [Ca²⁺]_i responses. Agonist stimulation caused a time-dependent translocation of the receptor from the plasma membrane to the cytoplasm. Rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton was observed during agonist-mediated rP2Y₂-GFP receptor internalization. Colocalization of the internalized receptor with early endosomes, clathrin and lysosomes was detected by confocal microscopy. The inhibition of receptor endocytosis by either high-density medium or chlorpromazine in the presence of UTP indicates that the receptor was internalized by the clathrin-mediated pathway. The caveolin- mediated pathway was not involved. Targeting of the receptor from endosomes to lysosomes seems to involve the proteasome pathway, because proteasomal inhibition increased receptor recycling back to the plasma membrane.Received 8 February 2005; received after revision 18 March 2005; accepted 11 April 2005