Fe2O3纳米粒子复合纤维素膜降解有机染料亚甲基蓝

合成Fe2O3纳米粒子复合纤维素膜.采用XRD、TEM和磁力线等多种方法对Fe2O3纳米粒子复合纤维素膜的结构和性能进行表征,并研究Fe2O3纳米粒子复合纤维素膜对亚甲基蓝的降解作用.结果表明：当溶液中H2SO4加量为25.8mol/L、H2O2加量为2.4mol/L时,用5g/L的复合纤维素膜对1.4×10-5 mol/L的亚甲基蓝溶液进行降解,25min内降解率达到100%.     

森林碳汇计量方法的研究

通过植物分子式的方法确定不同树种的含碳量,以此为参数对我国的森林碳汇量进行了估算。结果表明:该计量方式既简单易行,又具有规范性及重复操作性,可动态预测我国森林碳汇量。并且,通过我国几次森林资源清查数据和森林资源系统仿真模型,该方法可对我国森林碳汇功能发展趋势作出动态预测。     

环氧细菌纤维素的合成工艺研究

以细菌纤维素为原料,在非均相体系中与环氧氯丙烷反应,合成了环氧化细菌纤维素.研究了反应条件:如环氧氯丙烷用量、NaOH用量、反应温度及反应时间对环氧基含量的影响.结果表明:合成EBC的最佳条件为反应温度35℃,反应时间3h,细菌纤维素以干重计算约0.5g,环氧氯丙烷的用量为30 mL,w=30％ NaOH的用量为40 ...     

用羟乙基纤维素(HEC)改善短碳纤维的分散性

实验采用HEC作为分散剂,采用旋转搅拌方式在其水溶液中对短碳纤维进行分散.对HEC的质量浓度、搅拌速度及搅拌时间对短碳纤维分散率的影响进行了研究,通过SEM表征了短碳纤维在分散前后的镀铜效果.结果表明:短碳纤维经HEC分散后,分散性明显改善.HEC在水中的浓度要适中,过高或过低,短碳纤维的分散效果不显著;搅拌速度的提升和分散时间的延长会提高短碳纤维的分散率.当HEC质量浓度为1.5 g/L,搅拌速度为800 r/min,搅拌时间为30 min时,短碳纤维的分散率达到98%.分散处理过的短碳纤维镀铜层更加完整均匀,无黑心现象.     

Cellulose nanocrystals as green fillers to improve crystallization and hydrophilic property of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)

The green nanocomposites of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hyd roxyvalerate) (PHBV) with various cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) contents were prepared by solution casting method. Th e effects of CNCs on the crystallization behavior, spherulitic morphology, crystal structure and hydrophilic property of PHBV were studied by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), polarized optical microscope (POM), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and static water contact angle measurement. It is found that the CNCs act as an effective nucleation agent for crystallization of PHBV, inducing an increase in the melt crystallization tempera ture of the nanocomposites. A study of the non-isothermal crystallizatio n kinetics further illustrated that overall crystallization rate of PHBV in the nanocomposites was faster than that of neat PHBV, but exhibited a decrease in the crystallinity and the spherulite size of PHBV. Furthermore, the contact angle decreased from 60.1° for neat PHBV to 32.5° for the nanocomposites with 10% CNCs (mass fraction).     

两组纤维素分解菌复合系MC-A1和MC-N1的筛选及其协同功能初探

采用连续传代方法分别从自制堆肥和几种自然发酵基质中筛选出纤维素分解能力较强的两组混合菌复合系MC-A1和MC-N1,前者是通过高温摇瓶发酵定期传代获得的耐高温好氧性的纤维素分解菌群,后者则是通过高温静止培养定期传代获得的耐高温兼氧性的纤维素分解菌群,这两组纤维素分解菌复合系在96 h内对天然纤维素材料麦秆粉的分解率分别达到42%和38%,分解速度最快时期均发生在48~96 h内,96 h以后麦秆粉分解率迅速减缓。麦秆粉发酵培养液先接种好氧性纤维素分解菌复合系MC-A1摇瓶发酵96 h,再接种兼氧性纤维素分解菌复合系MC-N1静止培养96 h,麦秆粉的分解效率可以提高到47%,说明这两组纤维素分解菌复合系在非天然纤维素分解过程中发挥协同作用。     

Acetobacter xylinum NUST4.2摇瓶发酵细菌纤维素的动力学研究

研究了细菌纤维素生产菌株Acetobacter xylinum NUST4.2的发酵动力学特性,建立了基于Logistic方程的菌体生长动力学、产物生成动力学、底物消耗动力学,得到了描述摇瓶发酵过程的动力学模型及模型参数,模型与实验数据拟合良好,反映了该菌株分批发酵过程的动力学特征。     

天然高分子絮凝剂的研究进展

介绍了天然高分子改性絮凝剂——淀粉类、木质素类、甲壳素类、植物胶类以及纤维素类絮凝剂的研究及应用现状,包括絮凝剂合成的原料、方法,各种类型絮凝剂的特点、应用范围及存在的不足;对天然高分子絮凝剂的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Biorefinery of bacterial cellulose from rice straw: enhanced enzymatic saccharification by ionic liquid pretreatment

The pretreatment of rice straw is often used to enhance the hydrolysis. 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([AMIM]Cl) is a kind of low viscous,nontoxic and recyclable ionic liquid. It was used to treat rice straw and improve the enzymatic hydrolysis of rice straw in this study. The factors influencing the pretreatment were as follows:the dosage of rice straw in [AMIM]Cl,crush mesh of rice straw,pretreatment temperature and time. After the pretreatment with a 3 %(the weight ratio of rice straw to ionic liquid) rice straw dosage in [AMIM]Cl at 110 ℃ for 1 h,the yield of reducing sugar of regenerated rice straw by 33 U/mL cellulase hydrolysis was 53.3 %,which was two times higher than that of un-treated rice straw(23.7 %) . More researches regarding straw biorefinery to bacterial cellulose are being performed in the lab and prospective results will be published in near future.     

木薯秸杆黄原酸酯的制备及其对重金属Cr3+吸附性能的研究

以木薯秸杆为原料,经过碱化处理后,进行黄原酸化反应制得木薯秸杆黄原酸酯(SCX).同时对SCX吸附Cr3+的性能及影响因素进行了研究.结果表明,当Cr3+浓度为20 mg/L时,SCX用量为0.2 g、溶液pH值为9、反应温度为30℃、反应时间为30 min的条件下,SCX对Cr3+的吸附率达79.5％.