The role of repair in radiobiology

Summary Apart from cancer and mutation induction, radiobiological effects on mammals are mostly attributable to cell death, defined as loss of proliferative capacity. Survival curves relate retention of that capacity to radiation dose, and often manifest a quasi-threshold (shoulder). The shoulder is attributable to an initial mechanism of repair (Q-repair) which is gradually depleted as dose increases. Another form of repair, which is not depleted (P-repair), increases the dose required to deliver an average of one lethal event per cell (dose D₀). Neither form of repair can unambiguously be linked with repair of defects in isolated DNA. An important initial lesion may well be disruption of the complex structural relationship between the DNA, nuclear membrane and associated proteins. One form of P-repair may be restoration of that structural relationship.     

Lack of effect of dihydroergotamine on endothelial and smooth muscle cell proliferation and endothelial cell prostanoid production

Summary The most important effect of dihydroergotamine is venoconstriction, but certain metabolic effects and changes in vessel prostanoid activity have also been suggested. In this study endothelial cell production of 6-keto PGF₁ and TxB₂ was quantitated in vitro. No evidence of altered prostanoid production was noted after incubation with dihydroergotamine (exposure ranging from 5×10^–3 to 5×10^–7 g/l). Similarly, no effect of dihydroergotamine on the growth rates of endothelial cells or smooth muscle cells in vitro was documented.     

冠状动脉粥样硬化病变中微量元素的X射线显微分析

本文应用EDAX-9100能谱仪,对家兔冠状动脉粥样硬化病变部位的微量元素进行显微分析,发现Zn/Cu比值大于1,提供了冠心病病因中“Zn/Cu假说”的实验论证。     

原子外层空轨道相对最稳定顺序及周期性规则

本文提出原子外层空轨道相对稳定性可作为电子填充的粗略判据;给出由中性原子轨道能数据直接导出原子外层轨道相对最稳定顺序的图表及周期性规则;用以简明、清晰、合理地推引解释元素基组态和解释元素周期律。提出在中心势场模型基础上推引全部元素基组态的方法。     

In vitro protein synthesis and α amylase activity in F cells from hepatopancreas ofPalaemon serratus (Crustacea; Decapoda)

In crustaceans, all the steps in the assimilation of food take place in the hepatopancreas. To facilitate the study of this organ, a method for the dissociation of cell types was developed. The hepatopancreas of the prawnPalaemon serratus was mechanically dissociated and the cells separated by Percoll density-gradient centrifugation. The E and R cells had similar densities of around 1.05 g/ml. The F cells were separated into two distinct fractions with densities of 1.075 and 1.082 g/ml. The B cells sedimented at a density of 1.12 g/ml. The ratio between the two populations of F cells was found to vary during the intermolt cycle while B cells disappeared after the molt. When the density gradient fractions were incubated with³H-leucine, incorporation was highest in the F cell fractions. Measurements of -amylase activity, indicated that the two populations of F cells may be derived from the same cell type.     

产物分离固相化细胞反应器的设计和数学模型

设计了一种以挥发性产物和非挥发性底物为特征的四相反应器——分离器。在此反应器中,生物催化剂被固定在固体柱填充物上并与含有底物的液相接触,汽相流过柱子而将挥发性产物蒸发迸入汽相。反应器由同方向流的浓缩器和反方向流的分离器两个基本汽——液流部分组成。并建立了吸附的单层细胞稳态群体数学模型和反应器平衡状态模型。     

Loss of antibody production accompanied by chromosome loss in a cloned hybrid line secreting antibodies to sheep red blood cells

Summary Somatic cell hybrids between Sp2/O-Ag14 mouse myeloma cells and lymphocytes derived from BALB/c mice hyperimmunized with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were produced. One hybrid producing IgG₁ antibody to SRBC was selected, cloned twice and subsequently transferred to BALB/c mice. After a number of transfers it was found that the antibody titer in ascitec fluid gradually decreased. Cytogenetic analysis revealed gradual chromosome loss in the hybrid clone, which produced progressively less antibody.     

Selective protection of cells against X-irradiation. Isoproterenol protects only those cells that possesβ-adrenoreceptors

Summary In mixed culture of Chinese hamster fibroblatst, clone 431, and transformed murine L fibroblasts, clone B-82, isoproterenol was found to protect only 431 cells against ionizing radiation. It was shown that 431 cells, in contrast to B-82 cells, possess-adrenoreceptors, and the radioprotective effect of isoproterenol can be realized only if this agent interacts with-adrenoreceptors coupled with the cAMP system. Since malignization often causes the disappearance of-adrenergic and other hormone receptors, the combined culturing and irradiation of the cells studied can be regarded as a model of the growth of malignant cells (B-82) among normal tissue cells (431 cells) under conditions of radiation therapy. A possibility of selective protection against radiation damage of normal tissue cells, with retention of the former radiosensitivity of tumor cells, is discussed.     

基于网格映射技术的弹性密封垫孔洞设计研究

针对密封橡胶在压缩情况下易发生翘边而严重影响管片接缝防水效果的问题,基于ABAQUS/Standard中的网格映射技术,建立了超弹性橡胶密封垫的压缩数值模型,对7种不同开孔形状、开孔率、孔洞排列方式的密封垫开展轴向压缩数值模拟。结果表明：在整个压缩数值模拟过程中,弹性橡胶密封垫接触面应力呈现两端大、中间小的多峰值W形分布;闭合孔为圆角三角形的密封垫相较于其他开孔形状的密封垫,平均接触应力最大值提升86.8%;开孔率为0.294的密封垫相较于其他开孔率的密封垫,平均接触应力最大值提升92.6%;错孔排列的密封垫相较于对孔排列的密封垫,平均接触应力最大值提升25.2%;相较于敞开孔构型变化,闭合孔构型变化对接触应力的影响更大,两者同一工况下平均接触应力最大可相差85.2%。     

白蜡虫(Ericerus pela Chavannes)雌虫神经分泌系统的形态及组织学研究

应用Ewen’s改良多聚醛品红染色方法,对雌性白蜡虫(Ericerus pela Cha-vannes)成虫神经分泌系统的形态及组织学进行了研究.确定了在前脑中存在有两群属于“A”型神经分泌细胞.愈合腹神经节中亦有分散的“A”型神经分泌细胞.脑神经分泌细胞中的神经分泌粒通过其轴突传送到心侧体中释放.心侧体为神经血器官.虫体在进入成体阶段后到产卵期间,其脑中的神经分泌细胞在形态及染色性上都没有明显差异.