Grinding Characteristics Of Directionally Aligned SiC Whisker Wheel-Comparison With Al2O3 Fiber Wheel

A unique SiC whisker wheel was invented,in which the whiskers were aligned normally to the grinding wheel surface.In this paper,grindabilities of the SiC whisker wheel are investigated and compared with those of other wheels of SiC grains,Al2O3 grains,as well as Al2O3 long and short fibres which were also aligned normally to the grinding wheel surface,respectively.The main research contents concern grinding characteristics of a directionally aligned SiC whisker wheel such as material-removal volume,wheel-wear rates,integrity of the ground surfaces,grinding ratios and grinding efficiency.Furthermore,grinding wheels of whiskers and fibres have a common disadvantage:they tend to load easily.The authors have proposed a simple method of loading-free grinding to overcome this propensity and investigate some related grinding characteristics under loading-free grinding conditions.     

多孔性再生纤维素磁性微球的制备及性质

利用绿色环保的碱-尿素-水溶剂体系制备纤维素溶液,采用反相悬浮法制备纤维素微球,并通过原位复合法工艺对纤维素微球进行纳米磁性功能化负载。结果表明,随着油水比不断增大,微球粒径逐渐减小,制备的再生纤维素微球比表面积超过30 m2/g,孔度超过90%,吸水性强,含水率超过85%。通过FTIR、XRD和SEM研究发现原位复合法可成功地生成Fe3O4纳米粒子,并在纤维素微球中形成有效负载,且制备的纤维复合微球保留了良好的球形结构和多孔性,并具有超顺磁性。     

混合膜克拉霉素微胶囊的制备研究

以克拉霉素为模型药物,乙基纤维素与羟丙基甲基纤维素为膜材料,采用溶剂挥发法制备混合膜微胶囊,探索制备的最佳条件,并考察混合膜微胶囊的缓控释性能.实验结果表明,混合膜克拉霉素微胶囊的最佳制备条件为∶分散相中膜材料浓度为3%、乙基纤维素/羟丙基甲基纤维素为6∶1~7∶1、投药量2∶1~3∶1、连续相中SDS浓度0.1%、PVA浓度1.0%、油水比1∶8.     

细菌纤维素在造纸工业中的应用和展望

介绍了细菌纤维素的结构特点和功能特性及其在造纸工业中的应用现状．着重介绍了细菌纤维素在无纺布中的应用研究,研究表明细菌纤维素作为无纺布的胶粘剂,具有良好的粘结能力和广泛的适用范围,可有效改善织物的强度和性能．其生物降解性能有助于环境友好的无纺布产品的技术开发．     

PVA、PVP和β-CD改性再生纤维素膜的制备及渗透汽化分离己内酰胺水溶液

己内酰胺(CPL)是重要的有机化工原料,对CPL脱水是除杂工艺中最后一步。然而,CPL是热敏性物质,为防止CPL高温分解,重点研究了渗透汽化膜分离技术对CPL脱水。以棉短绒为制膜原料,采用碱溶解方法,通过相转变制备了再生纤维素(RC)膜。研究了铸膜液浓度对膜结构的影响。铸膜液的最佳浓度为4 wt%,RC膜表面平滑、无孔,可作为渗透汽化膜,但纯RC膜的通量较小。因此,选取了聚乙烯醇(PVA)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和β-环糊精(β-CD)分别对RC膜共混改性,考察了改性膜的溶胀度、接触角和渗透汽化膜分离性能。RC-PVA膜的机械强度、通量和分离因子均优于纯RC膜。β-CD提高了膜的分离因子,对通量影响较小。     

NREL法测定大米草原料组分的含量

采用美国国家可再生能源实验室(NREL)方法定量大米草原料中纤维素、半纤维素及木质素。72%浓硫酸水解1 h、4%稀硫酸水解1 h可将大米草的纤维素、半纤维素降解为可用HPLC定量的单糖,适宜的样品添加量为0.3 g。同时,NREL法测定大米草纤维素、半纤维素及木质素的含量分别为32.92%、27.65%和24.2%。这三个组分的含量是评价大米草预处理、酶解及发酵工艺条件的重要依据。     

Cellulose beads modified by histidine: Preparation and adsorption behavior

Porous cellulose beads modified by histidine (PCBH) were prepared. The adsorption capacity of PCBH for divalent Mg(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Hg(II) ions were determined. The effects of the temperature, the initial pH value, the concentration of metal ion and PCBH ligand on the adsorption of Cu(II) Hg (II) were discussed. The adsorption process fitted to Freundlich adsorption isotherms for both metal ions. Adsorption rate constants were also found. Foundation item: Supported by the National Science Foundation of Hubei Province(98J033) Biography: HE Yong-bing (1945-), male, Associate professor.     

The Dissolution of the Cellulose in the N - ethylmorpholine - N - oxide (NMMO) - Water System with Hydrothermolysis

Tbe N - methylmorpholine - N - oxide (NMMO) - water solvent was used to dissolve the cellulose that was achieved by means of hydrothermolysis. Sample B, RS and WS used here were made from beech, rice straw and wheat straw respectively. They could be completely dissolved in the NMMO - water system. A commercial a - cellulose was employed in the comparative experiment. The entire dissolving process was Investigated. At a given temperature, the vacuum condition applied to the mixture of the cellulose and NMMO - water was very important in order to accelerate the dissolution of cellulose and shorten the dissolving period. After dissolution, degree of polymerization (DP) of all samples was measured by viscometry. Longer dissolving time and higher temperature could cause the degradation of the dissolved cellulose. N- propyl gallate could prevent the degradation of cellulose during the process of dissolution.     

硼酸铝晶须预制块制备工艺的研究

高质量复合材料预制块是获得高性能复合材料的基本要求和关键要素之一．通过对没有任何粘接剂的硼酸铝晶须,从晶须的清洗、晶须的分散、预制块成型、预制块烘干及预制块烧结技术方面进行了研究,提出了获得用于制备镁基复合材料的硼酸铝晶须预制块的制备工艺．     

羧甲基纤维素接枝两性高吸水树脂的制备工艺

利用羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酰胺(AM)和甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为原料,通过接枝其聚反应合成高吸水性树脂.对制备高吸水树脂的影响因素如CMC用量、单体AA、AM、DMC的用量和配比、引发剂(NaHSO3、(NH4)2S2O8)用量、交联剂N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(NMBA)用量、AA中和度等进行分析研究.结果表明:纤维素接枝两性高吸水树脂的最佳制备工艺条件为∶m(AA)∶m(AM)∶m(DMC)=1.86∶1.00∶0.31,AA中和度为75%,CMC质量分数为5%,引发剂质量分数为2.5%,交联剂质量分数为0.1%,反应温度为60 ℃,反应时间为45 min.这种工艺条件下,可制备出吸蒸馏水倍率高达1 503 g/g、吸生理盐水165 g/g的两性高吸水性树脂.