热处理对镍基合金涂层与基体结合界面的影响

通过热浸镀法在普碳钢表面成功制备镍基合金涂层.为了提高镍基合金涂层与钢基体之间的结合强度,对镀有镍基合金涂层的基体进行了热处理.研究了热处理前、后结合界面处的显微组织和力学性能.结果表明,与热处理前相比,热处理后界面附近的涂层中析出物长大,界面处存在不连续块状铁的硼化物,界面两侧镍、铁互扩散距离增加,靠近界面的过渡带由5～8μm变为20μm.热处理前、后涂层均由γ-(Fe,Ni)、CrB、Cr2B和Cr3C2等相组成,过渡带相组成为γ-(Fe,Ni)、微量CrB和Fe23(C,B)6.热处理后,显微硬度由界面向涂层内逐渐增加,界面结合强度由140MPa提高到200MPa.     

Influence of B,Al and Nb addition on the glass forming ability and stability of mechanically alloyed Zr-Ni amorphous alloys

We investigated the influence of minor additions of B,Al and Nb that have representative atomic sizes on the glass forming ability (GFA) and stability of Zr-Ni amorphous alloys during mechanical alloying. The results show that the minor addition of B,Al or Nb does not shorten the initial time of the full amorphization reaction or improve the glass forming ability of the Zr-Ni alloys at a low rotation speed. However,B addition can effectively improve the mechanical stability of the amorphous phase against me...     

Role of locust <Emphasis Type="Italic">Locusta migratoria manilensis</Emphasis> claws and pads in attaching to substrates

The present study attempts to investigate the role of rigid claws and smooth adhesive pads in the locust Locusta migratoria manilensis,when attaching to various substrates.We measured the attachment forces on sandpaper and silicate glass plate of locusts with intact attachment system,and those with either the pretarsal claws or the tarsal pads having been entirely destroyed,to explore the role of pads and claws when a locust is walking on various substrates.To obtain information about morphological characteristics and material properties of the claws,we examined the intact and fractured claws by scanning electron microscopy,and tested the fractural force in a fracture experiment.We proposed a mechanical model for locust climbing on a slanting surface to analyze the conduction and final result of the attachment forces generated by the attachment organs on the fore-,mid-and hindlegs.Attachment forces generated by locusts with destroyed pads were similar to those generated by locusts with intact attachment system on both substrates,which presumably indicated that the claws have a significantly important role when attaching to various substrates.The result of the fracture experiment demonstrated that the claws are made of relatively stiff material,and their shear strength ranged between 39-45 MPa.Mechanical analysis of locust climbing on slanting surface showed that the force generated by the hindlegs suspended the whole body of locust up from the surface and pushed the body forward,while the midlegs steadily suspended the centre of gravity and the forelegs pulled the suspended body forward.The results obtained contribute to the further interpretation of the interaction mechanisms between insect attachment system and substrates,and supply information for designing and manufacturing slippery plates for trapping plague locusts.     

大型衍射光栅刻划机控制系统研究

介绍了大型高精度衍射光栅刻划机的机械结构及其控制系统设计,并针对具有复杂机械结构的控制系统研究了一种新的仿真方法.通过利用Pro/Mechanism模块中的Custom Load(定制负荷)插件实现控制算法,从而在虚拟样机上实现运动控制的仿真.采用这种方法,在光栅刻划机上进行了精定位控制仿真,并基于仿真结果进行控制方案优化,提高了控制系统的开发效率和控制方案的有效性.     

基于双目视觉的水泥混凝土路面错台检测方法

针对水泥混凝土路面错台测量手段的不足,提出了一种基于双目视觉的错台测量方法.该方法根据双目摄像机的成像特点和水泥混凝土路面的图像特征,对接缝位置进行定位和错台计算.定位分为2个主要步骤,一是基于灰度投影的粗定位,二是在粗定位的基础上提取接缝附近图像,利用灰度投影和边缘投影精定位.由双目视觉测量系统计算相邻2块水泥板在错台附近点的三维坐标,利用这些坐标计算错台量,其中关键环节是在双目图像匹配时提出了一种基于匹配点位置估计的匹配算法.试验表明,与直尺测量结果吻合.     

家具用木粉改性聚氨酯仿木材料性能的研究

通过对家具用木粉改性聚氨酯仿木材料的密度、压缩强度、弯曲强度、表面硬度和阻燃等性能的测试,分析了木粉添加量、木粉粒度、材料密度等对聚氨酯仿木材料力学性能的影响。结果表明：随着木粉添加量的增加或木粉粒径的减小,聚氨酯泡沫材料的压缩强度有所提高,而弯曲强度和表面硬度却有所下降;随着聚氨酯泡沫材料密度的增大,其压缩强度、弯曲强度和表面硬度都近乎线性增加;随着复合阻燃剂用量的增加,泡沫材料的氧指数也线性增加。     

浅谈挡土墙地基处理设计

水泥土挡墙可参照重力式挡土墙的设计计算方法进行设计。水泥土挡墙的厚度、强度与深度用试算法确定,根据初步拟定的参数,进行挡墙稳定性验算,必要时进行适当修改,直到满足设计要求为止。泵站前池下游端挡土墙基底应力不满足地基允许承载力的要求,需进行地基处理,采用水泥土搅拌桩进行地基处理的方法,取得了较好的效果。     

水泥稳定碎石底基层试验段施工技术的探讨

通过对试验段的施工来检验并确定水泥稳定碎石底基层及试验段混合料的施工配合比、试验段主要施工人员及机械设备配置试验段所需材料的各项技术参数试验段的施工工艺和施工方法。     

水泥稳定钢渣 碎石路面基层材料试验研究

利用钢渣的活性,避免钢渣的不稳定性,添加碎石,优选级配,对不同比例组合水泥稳定钢渣碎石路面基层材料进行了击实、无侧限抗压强度、间接抗拉强度、稳定性和抗冲刷等试验,并对各项力学性能指标做了深入分析．试验与分析显示,只要设计得当,水泥稳定钢渣碎石完全可以满足路面基层材料使用性能要求．作为工业废渣的钢渣在路面基层的合理有效应用,可以节约石料开采的费用,减少钢渣废弃的污染,实现经济和环境保护的双重效益．     

具有历史特征的Biba模型严格完整性策略

针对Biba模型中的严格完整性策略在保证数据完整性的同时会降低系统兼容性的问题,在Biba严格完整性模型基础上提出了具有历史特征的Biba模型严格完整性策略,将主体完整性等级扩展为独立的读写区间,并根据主体读写历史调整主体可读写的区间,并给出形式化的描述.该模型既可以保护系统数据的完整性,又能提高系统的兼容性.同时,给出所构造规则的实施策略的实现算法,说明该实施策略和常规实施策略具有相同的时间复杂度.