在钛阴极上电还原草酸制乙醛酸的电解工艺

本文报道在钛阴极上草酸还原制乙醛酸的电解工艺.测试结果表明:增加电解液中H~ 浓度,有助于乙醛酸的生成,主要表现为电能效率的提高;电解过程具有一适当电解周期;求得的乙醛酸理论分解电压E_d接近为一常数(-1.00v)。同时也探讨了乙醛酸分离的可行性。     

Coupling effect of the conductivities of Li ions and electrons by introducing LLTO@C fibers in the LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 cathode

To probe the coupling effect of the electron and Li ion conductivities in Ni-rich layered materials(LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2,NCA),lithium lanthanum titanate(LLTO)nanofiber and carbon-coated LLTO fiber(LLTO@C)materials were introduced to polyvinylidene difluoride in a cathode.The enhancement of the conductivity was indicated by the suppressed impedance and polarization.At 1 and 5 C,the cathodes with coupling conductive paths had a more stable cycling performance.The coupling mechanism was analyzed based on the chemical state and structure evolution of NCA after cycling for 200 cycles at 5 C.In the pristine cathode,the propagation of lattice damaged regions,which consist of high-density edge-dislocation walls,destroyed the bulk integrity of NCA.In addition,the formation of a rock-salt phase on the surface of NCA caused a capacity loss.In contrast,in the LLTO@C modified cathode,although the formation of dislocation-driven atomic lattice broken regions and cation mixing occurred,they were limited to a scale of several atoms,which retarded the generation of the rock-salt phase and resulted in a pre-eminent capacity retention.Only NiO phase“pitting”occurred.A mechanism based on the synergistic transport of Li ions and electrons was proposed.     

锂离子电池LiNiO_2正极材料的高温固相合成①及其影响因素研究

采用高温固相法合成了LiNiO2,XRD确定了合成物的结构,用SEM表征LiNiO2粉体的形貌.探讨了反应条件:包括原材料、Li/Ni摩尔比、烧结气氛和温度对产物结构和性能的影响,从而优化了LiNiO2的合成工艺.在空气中合成只能得到Li2Ni8O10相,在O2中才能得到LiNiO2相,所得LiNiO2的电化学性能明显优于所得Li2Ni8O10.合成电化学性能良好的LiNiO2需要稍过量的锂和在氧气中600℃恒温3h,720℃恒温6h,合成过程中得预热处理,解决了低温下反应速度慢,高温下易于烧结而难于控制产物粒径的问题.分析了采用固相配位法合成LiNiO2失败的原因.     

中温陶瓷燃料电池电解质与电极材料研究现状

对目前用作中温固体氧化物燃料电池的电解质材料和电极材料作了简要的综述。确定了今后的研究方向是以CeO2基和BaCeO3基电解质为主，并且研究与之相匹配的电极材料。     

PVDF与海藻酸钠黏结剂对石墨负极电化学性能的影响

应用循环伏安和恒电流充、放电等电化学方法,并结合微观测试技术对比了油性黏结剂（PVDF）和水性黏结剂（海藻酸钠）对石墨负极电化学嵌脱锂性能的影响．结果表明,黏结剂的种类对电极的电容、库效率、倍率充、放电性能以及电化学循环性能均有影响．     

Ce-doped LiNi1/3Co（1/3-x/3）Mn1/3Cex/3O2 cathode materials for use in lithium ion batteries

LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 and Ce-doped LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode materials were synthesized by a co-precipitation method and solid phase synthesis and characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results indicated that the resultant cathode materials with different Ce content all had a good layer structure and high crystallinity.Electrochemical performance testing of the cathode materials showed that the discharge capacity increased with increasing Ce content while the initial reversible capacity attenuation decreased with Ce doping.When the Ce content of the cathode materials is x=0.2,and the current charge and discharge rate is a constant 0.2 C,the discharge capacity maintained 91% of its initial capacity after cycling 50 times.     

铝合金变极性TIG焊熔池与阴极清理区视觉检测系统

基于铝合金变极性钨极惰性气体（TIG）焊接光谱分析,选择合适的滤波片和减光片,建立了在线检测铝合金变极性TIG焊熔池与阴极清理区的视觉检测系统,获得了清晰的熔池和阴极清理区图像,并且观察到了不同反极性比时熔池和阴极清洁区的变化,焊后对比结果表明,与通过视觉系统检测到的图像一致.此外,还得出了反极性比对阴极清理宽度和焊缝宽度的影响规律曲线,为优化焊接生产工艺提供了依据.     

一种用于工业废气处理的气体消毒管的设计

概述了工业废气处理的主要方法及其优缺点。利用研究高气压微空心阴极辉光放电的成果,设计了一款能够用于工业废气处理的气体消毒装置,对该装置的结构、工作原理和特点进行了详细的论述。实验结果表明:利用该装置对工业废气中的甲烷清除达到70,苯清除达到90,消毒效果相当好。     

辉光放电阴极区氮离子（N2^＋）的蒙特卡罗模拟

采用蒙特卡罗方法对氮气辉光放电等离子体阴极区离子（Ｎ２＾＋）的运输过程进行了。考虑了离子（Ｎ２＾＋）与慢分子（Ｎ２＾０）的电荷交换碰撞和弹性散射,利用由实验数据拟合得到了精确依赖于离子能量的电荷交换和动量输运截面,计算了阴极区中离子（Ｎ２＾＋）的能量分布及角分布的空间变化,并与实验结果进行了比较。     

阴极温度分布对发射本领测量的影响

对阴极电子学中测试用二极管的阴极丝进行了热特性分析.采用数值方法计算了常用基底W、Mo阴极金属丝在不同条件下的温度分布,同时首次给出了这两种材料在宽温区内导热系数、辐射系数的计算公式.对阴极温度的不均匀导致的发射电流偏差进行了计算分析,并首次得到了发射电流误差小于5%的阴极丝最小长度的计算公式.这些公式对圆筒形测试二极管几何参数的选取具有实际的意义.