基于最大值参考单元的双剔除门限恒虚警目标检测算法

针对传统恒虚警目标检测算法在非均匀噪声环境下虚警率过高的问题,提出一种基于最大值参考单元的双剔除门限恒虚警(dual censoring threshold based on maximal reference cell-constant false alarm rate,DCT-MRC-CFAR)目标检测算法.基于参考窗最大值参考单元得到剔除比较门限,通过比较,剔除极大值参考单元,根据剩余参考单元的数量选择参考窗中剔除后剩余参考单元或者参考窗中全部参考单元来估计背景噪声功率,并得到功率检测门限.与其他算法进行仿真对比,DCT-MRC-CFAR算法在均匀噪声环境下,检测性能接近于单元平均恒虚警(cell averaging-constant false alarm rate,CA-CFAR)算法;在非均匀噪声环境下,检测性能较稳定,且优于自动删除单元平均恒虚警(automatic censored cell averaging-constant false alarm rate,ACCA-CFAR)和自动双删除单元平均恒虚警(automatic dual censored cell averaging-constant false alarm rate,ADCCA-CFAR)算法.结果表明,提出的DCT-MRC-CFAR目标检测算法在均匀和非均匀噪声环境下,均具有较优和较稳定的检测性能.     

绿萝花水溶性多糖体外抗肿瘤的实验研究

目的:探讨藏药绿萝花水溶性多糖体外抗肿瘤作用,为绿萝花进一步开发利用提供科学依据.方法:以绿萝花水溶性多糖为研究材料,以S180腹水瘤细胞株、HepA 1-6小鼠肝癌细胞株和L1210小鼠白血病细胞株为研究对象,以CCK-8法、AO/EB染色法和Annexin V/PI双染法流式细胞术为主要检测手段,以肿瘤细胞生长、肿瘤细胞形态、肿瘤细胞凋亡等为考核指标,研究藏药绿萝花水溶性多糖的体外抗肿瘤作用.结果:S180腹水瘤细胞为绿萝花水溶性多糖敏感细胞,1000.0μg/mL抑制率为71.38%;不同剂量绿萝花水溶性多糖均具有诱导S180细胞发生凋亡,均可以上调瘤细胞的早期和晚期凋亡率,1000.0μg/mL效果最好,凋亡率达到26.60%.结论:藏药绿萝花水溶性多糖具有体外诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡作用,作用相当于5-FU.     

Reactive oxygen species are crucial for hydroxychavicol toxicity toward KB epithelial cells

Betel quid (BQ) chewing shows a strong correlation to the incidence of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), leukoplakia and oral cancer. BQ contains mainly areca nut, lime, Piper betle leaf (PBL) and the inflorescence of P. betle (IPB). Hydroxychavicol (4-allyl-catechol, HC), as a major phenolic compound in PBL and IPB, is shown to induce oxidative stress, glutathione (GSH) depletion and cell cycle deregulation. Using bivariate BrdU/PI flow cytometry, KB cells in DNA synthesis (S phase) are shown to be sensitive to the toxic effect of HC and show cell cycle arrest and apoptosis following exposure to 0.1 and 0.3 mM HC. HC-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest are associated with mitochondrial membrane potential (m) depolarization as revealed by a decrease in rhodamine fluorescence. N-acetyl-L-cysteine (1 mM), superoxide dismutase (100 U/ml) and catalase (1000 U/ml) were effective in prevention of HC-induced GSH depletion (as indicated by chloromethylfluorescein fluorescence), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (by dichlorofluorescein fluorescence), cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. However, dimethylthiourea (2 mM), neocuproine (1 mM), 1,10-phenanthroline (200 M) and desferrioxamine (0.5 mM) showed little effect on HC-induced cell changes. HC elevated the cellular and mitochondrial GSH levels at moderate concentrations (0.05–0.1 mM), whereas at a concentration of 0.3 mM, inhibitory effects were noted. These results indicate that HC consumption may be associated with BQ-chewing-related oral mucosal diseases via GSH depletion, ROS production, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell cycle disturbance and the induction of apoptosis. These events are related to the production of superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide.Received 9 July 2003; received after revision 28 September 2003; accepted 24 October 2003     

陡脉冲肿瘤治疗仪的研制及应用

在一定电场强度陡脉冲的作用下，细胞膜会形成大量微孔，其数量和孔径会随电场强度的增加而激增，从而引起膜组织断裂，导致细胞死亡，这种现象被称为不可逆性电击穿，为了研究陡脉冲对肿瘤细胞的不可逆性电击穿，应用现代电力电子技术和高电压新技术，研制出了一套脉冲峰值、脉冲宽度、脉冲重复频率和脉冲陡度独立可调的能量可控陡脉冲肿瘤治疗仪。分析了该治疗仪各部分电路的工作原理，在实验室调试成功的基础上，应用该仪器对人卵巢腺癌SKOV3细胞进行了细胞实验，调试时的示波器实测波形和细胞实验的电镜结果表明，该治疗仪性能稳定，能够方便地调节输出脉冲的能量，能有效地杀伤肿瘤细胞。     

质子交换膜燃料电池动态响应建模与仿真研究

为研究质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)电堆的输出响应,利用Matlab-Simulink仿真工具对PEMFC进行系统动态模型建立.通过使用燃料电池测试系统,在不同的运行条件下对PEMFC的暂态电响应进行测量和分析.实验数据与仿真结果吻合较好,表明该模型是有效和可操作的,有助于改善PEMFC的设计,提高其性能.     

Temperature dependent spectral response characteristic of III-V compound tandem cell

The GaInP/GaAs/Ge triple-junction tandem cells with a conversion efficiency of 27.1% were fabricated using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) technique. Temperature dependence of the spectral response measurements of the GaInP/GaAs/Ge tandem cell was performed by a quantum effi-ciency system at temperatures ranging from 25℃ to 160℃. The red-shift phenomena of the absorption limit for all subcells were observed with increasing temperature, which is dued to the energy gap nar-rowing with temperature. The short-circuit current densities (J_sc)of GaInP, GaAs and Ge subcells at room temperature calculated based on the spectral response data were 12.9, 13.7 and 17 mA/cm², re-spectively. The temperature coefficient of J_sc for the tandem cell was determined to be 8.9 mA/(cm²·℃), and the corresponding temperature coefficient of the open-circuit voltage deduced from the se-ries-connected model was -6.27 mV/℃.     

mRNA detection in living cell using phosphorothioate-modified molecular beacon

In this study, GFP mRNA in COS-7 cell and GFP-transfected COS-7 cell was detected in real time using phosphorothioate-modified molecular beacon based on living cell imaging method. Results showed that phosphorothioate-modified molecular beacon still kept the advantages of molecular beacon, such as, excellent selectivity, high sensitivity, and no separation detection. In addition, this modification could significantly increase the nuclease resistance of molecular beacon. Phosphorothioate-modified molecular beacon can efficiently reduce the false positive signal and improve the accuracy of living cell mRNA detection. Supported by the National Key Basic Research Program (Grant No. 2002CB513110), International Technologies Collaboration Program of China (Grant No. 2003DF000039), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 90606003 and 20620120107)     

细菌内毒素对基因免疫小鼠存活率和产仔率的影响

作为第三代疫苗,核酸疫苗具有易操作、低成本等优点,但是其内在危险性还有待进一步研究和排除,在其制备过程中可能掺入的细菌内毒素就是影响因素之一.细菌内毒素是革兰氏阴性菌细胞壁外膜结构中的脂多糖,体内释放后会引起发热、休克等多种病理变化.国外已有体外实验证明内毒素会对小鼠的生殖系统产生影响,本研究旨在通过在体实验探讨内毒素对免疫小鼠的存活率和产仔率的影响.采用常规方法(碱裂解法)、试剂盒2种方法,提取2种pCR3.1-Sry质粒(2种质粒的区别在于是否去除内毒素,其浓度和纯度均经过琼脂糖凝胶电泳和紫外分光光度法分析和控制).作为核酸疫苗对小鼠进行免疫:全程统计免疫小鼠的存活率和产仔率,同时注射灭菌ddH2O作为对照.分子生物学实验结果显示,所制备疫苗具有适宜的浓度和较高的纯度;免疫实验和数字统计结果显示,未去除内毒素实验组小鼠较去除内毒素组的存活率由93%下降到84%、产仔率由87.5%下降到35.7%,而去除内毒素组却与对照组没有明显差异.总之,核酸疫苗制备过程中掺入的细菌内毒素会对免疫小鼠造成较大不良影响,特别是生殖系统,体现在产仔率大幅降低.     

P38α对人血管内皮一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)基因启动子转录活性的影响

目的:研究P38α对人血管内皮细胞一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)基因启动子转录活性的影响.方法:利用硝酸还原酶法检测不同浓度氯化钴作用下人脐静脉血管内皮细胞-12(HUVEC-12)上清中的一氧化氮(NO)的含量.以pRL-TK为内参照,将已经构建好的pGL2-eNOS-p质粒分别与pGL3-BASIC、pcDNA3、p38a、及p38a(AF)共转染HUVEC-12细胞,利用双荧光素酶报告基因技术检测eNOS基因启动子转录活性,并在共转染的基础上加氯化钴刺激,并检测eNOS基因启动子转录活性.结果:氯化钴刺激下HUVEC-12细胞培养上清的NO含量随氯化钴作用浓度增加而提高,成功建立化学缺氧模型;p38a在正常和缺氧条件下均明显降低eNOS基因启动子的活性,可被无活性诱变体p38a(AF)逆转.结论:P38et下调人血eNOS基因启动子转录活性.     

端粒和端粒酶与衰老、癌症的潜在关系——2009年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖简介

美国科学家伊丽莎白·布莱克本、卡萝尔·格雷德和杰克·绍斯塔克三人同时获得2009年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖,这是由于他们发现“染色体是如何被端粒和端粒酶保护的”,这一研究成果揭开了人类衰老和肿瘤发生等生理病理现象的奥秘。本文将就端粒和端粒酶的发现、结构和功能及其与人类衰老、癌症的潜在关系等方面做一简要介绍。