D1-1-113井CO2增能压裂施工分析

介绍了CO2酸性环境交联压裂液体系、工艺特点及压裂施工情况,并通过对压裂后产量的分析,总结了该工艺成功的经验和存在的不足。     

纤维素纳米晶对胶凝复合材料耐酸性能的影响

Acid mine drainage presents an important threat to cementitious structures. This study is aimed at investigating the effect of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) on the acid resistance of cementitious composites. CNCs were added to mortar mixtures as additives at cement volume ratios of 0.2vol%, 0.4vol%, 1.0vol%, and 1.5vol%. After 28 d of standard curing, the samples were immersed in a sulfuric acid with a pH value of 2 for 75 d. The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test, the density, water absorption, void volume test, and thermogravimetric analysis were carried out to investigate the properties of CNC mixtures before sulfuric acid immersion. It was found that the addition of CNC reduced the volume of permeable voids and increased the hydration degree and mechanical strength of the samples. Changes in mass and length were monitored during immersion to evaluate the acid resistance of mixtures. The mixture with 0.4vol% CNC showed a reduced mass change and length change indicating its improved acid resistance.     

纤维素与木质素共热解行为研究及产物分析

利用热重分析仪和居里点裂解-气相质谱联用仪进行纤维素和木质素共热解实验,研究纤维素和木质素共热解过程中的相互作用及热解产物分布情况.结果表明:纤维素与木质素共热解过程中存在明显的相互作用,与热解温度和混合比例具有一定相关性.纤维素质量分数较低(30%)时,木质素和纤维素共热解时促进残渣的形成,而抑制了气相产物的形成,并提高了酚的相对产率;纤维素质量分数较高(70%)时,木质素和纤维素在共热解过程中相互促进,抑制了固体残渣的形成和非芳基化合物的形成.在低温区(200～320℃),木质素易活化产生小分子,与纤维素共热解时形成相互促进的作用加速了热失重过程;在高温区,纤维素与木质素共热解促进了残渣的形成,抑制了热解过程.     

森林碳汇计量方法的研究

通过植物分子式的方法确定不同树种的含碳量,以此为参数对我国的森林碳汇量进行了估算。结果表明:该计量方式既简单易行,又具有规范性及重复操作性,可动态预测我国森林碳汇量。并且,通过我国几次森林资源清查数据和森林资源系统仿真模型,该方法可对我国森林碳汇功能发展趋势作出动态预测。     

Synthesis of CaCO3 crystals using hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose hydrogel as template

Calcium carbonate crystallization was performed in hydrogel of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC). Results showed that the polyhydroxy functionalities in HPMC gel network facilitated the nucleation of aragonite which was not found in experiment without HPMC hydrogel and in experiment using methylcellulose (MC) hydrogel as template. On the other hand, due to the unique assembly of the macromolecules in HPMC hydrogel network, which was different from other hydrogels used in some previous reports, particular crystal morphology, corncob-like CaCO_3, was obtained for the first time.     

纤维素在炭化和活化过程中的结构变化

以纤维素为原料,通过在氮气氛下炭化和水蒸气活化得到纤维素基炭.采用热分析、傅里叶红外光谱、X射线衍射及低温N2吸附测试手段研究了纤维素的炭化和活化过程以及过程中炭微晶结构和比表面积的变化.纤维素分子结构中的C—OH、C—O—C、C—H等基团在280~380℃之间大量分解,380℃后少量裂解产生的小分子碎片或基团持续分解,同时碳元素发生结构重排,形成石墨微晶.炭化温度是影响纤维素基活性炭微晶结构及孔结构的关键因素,随炭化温度的升高,石墨微晶尺寸变大,孔结构得到发育,但活性炭的比表面积则呈先增加后下降趋势,当炭化温度为600℃时所得活性炭比表面积最大;炭化时间对炭微晶结构及比表面积的影响不显著;随着活化时间的延长,先是炭结构中的非微晶碳被氧化,比表面积及总孔容积变大,然后微晶碳被氧化,微晶结构被破坏,炭中部分微孔变成中孔或大孔,导致比表面积及总孔容积变小,当微晶间的非微晶碳被充分氧化而又不破坏原微晶结构时得到的炭孔隙最丰富.     

醋酸纤维素扩散限制膜修饰葡萄糖生物传感器

为拓宽葡萄糖生物传感器检测的线性范围,分别利用质量浓度为0g/L、10g/L、15g/L、20g/L、25g/L和30g/L醋酸纤维素扩散限制膜,对以二茂铁为电子媒介体明胶戊二醛固定葡萄糖氧化酶制备的葡萄糖丝网印刷金电极进行修饰,研究了醋酸纤维素扩散限制膜对葡萄糖生物传感器性能的影响.结果表明,醋酸纤维素扩散限制膜有效地拓宽了葡萄糖生物传感器检测的线性范围,质量浓度为20g/L醋酸纤维素制备的扩散限制膜修饰的葡萄糖生物传感器性能最优,具有良好的产业化前景,其检测线性范围为0～30mmol/L,响应时间为10s,灵敏度为31.4μA/(mol·L-1),相关系数为0.99733.     

Cellulose nanocrystals as green fillers to improve crystallization and hydrophilic property of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)

The green nanocomposites of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hyd roxyvalerate) (PHBV) with various cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) contents were prepared by solution casting method. Th e effects of CNCs on the crystallization behavior, spherulitic morphology, crystal structure and hydrophilic property of PHBV were studied by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), polarized optical microscope (POM), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and static water contact angle measurement. It is found that the CNCs act as an effective nucleation agent for crystallization of PHBV, inducing an increase in the melt crystallization tempera ture of the nanocomposites. A study of the non-isothermal crystallizatio n kinetics further illustrated that overall crystallization rate of PHBV in the nanocomposites was faster than that of neat PHBV, but exhibited a decrease in the crystallinity and the spherulite size of PHBV. Furthermore, the contact angle decreased from 60.1° for neat PHBV to 32.5° for the nanocomposites with 10% CNCs (mass fraction).     

钛酸钾晶须研究现状及发展前景

介绍了钛酸钾晶须的分类、结构、特性,比较了钛酸钾晶须不同制备方法的优缺点,综述了钛酸钾晶须在塑料增强材料、摩擦材料、高温隔热材料等方面的应用,以及钛酸钾晶须的研究方向及发展前景．