Apoptosis of carrot nuclei inin vitro system induced by cytochrome c

The apoptosis of carrot nuclei induced in cytosol of carrot cells by cytochrome c is reported. This kind of cell-free apoptosis system of plant, CS-100, is an efficient In vitro inducing system. Several typical characteristics of apoptosis including chromatin condensation, margina-tion and apoptotic bodies could be detected, and the degradation of genome in carrot nuclei into nucleosomal fragments could be detected. TUNEL assay shows the specific breakage of 3'-OH ends of DNA strand. The results indicate that CS-100 is an efficient and easily-operated in vitro system to study the apoptotic mechanism in plant and the apoptosis in plant cells may share similar pathways to apoptosis in animal cells.     

气吸式排种器充种室种面调节装置的设计

为了提高气吸式排种器的充种效果及排种质量,在分析气吸式排种器结构和基本工作原理的基础上,设计了充种室种面调节挡帘,并改进了充种室结构。试验证明,该结构设计合理,能够有效改善种室内种子群结构,提高充种效果。     

胡萝卜冷冻干燥过程的优化及最佳工艺条件的确立

对胡萝卜进行了冷冻干燥实验,确定了胡萝卜条冻干工艺条件,计算了冻结终点温度、冻结时间、物料厚度,建立了胡萝卜爷冻干的传热传质模型,由模型计算出理论干燥时间,并与实验值进行了比较．探讨了冻结速率、升华温度、干燥室及捕水器温度、压强对干燥时间的影响．胡萝卜条冷冻干燥的适宜工艺参数为冻结时间1h,物料厚度15mm,干燥室真空度60Pa,捕水器压强45Pa,温度-50～-40℃,总干燥时间5h．     

Instrumental causes and the natural origin of souls in Antonio Ponce Santacruz's theory of animal generation

This article studies the theory of animal seeds as purely material entities in the early seventeenth-century medical writings of Antonio Ponce Santacruz, royal physician to the Spanish king Philipp IV. Santacruz adopts the theory of the eduction of substantial forms from the potentiality of matter, according to which new kinds of causal powers can arise out of material composites of a certain complexity. Santacruz stands out among the late Aristotelian defenders of eduction theory because he applies the concept of an instrument of direction developed by the medieval Avicenna commentator Gentile da Foligno and gives a novel turn to this concept by interpreting animal seeds as separate instruments. The article situates Santacruz's theory in the context of early modern debates about the concept of the eduction of forms, as well as in the context of early modern debates about the concept of separate instruments. Particular attention is paid to Santacruz's responses to the biological views of Julius Caesar Scaliger and Thomas Feyens. Santacruz's response to Scaliger turns out to be central for his explication of the eduction relation, and Santacruz's response to Feyens turns out to be central for his explication of the nature of instrumental causation.     

山楂核干馏油抑菌及杀菌作用的研究

测定了山楂核干馏油对5种主要的食物中毒菌：大肠杆菌、伤寒杆菌、痢疾杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓假单胞菌的抑菌、杀菌作用。结果表明：山楂核干馏油对这5种细菌的最小抑菌浓度(CMIC)为0．25％～0．5％，最小杀菌浓度(CMBC)为1．0％～2．0％；其杀菌效果与浓度及作用时间有着密切的关系，而且不同种细菌对山楂核干馏油的敏感性也有一定差异。     

胡萝卜红枣复合汁饮料的加工工艺研究

以胡萝卜、红枣为原料，利用正交试验设计，主要研究了枣汁浸提的最佳工艺条件以及最佳复合汁配方，并对枣汁的澄清和复合汁稳定进行了探讨．结果表明，最佳浸提条件是：干枣和水质量比为1：7，浸提温度70℃，pH值5．0，浸提时间8h；复合汁最佳配方为：复合汁含量70％，胡萝卜汁／枣汁(V／V)比6：4，糖度14％，柠檬酸量为0．10％；海藻酸钠用量为0．15％时稳定性最好。     

胡萝卜籽蛋白的提取工艺优化及性质研究

以胡萝卜籽为原料,采用碱提酸沉法对其中的蛋白质进行提取.通过单因素实验考察料液比、温度、pH值和时间对蛋白质提取率的影响,在此基础上通过正交实验优化出胡萝卜籽蛋白提取的最佳工艺条件,确定了胡萝卜籽蛋白最佳酸沉pH值,并对所提取的蛋白质功能性质进行了研究.结果表明:在料液比为1∶20、温度55℃、pH值为12.0、时间4 h的条件下,胡萝卜籽蛋白的提取率为42.23%,最佳酸沉pH值为4.5,吸水性为3.28 g·g~(-1),吸油性为3.09 m L·g~(-1),乳化性和起泡性相对较差.     

硫酸处理硬实种子效果研究（Ⅰ）

硬实种子，由于种皮的限制，发芽率很低。用一定浓度硫酸处理，可解除硬实，促进萌发。通过实验得出１５种硬实种子用硫酸处理的参考浓度和时间。     

葡萄籽饱和烃馏分中生物标志化合物分布特征

用柱色层族组成分离方法,将从葡萄籽抽提出的混合有机物经过双层柱层析,用不同性质的洗脱剂对其进行族组成分离,依次得到非极性(饱和烃馏分)、弱极性、极性3个馏分,再将这3个馏分分别GC/MSD进样分析,从饱和烃馏分中分析检测出正构烷烃、类异戊二烯烷烃、三环二萜烷、五环三萜烷及甾族5个系列58种生物标志化合物,分析研究了其分布特征,为生物标志化合物用于天然有机物的分析研究提供了参考.     

磁场处理对几种种子活力的影响

本文详细研究了磁场处理种子对黄瓜、番茄、水稻和小麦种子活力的影响。结果表明,磁场处理种子能提高种子活力,使种子发芽指数提高,电导率下降。