促渗剂LSAA对土壤化学性质的影响研究

近年来,由地表径流引起的面源污染问题正日益凸现,通过向地表土壤施加高分子促渗剂,可以减少径流产生量,削减下游面源污染负荷.本实验研究了利用木质素合成的新型降雨促渗剂(简称LSAA)对土壤化学性质的影响,结果表明添加LSAA可以使供试土壤pH值和碳酸钙含量下降,土壤的阳离子交换量提高30.88%-100.05%,土壤的有机碳含量由0.28%提升到0.47%.     

Skin collagen fiber-based radar absorbing materials

By using skin collagen fiber (CF) as raw material,Schiff base structure containing CF (Sa-CF) was synthesized through CF-salicylaldehyde reaction.Then a novel radar absorbing material (Fe-Sa-CF) was prepared by chelating reaction between Sa-CF and Fe 3+.The coaxial transmission and reflection method was used to analyze the complex permittivity and complex magnetic permeability of these CF-based materials,and the radar cross section (RCS) method was used to investigate their radar absorbing properties in the frequency range of 1.0-18.0 GHz.Experimental results indicated that the conductivity of CF increased from initial 1.08×10-11 to 2.86×10-6 S/cm after being transferred into Fe-Sa-CF,and its dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) in the frequency range of 1.0-17.0 GHz also increased.These facts suggest that the Fe-Sa-CF is electric-loss type radar absorbing material.In the frequency range of 3.0-18.0 GHz,Sa-CF (1.0 mm in thickness) exhibited somewhat radar absorbing property with maximum radar reflection loss (RL) of-4.73 dB.As for Fe-Sa-CF,the absorbing bandwidth was broadened,and the absorbing intensity significantly increased in the frequency range of 1.0-18.0 GHz where a maximum radar RL of-9.23 dB was observed.In addition,the radar absorbing intensity of Fe-Sa-CF can be further improved by increasing membrane thickness.When the thickness reached to 2.0 mm,the RL values of Fe-Sa-CF were-15.0-18.0 dB in the frequency range of 7.0-18.0 GHz.Consequently,a kind of novel radar absorbing material can be prepared by chemical modification of collagen fiber,which is characterized by thin thickness,low density,broad absorption bandwidth and high absorption intensity.     

土壤润湿性反转剂的吸附作用及扩散性研究

本研究作为一个系统的研究方法,给灌浆工程提供了一套科学的技术手段,先研究表面活性剂的吸附规律、粘性特征、扩散行为,最终归结为一个数学模型,以此模型预测表面活性剂在土层中的分布和变化规律.     

滴定量热中的动力学分析

分析了一级化学反应在滴定量热中的数学方程，并对热谱进行了解析．对相应的反应体系，可直接从热谱上求出其反应速率常数．     

化学刺激引起相邻丽藻细胞的重复兴奋发放

给一丽藻细胞以化学刺激,经过一段延时,发现与之相邻的细胞的膜电位出现了自持重复兴奋发放.这一现象,可能是阳离子通过细胞节的扩散而引起的.     

关于一级复合反应动力学方程组的简捷解法

本文利用待系数的方法,给出了一级复合反应的微分方程组的求解公式。利用此公式,其计算需用到矩阵与向量的乘积运算,这极大地简化了求解过程,     

化学中的自组织反应及其应用前景

简要介绍了化学振荡反应研究的重要史实 ,并用耗散结构论的基本论点 ,分析了化学振荡产生的必要条件 ,在此基础上进一步阐明了振荡反应的实质     

固定床反应器流向振荡操作的模拟算法——改进变步长差分法

提出了改进的变步长差分法,用于求解固定床反应器作周期性流向切换操作时的温度分布和浓度分布。该方法能根据分布曲线的形状合理分布网格点,并在曲线迁移时自动调整格点分布,从而使格点数显著减少,计算时间大幅度下降。本方法用抛物线分段近似偏微分方程,使之成为三对角矩阵,简化了计算,便于求解。用SO_2氧化反应实验对算法作了验证。     

液晶化合物的质谱研究：Ⅰ.手性苯基吡啶,苯基嘧啶类液晶

对手性苯基吡啶、苯基嘧啶类液晶共十九个化合物进行了电子轰击质谱和化学电离质谱测定，讨论了它们的质谱特征和裂解机理。