外科手术治疗HICH80例疗效分析

目的 总结外科手术治疗高血压脑出血的经验,探讨高血压脑出血患者的手术时机、手术方式、手术适应证及术后处理.方法 回顾性分析2008年3月-2010年6月收治的80例高血压脑出血患者经手术治疗的临床资料.结果 80例患者按GOS评价,植物生存1例,重残6例,中残21例,良好50例,死亡2例.结论 对高血压脑出血患者的外科...     

双(7)他克林对大鼠海马缺血性损伤的保护作用

目的:研究双(7)他克林对大鼠缺血性脑损伤中海马神经元损伤的作用.方法:永久性结扎大鼠双侧颈总动脉建立老年性痴呆模型,手术动物随机分成2组,手术7 d后分别给以双(7)他克林和生理盐水灌胃,给药7d后灌注固定处死动物,取海马组织,常规脱水包埋,连续切片.分别进行常规HE染色、凋亡检测、PCNA及GFAP免疫组织化学染色...     

外伤性侧裂区域脑挫裂伤54例临床分析

目的:总结临床治疗经验,认识外伤性侧裂区域脑挫裂伤患者的特殊性.方法:回顾分析54例外伤性外侧裂区域脑挫裂伤患者的发病机理、临床表现以及临床治疗.结果:手术治疗29例,死亡7例,有2例患者呈植物人状态生存.保守治疗25例,死亡4例.结论:外伤性侧裂区域脑挫裂伤患者病情发展较快,及时正确的处理可提高患者生存率.     

全模型迭代重建技术在头颈部CTA中的应用

目的 探讨全模型迭代重建技术(Iterative Model Reconstruction,IMR)在低管电压、低管电流、低造影剂总量与低流速条件下在256层螺旋CT头颈部血管成像(CTA)中的可行性,并评估其对图像质量以及辐射剂量的影响。 方法 将50例行头颈部CTA检查的患者,随机分为对正常剂量和低剂量组,每组各25例。对照组选择120kV、约220mAs 、45ml对比剂、流速4.5ml/s,低剂量组选择80kV、约155mAs、40ml对比剂、流速4.0ml/s,其余扫描条件保持一致。对照组使用滤波反投影法(FBP)对数据进行重建,低剂量组使用IMR算法对数据进行重建。对两组图像进行主观质量评价和客观统计分析包括强化CT值、信噪比(SNR)、对比噪声比(CNR)以及辐射剂量。 结果 2名医师对动脉期图像质量评分一致性较高。低剂量组各段血管强化CT值、SNR、CNR均高于对照组,具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。低剂量组容积CT剂量指数(CTDI)、剂量长度乘积(DLP)和有效剂量(ED)明显低于正常剂量组。结论 在头颈部CTA检查中采用低管电压、低管电流、低流速与低对比剂总量扫描模式结合IMR重建技术即可满足临床诊断的需求,又可以获得较好的图像质量和较低的辐射剂量。     

高血压患者的无症状性心肌缺血及培哚普利治疗的影响

目的：探讨原发性高血压患者的无症状性心肌缺血（SMI）发生率和发作规律,研究培哚普利降压治疗对SMI的影响。方法：172例高血压患者和34例健康人均作动态心电图,采用1×1×1规则判定SMI发作。选30例有SMI发作但无ACEI禁忌症的高血压患者,服培哚普利4mg qd半年,1月、2月、4月、6月末作动态心电图复查。结果：172例高血压患者中60例共出现101次SMI发作,发生率34.9%,健康对照组无SMI,两组有极显著的差异（p〈0.001）。高血压患者的SMI发作以上午6：00至9：00最多,与其他时段比较有显著性差异（p〈0.05）。培哚普利治疗后血压明显降低,1个月后与治疗前比较有显著性差异（p〈0.05-0.01）,治疗2个月后SMI发作次数初显减少（p〈0.05）,而SMI发作的明显变化包括例数、次数的明显减少（p〈0.01）,迟至4月后才出现。心肌缺血总负荷在治疗4月后与治疗前比较有非常显著的降低（25.43±5.81mm.min,58.28±14.52mm.min,p〈0.01）。结论：高血压患者可出现SMI,培哚普利长期治疗有助于控制SMI发作。     

木芙蓉叶有效组分对大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

为了探讨木芙蓉叶有效组分 (MFR)对大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤中的作用 ,采用大鼠肾缺血再灌注模型 ,木芙蓉叶有效组分灌胃给药 ,观察血清尿素氮 (BUN)、肌酐 (Scr)及肾组织病理变化 ,并检测白细胞介素 - 1(IL- 1 )的含量。结果再灌注 2 4 h后 ,治疗组血 BUN及 Scr明显降低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;治疗组血液 IL- 1含量与非治疗组相比有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;而且治疗组肾组织病理损伤较非治疗组明显减轻。木芙蓉叶有效组分对肾缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用 ,其原因可能与抑制 IL- 1等的生成有关     

Pharmacological attenuation of apoptosis in reoxygenated endothelial cells

BRX-235 (Iroxanadine), a novel drug developed by Biorex (Hungary), was previously characterized as a vasculoprotector against atherosclerosis, an activator of p38 kinase, and an enhancer of stress-responsive heat shock protein (Hsp) expression. The present data demonstrate that BRX-235 may improve survival of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) following ischemia/reperfusion stress. ECs cultured from human umbilical veins were exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation to mimic ischemia/reperfusion. Caspase activation and apoptosis were monitored in the reoxygenated cells. Addition of BRX-235 (0.1–1 M) to culture medium prior to hypoxia or at start of reoxygenation significantly reduced the caspase-dependent apoptosis. The cytoprotection conferred by the pre-hypoxic drug administration was sensitive to quercetin and seems to be based on enhanced Hsp accumulation in stressed ECs. In the case of post-hypoxic drug administration, the cytoprotection was strongly inhibited by SB202190 and SB203580 and appears to be associated with enhanced p38 kinase activation in reoxygenated ECs.Received 12 May 2004; received after revision 7 September 2004; accepted 24 September 2004     

Tracing neuronal tracts in the olfactory pathway of rat and detecting ischemic core in a rat model of focal ischemia using manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging

Manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(MEMRI) is a novel neuroimaging technique first intro-duced by Lin et al. in 1997[1]. In this technique, bivalentmanganese ion (Mn2+) is used as a tracer for Ca2+, an im-portant substrate for neurotransmission. By monitoring thetransportation of Ca2+ between the cells and synapses,MEMRI can be used in vivo to trace neuronal tracts and tostudy brain functions dynamically. That Mn2+ can be usedas the tracer for Ca2+ is because it has two special…     

急诊科开展神经内镜治疗高血压脑出血的临床研究

目的探讨急诊科开展神经内镜手术治疗高血压脑出血的临床价值。方法1999年7月至2003年12月我院急诊科开展神经内镜手术治疗自发性脑出血101例。对其时效性、疗效、并发症等方面进行分析。结果从入院到手术间隔时间为(68.6±38.3)min。出血部位在基底节51例,脑叶27例,丘脑9例,血肿破入脑室14例。出血量20~130ml,平均(53.3±36.8)ml。手术时机为发病7h以内36例,7~72h43例,超过72h22例。手术时机越早,其疗效越好,并发症越少(P<0.001)。同时血肿量越大,疗效越差(P<0.001)。结论急诊科应用神经内镜治疗高血压脑出血具时效性、整体性和微创性统一,扩大了手术指征,值得进一步研究和推广应用。     

Chromosome 13 dementias

The importance of cerebral amyloid deposition in the mechanism of neurodegeneration is still debatable. Classic arguments are usually centered on amyloid β(Aβ) and its role in the neuronal loss characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease, the most common form of human cerebral amyloidosis. Two non-Aβ cerebral amyloidoses, familial British and Danish dementias (FBD and FDD), share many aspects of Alzheimer’s disease, including the presence of neurofibrillary tangles, parenchymal preamyloid and amyloid deposits, cerebral amyloid angiopathy and a variety of amyloid-associated proteins and inflammatory components. Both early-onset conditions are linked to specific mutations at or near the stop codon of the chromosome 13 gene BRI2 that cause generation of longer-than-normal protein products. Furin-like processing of these longer precursors releases two de novo-created peptides, ABri and ADan, which deposit as amyloid fibrils in FBD and FDD, respectively. Due to the similar pathology generated by completely unrelated amyloid subunits, FBD and FDD, collectively referred to as chromosome 13 dementias, constitute alternative models for studying the role of amyloid deposition in the mechanism of neuronal cell death.Received 4 March 2005; received after revision 24 April 2005; accepted 26 April 2005