植物细胞工程药物生产的研究进展

通过对植物生产药物几个阶段的概述 ,重点介绍了植物细胞大规模培养进行药物生产的进展、存在问题以及一些新技术的运用。最后介绍了转基因植物生产药物的前景。     

缓冲液条件对水霉细胞壁结合Ca2+的影响

用原子吸收光谱研究了pH值、Tris 马来酸缓冲液浓度对水霉 (Saprolegniaferax)顶端生长菌丝细胞壁与Ca2 结合的影响 .发现在 pH 3.5～ 6 .0范围内 ,细胞壁结合的Ca2 随 pH值升高而增加 ,pH >6 .0时 ,细胞壁结合的Ca2 呈下降趋势 .细胞壁结合的Ca2 随Tris 马来酸缓冲液浓度升高而增加 ,Tris浓度高于 9mmol/L时 ,细胞壁结合的Ca2 则减少 .细胞壁最多可结合Ca2 量>6 0 μmol/L .证明细胞壁Ca2 确实是水霉顶端生长赖以维持的胞外Ca2 库 .     

DNA-protein interaction at erythroid important regulatory elements of MEL cells byin vivo footprinting

Using ligation-mediated PCR method to study the status of DNA-protein interaction at hypersensitive site 2 of locus control Region and β^maj promoter of MEL cell line before and after induction, MEL cell has been cultured and induced to differentiation by Hemin and DMSO, then the live cells have been treated with dimethyl sulfate. Ligation mediated PCR has been carried out following the chemical cleavage. The results demonstrate that before and after induction, the status of DNA-protein interaction at both hypersensitive site 2 and β^maj promoter change significantly, indicating that distal regulatory elements (locus control region, hypersensitive sites) as well as proximal regulatory elements (promoter, enhancer) of β-globin gene cluster participate in the regulation of developmental specificity.     

Inhibition of free radical induced oxidative hemolysis of red blood cells by green tea polyphenols

The in vitro oxidative hemolysis of human red blood cells (RBC) was used as a model to study the free radical induced damage of biological membranes and the inhibitory effect of natural antioxidants. The hemolysis was induced by a water-soluble free radical initiator 2,2′-azo(2- asmidinopropane)dihydrochloride (AAPH) and inhibited by the principal polyphenolic components extracted from green tea leaves, i.e. (-)-epicatechin (EC), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (-)-epicat- echin gallate (ECG), (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and gallic acid (GA). Addition of AAPH at 37°C caused fast hemolysis after a short period of inhibition period, while addition of the green tea polyphenols efficiently suppressed the hemolysis in the activity sequence of EGCG＞EGC＞ECG≈EC＞GA, demonstrating that these green tea polyphenols are effective antioxidants which could protect biological membranes from free radical induced oxidative damage.     

Chemical treatments of the nanocrystalline porous TiO2 electrodes

Two types of nanocrystalline porous TiO₂ electrodes were prepared by the hydrothermal and painting methods. The incident photon-to-current efficiency and photoelectrical conversion efficiency were both improved by chemical treatments of titanium tetrachloride and titanium isopropoxide. The surface roughness, quantities of adsorbed dye, photocurrent-voltage curves, IR spectra and UV-visible absorption spectra were measured, and the mechanism of chemical treatments was discussed.     

横电磁室的数值分析方法及应用的新进展

本文介绍几种用于分析横电磁室 ( TEM Cell)的数值分析方法 ,以及所得到的分析结果。另外还介绍了横电磁室的新技术及应用。     

国产胸腺肽诱导肝癌细胞凋亡及其机制

以ＭＴＴ法检测胸腺肽对ＨｅｐＧ２的细胞毒作用,以细胞原位凋亡染色法（Ｔｕｎｅｌ法）检测胸腺肽诱导ＨｅｐＧ２细胞凋亡,并以ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ－ｂｌｏｔ法及免疫组化法检测药物处理后ｂｃｌ－２、Ｆａｓ抗原的表达变化。结果显示在０～１５０ｕｇ／ｍＬ浓度范围内,胸腺肽对ＨｅｐＧ２无明显的细胞毒作用,当药物浓度超近１５０ｕｇ／ｍＬ以上,细胞毒作用呈上升趋势,其ＩＣ５０为３３０ｕｇ／ｍＬ,而低于１５０ｕｇ／ｍＬ的胸     

氮离子注入对甜菊幼苗生长发育和细胞核的影响

对低能氮离子注入甜菊种子引起的生长发育、细胞核和染色体形态结构的影响进行研究。结果表明,能量为７５ＫｅＶ,剂量为１０＾１４／ｃｍ＾４的氮离子束主甜菊种子后,种子萌发率下降;幼苗期生长迟缓;细胞分裂指数下降,异常细胞核和染色体畸变增加,细胞核膜凹凸不平,核仁解聚,部分核质凝集并被凹陷的核膜包被成颗粒化小区,进而形成 核,细胞核的形态建设和细胞分裂受到一定的干扰,推测这些现象与幼苗期处理种子的早期生长     

苜蓿乙硫氨酸抗性变异细胞系的筛选

用经返地卫星搭载诱变处理的豆科牧草紫花苜蓿（Ｍｅｄｉｃａｇｏ ｓａｔｉｖａ Ｌ．）干种子种植后长出的花序为外植体诱导愈伤组织,以Ｌ－乙硫氨酸为筛选剂,通过多步正筛选途径获得了苜蓿乙硫氨酸抗性细胞系ＭＥ＾ｒＢ,ＭＥ＾ｒＢ在脱离选择压力９个月后,其对Ｌ－乙硫氨酸的抗性Ｉ＾５０（生长量半抑制时的Ｌ－乙硫氨酸浓度）比野生型高１４．２倍,表明抗性系抗性表达稳定。抗性系还表现出对ＤＬ－甲硫氨酸的交叉抗性和对天     

鲫鱼(Carassius auratus)尾部脊髓不同节段Dahlgren细胞的形态计量学分析

用光镜和彩色图象分析系统 ,对 5尾春季鲫鱼 (♀ )最后 1～ 3节 (R1～ 3,Ⅳ段 )、4～ 6节 (R4～ 6 ,Ⅲ段 )、7～ 9节 (R7～ 9,Ⅱ段 )和 10～ 12节 (R10～ 12 ,Ⅰ段 )等 4段尾部脊椎的脊髓中30个Dahlgren细胞的形态计量学参数进行了比较研究 .结果发现 :不同节段脊髓中的Dahlgren细胞和细胞核的二维、三维计量参数多数有明显差异 .尤以头尾两节段间 (即最后 12～ 10节与 3～ 1节间 )的差异最明显 ,显著差异率达 75% .其中 ,从头段到尾段表明细胞大小的 8项参数 (周长、面积、长轴、短轴、截矩、直径、体积和表面积 )减小的显著差异率达 10 0 % ,而表明胞核大小的4项参数 (周长、面积、长轴、短轴 )增大的显著差异率达 75% .表明细胞功能状态的 4项参数 (细胞比表面、细胞核体密度、核质比和面密度 )增大的显著差异率更高达 10 0 % .据此 ,可将Dahlgren细胞分为胞体较大胞核较小和胞体较小胞核较大或含双核、多核等两种类型 .前者功能不太活跃 ,主要分布在最后 12～ 10节脊椎的脊髓中 ;后者功能较活跃 ,主要分布在最后 3～ 1节的脊髓中 .随着脊髓向尾端延伸 ,前一种类型的细胞逐渐被后一种类型的细胞所更替