纤维素降解菌的分离及单菌株与菌群纤维素酶活性质

从实验室保存的5号菌群中，分离筛选出四株具有纤维素酶活力的细菌F1、F2、F3和F4．经形态学观察并进行16SrDNA序列分析，鉴定F1、F2、F3、F4分别是苏云金芽孢杆菌、生淀粉糖化酶产生菌、粪产碱菌和蜡样芽孢杆菌．通过分别测定四株细菌、5号菌群以及四株菌混合菌群的CMC酶活．进行比较分析，说明分离筛选单菌株，了解了菌群主要成分，同时有利于克服5号菌群活性不稳定，无法保存等缺点．混合单菌株形成新的菌群，利于后续对菌群内部各组分之间相互作用的研究．     

High Oil-absorptive Composites Prepared from Non-woven Fiber and Sponges with 4-tert- butylstyrene-EPDM-divinylbenzene Graft Polymer

4-tert-butylstyrene-EPDM-divinylbenzene graft terpolym-er (PBED) was prepared by graft cross-polymerization in toluene using BPO as an initiator. The gel-PBED and sol-PBED were isolated from extraction of tetrahydrofuran (THF), and then they were identified by IR spectr-oscopy. The maximum oil-absorptivity of gel-PBED produced from the optimum reaction conditions was 8420% but its swelling rate was very low. The highest oil-absorptivity of photocrosslinked sol-PBED film was 5 800%. Although its oil absorbency was not as high as gel-PBED' s, swelling rate was higher than that of gel-PBED and was suitable for commercial purpose. After swelling in oil, neither gel-PBED nor photocrosslinked sol-PBED film having high oil-absorptivity had sufficient mechanical strength to be taken out of oil wholly. As is known, composite technique is one of the useful methods for reinforcing them. Fibers, sponges and non-woven cloths were used as reinforcers or supporters in this work. Oil-absorptivities and swelling kinetics     

(农药-纤维素)酯类缓释剂的合成及水解性能的研究

以纤维素和羧甲基纤维素作为载体,将带有羧基的2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸和带有羟基的五氯酚等农药分别与它们相结合。制备了分子链上键合有农药的高聚物。进而通过水解试验其释放农药的性能。结果表明:农药在纤维素链上的替代度可以通过控制反应条件加以调节,所制备的键合有农药的高聚物可以自行水解而缓慢地释放出农药,并随水解时间的延长,释放速度逐渐减慢。     

AMPS的合成及其共聚物的应用

综述了2－丙烯酰胺基－2－甲基丙磺酸（AMPS）的性质、合成方法及其共聚物在化工生产中的应用。     

均聚甲醛降解问题的探讨

对聚甲醛制品特别是均聚甲醛制品的降解在实验论证基础上，指出无论是均聚或者是共聚甲醛，在自然条件下都很难降解，并给出了降解的办法。     

High Oil-absorptive Composites Prepared from Non-woven Fiber and Sponges with 4-tert- buty1styrene-EPDM-divinylbenzene Graft Polymer

4-tert-butylstyrene-EPDM-divinylbenzene graft terpolymer (PBED) was prepared by graft cross-polymerization in toluene using BPO as an initiator. The gel-PBED and solPBED were isolated from extraction of tetrahydrofuran (THF), and then they were identified by IR spectroscopy. The maximum oil-absorptivity of gel-PBED produced from the optinum reaction conditions was 8 420% but its swelling rate was very low. The highest oil-absorptivity of photocrosslinked sol-PBED film was 5 800%. Although its oil absorbency was not as high as gel-PBED' s, swelling rate was higher than that of gelPBED and was suitable for commercial purpose. After swelling in oil, neither gel PBED nor photocrosslinked sol-PBED film having high oil-absorptivity had sufficient mechanical strength to be taken out of oil wholly. As is known, composite technique is one of the useful methods for reinforcing them. Fibers, sponges and non-woven cloths were used as reinforcers or supporters in this work. Oil-absorptivities and swelling kinetics were evaluated by method ASTM (F726 - 81 ) and an experimental equation. The mechanical properties and the morphologies of some composites were measured by tensile tester and SEM , respectively.     

Characterization of pH-sensitive Poly （ acrylic acid-co-N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone） Hydrogels Prepared by Gamma Radiation

The pH-sensitive copolymer hydrogels were prepared with the monomers of acrylic acid and N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone based on gamma radiation technique. The morphology of the hydrogels was monitored by using scanning electron microscope. The influence of absorbed dose, monomer compasition and concentration on the swelling ratio (SR) of the hydrogels were investigated in detail. The effect of pH and temperature of the swelling medium on the swelling behavior of the hydrogels were also examined. The results show that the SR of the copolymer hydrogels decreases with the monomer concentration and absorbed dose increasing. The copolymer hydrogels show a better pH-sensitive behavior. In alkaline solution, the SR of the hydrogels is much higher than in acid solution.     

稻草制取多羟基化合物的探讨

本文探讨将农业废料稻草纤维素水解、发酵,制多羟基化合物的原理及方法。     

棉纤维素/N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物—水合物(NMMO·H_2O)溶液的流变性能

利用Instron3211型毛细管流变仪和Instron3325型流变力学谱仪研究了棉纤维素/N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物一水合物(NMMO·H_2O)溶液流变性能,讨论了剪切速率、温度和溶液中的纤维素的质量分数对棉纤维素/NMMO·H_2O溶液流变性能的影响,计算了不同质量分数溶液的粘流活化能。     

基于含蒽荧光共聚物膜的四环素荧光光纤传感器

甲基丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸丁酯与荧光单体甲基丙烯酸［９蒽］甲基酯共聚得一种含蒽荧光共聚物（ＰＡＭＢ）．基于四环素对ＰＡＭＢ膜荧光的可逆猝灭，研制了一种新的四环素荧光光纤传感器．传感器具有好的可逆性，重现性及选择性，在３０ｓ内对四环素的线性响应为２．０２×１０－７～２．０２×１０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ．由于蒽被共价键合在ＰＡＭＢ上，传感器显示出好的长期稳定性．该传感器已被用于四环素药片和尿中四环素的直接测定．