高校化学实验室通风系统研究

针对高校化学实验室的特点,提出化学实验室通风系统、自动控制系统、BENTAX净化系统设计方案。通过对设计方案的研究,为类似工程实践提供可参考的思路和方法。     

阳离子醚化剂3-氯-2-羟丙基三乙基氯化铵的合成研究

采用环氧氯丙烷、36%的盐酸、三乙胺为原料水法合成3-氯-2-羟丙基三乙基氯化铵(CTA).结合其反应原理,研究了反应温度、搅拌时间、反应液pH值、环氧氯丙烷与三乙胺盐酸盐的摩尔用量比对产物收率的影响.得出3-氯-2-羟丙基三乙基氯化铵的最佳合成条件为:冷水浴条件下合成三乙胺盐酸盐,总反应时间保证在2.5-5h.环氧氯丙烷和三乙胺盐酸盐的摩尔比为0.95∶1,保证反应体系pH=7~8,搅拌时间在16h左右,温度不超过55℃.     

亚微米Fe包Co空心微球的制备

研究了一种制备Fe包Co空心微球的新方法.以纳米铁粒子为模板,水合肼为还原剂,通过化学镀制备出具有核-壳结构的Co包Fe纳米粒子,用HCl溶去Fe核制备出空心Co微球,以空心Co微球为模板,NaBH4为还原剂,通过化学镀Fe制备了亚微米Fe包Co的空心微球.研究发现,在化学镀Fe过程中,Fe包Co空心微球之间极易形成硬黏结,通过降低反应物浓度和反应温度,增大反应液pH值抑制镀液中Fe粒子的独立形核,则可明显防止Fe包Co空心微球之间硬黏结的发生.     

惠民南部地区油水物化性质与油气运移方向和模式

油水物化性质变化可以从古水文演化角度反应油气运移方向.本文以惠民凹陷南部地区沙河街组三段为例,利用原油密度、黏度、地层水矿化度、水型及离子组合参数变化特征,研究油气运移规律.平面上,研究区原油密度、黏度整体具有西北高、东南低的分布规律,局部具有一低四高的分布特征,反映出原油密度、黏度随运移距离的增加而增大;地层水矿化度具有以夏口断裂为中心,向南北两侧逐渐变小的分布特征,矿化度高值区的分布与夏口断层油气运移聚集有关;地层水水型和离子组合参数变化特征表明沿夏口断裂带具有两个油气聚集区,分别为双丰、江家店-瓦屋鼻状构造.通过对油气运聚关系的分析,以油气源、输导因素为基础,沿油气主要运移方向,建立了研究区近源侧向砂体输导、近源混向反Z型输导、远源混向阶梯状输导、远源混向多级反Z型输导4种油气运移模式.     

Improved acetone sensing properties of flat sensors based on Co-SnO2 composite nanofibers

Co-SnO2 composite nanofibers were synthesized by an electrospinning method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Gas sensors were fabricated by spinning these nanofibers onto flat ceramic substrates, which had signal electrodes and heaters on their top and bottom surfaces, respectively. Compared with sensors loaded with pure SnO2 nanofibers, the Co-SnO2 nanofiber sensors exhibited improved acetone sensing properties with high selectivity and rapid response and recovery times. The response was 33 when the sensors were exposed to 100 μL/L acetone at 330°C, and the corresponding response with 100 μL/L of ethanol was only 6. The response and recovery times to acetone were about 5 and 8 s, respectively. These results indicate Co-SnO2 composite nanofibers are good candidates for fabrication of high performance acetone sensors for practical application.     

Evolution of the East Asian monsoon and its response to uplift of the Tibetan Plateau since 1.8 Ma recorded by major elements in sediments of the South China Sea

Evolution of the East Asian monsoon and its response to uplift of the Tibetan Plateau has been investigated in the study of global change. Core sediment samples drilled in the South China Sea during ODP Leg184 are the best materials for studying long-term variability of the East Asian monsoon. R-mode factor analysis of major elements in the fine grain-sized carbonate-free sediments (<4 μm) of the upper 185 mcd splice of ODP Site 1146 drilled during Leg184 in the South China Sea shows that Ti, TFe2O3, MgO, K2O, P, CaO, and Al2O3 are representative of a terrestrial factor. The variation in the terrestrial factor score is subject to chemical erosion in the source region and thus indicates the evolution of the East Asian summer monsoon. The terrestrial factor score has three stepwise decreases at ~1.3 Ma, ~0.9 Ma, and ~0.6 Ma, indicating the phased weakening of the East Asian summer monsoon is related to wholly stepwise, quick uplifts of the Tibetan Plateau since 1.8 Ma. The periodic fluctuation of the terrestrial factor score since ~0.6 Ma indicates that the glacial-interglacial cycles have been the main force driving the evolution of the East Asian monsoon. As in the case of Chinese loess, the long-term evolution of the East Asian monsoon recorded in sediments of the South China Sea reflects a coupled effect of the glacial-interglacial cycle and uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.     

化学沉积法制备用于印制电子的超细银粉

采用液相化学沉积法,以硝酸银为原料,水合肼为还原剂,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为分散剂,在室温下将硝酸银溶液滴加到还原性溶液中得到银颗粒的悬浮液,并经微孔滤膜过滤后制得用于印制电子业的超细银粉.用TEM、XRD与粒径分析等手段对产物的粒径与性状进行了表征,并进一步研究了PVP与硝酸银浓度对银粉粒度及产率的影响.这种制备工艺避免了传统机械研磨工艺中银粉纯度低、技术指标不一致的缺点,具有较好的应用前景.     

制备特定尺寸的纳米金颗粒方法及性能表征

通过化学还原法制备出不同粒径的纳米金颗粒。利用紫外可见分光光度计和透射电子显微镜对纳米金颗粒的形貌及尺寸进行表征。讨论了还原剂种类、还原剂用量、试剂加入顺序、反应温度等因素对纳米金颗粒稳定性、粒径、形貌和分散性的影响。结果表明：Na3C6H5O7为还原剂制得纳米金颗粒粒径在15-20 nm之间,NaBH4为还原剂制得的...     

一种支持互联网上跨域流程编排的服务访问代理方法

面向服务架构(service oriented architecture,SOA)适用于分布式企业信息系统的跨域集成方案,但其现行的实现方法很难同时较好地实现系统的高度安全性和服务流程编排的松耦合性。为此提出了一种服务访问代理方法,基于SOA建立了一套服务访问代理系统(service access agentsystem,SAAS),对分布式企业服务总线上的服务资源进行共享管理和访问控制。该方法能够有效保障互联网上跨域集成的安全性,并在此基础上显著改善流程编排的敏捷性和可维护性。在某集团型企业信息化建设中,本方法显示了良好的应用价值。     

大麻药化学成分研究

 研究大麻药Dolichos falcata Klein的化学成分.大麻药用70%酒精进行提取,然后采用反复硅胶柱色谱法进行分离,根据理化性质和波谱分析数据解析化合物结构.从大麻药中分离得到7个化合物,分别为stig-mast-7,22-dien-3β-ol(Ⅰ),stigmast-7,24-dien-3β-ol-3-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅱ),大麻药苷A(Ⅲ),十六碳酸(Ⅳ),二十五碳酸(Ⅴ),尿囊素(Ⅵ)及β-胡萝卜苷(Ⅶ).化合物Ⅰ～Ⅱ,Ⅳ～Ⅵ为首次从该属植物中分离得到.