Intrinsic and extrinsic neural and neurohumoral control of the decapod heart

The intra-cardiac nervous system of the decapod heart is composed of large and small ganglionic cells (LGCs and SGCs) and axons of extrinsic cardio-acceleratory and-inhibitory neurons (CAs and CIs). Candidate neurotransmitters for the neurons have been determined by pharmacological, cytochemical and immunocytochemical tests. SGCs may be cholinergic, LGCs and CAs are probably dopaminergic, and CIs are GABAergic. Serotonin and octopamine were cardio-excitatory neuromodulators of the heart. Proctolin, crustacean cardio-active peptide (CCAP), red pigment concentrating hormone (RPCH), and FMRFamide also had modulatory actions on the heart. Proctolin was the most potent peptide, which acted primary on the cardiac ganglion. Insect adipokinetic hormones had little effect on the heart.     

Multiple roles of the DSCR1 (Adapt78 or RCAN1) gene and its protein product Calcipressin 1 (or RCAN1) in disease

The DSCR1 (Adapt78) gene¹ is transiently induced by stresses to temporarily protect cells against further potentially lethal challenges. However, chronic expression of the DSCR1 (Adapt78) gene has now been implicated in several pathological conditions including Alzheimer’s disease, Down syndrome and cardiac hypertrophy. Calcipressin 1 has been shown to function through direct binding and inhibition of the serine threonine protein phosphatase Calcineurin. Pharmacological inhibition of calcineurin, by the immunosuppressive drugs cyclosporin A and FK506, affects a wide variety of diseases. It is, therefore, likely that this endogenous calcineurin inhibitor, calcipressin 1, may also play a role in a variety of human diseases. ¹Please note that the mammalian DSCR1 gene is also called Adapt78 or RCAN1, and its protein products have been named Calcipressin1, MCIP1 and RCAN1. A proposal to adopt a single gene name of RCAN1 and a protein name RCAN1 (for Regulator of Calcineurin) has been endorsed by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee, but final approval must await agreement from a majority of researchers in the field. Received 2 March 2005; received after revision 27 May 2005; accepted 19 July 2005     

Antitumor effect of β-elemene in non-small-cell lung cancer cells is mediated via induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death

-Elemene is a novel anticancer drug, which was extracted from the ginger plant. However, the mechanism of action of -elemene in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unknown. Here we show that -elemene had differential inhibitory effects on cell growth between NSCLC cell lines and lung fibroblast and bronchial epithelial cell lines. In addition, -elemene was found to arrest NSCLC cells at G2-M phase, the arrest being accompanied by decreases in the levels of cyclin B1 and phospho-Cdc2 (Thr-161) and increases in the levels of p27^kip1 and phospho-Cdc2 (Tyr-15). Moreover, -elemene reduced the expression of Cdc25C, which dephosphorylates/activates Cdc2, but enhanced the expression of the checkpoint kinase, Chk2, which phosphorylates/ inactivates Cdc25C. These findings suggest that the effect of -elemene on G2-M arrest in NSCLC cells is mediated partly by a Chk2-dependent mechanism. We also demonstrate that -elemene triggered apoptosis in NSCLC cells. Our results clearly show that -elemene induced caspase-3, –7 and –9 activities, decreased Bcl-2 expression, caused cytochrome c release and increased the levels of cleaved caspase-9 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in NSCLC cells. These data indicate that the effect of -elemene on lung cancer cell death may be through a mitochondrial release of the cytochrome c-mediated apoptotic pathway.Received 12 January 2005; accepted 5 February 2005     

五指山小型猪心脏起搏器的放置

将体重为 2 4— 2 6kg的成年五指山小型猪 ,用于颈外静脉放置心脏起搏器的实验研究 ,结果表明此方法操作简单 ,起搏效果好 ,为建立理想的心衰模型提供了可靠的技术方法和措施 ,为小型猪的心衰模型系列开发利用奠定了良好基础。     

飞龙掌血水提物对正常猫 心功、血液动力学的影响

观察飞龙掌血（Ｔａｄｄａｌｉａ ａｓｉａｔｉｃａ Ｌａｍ）水提物（飞龙一号,Ｆ０１）对正常动物心脏功能和血液动力学的影响。方法：正常家猫麻醉后开胸,在人呼吸下观测用药前后动力的左心室内压、左室舒张末期压、心室内压变化速度、动脑海因压、心输出量和心率等各项参数的变化。结果：两种剂量（７３．５、１２７ｍｇ／ｋｇ）的Ｆ０１静脉注射后,显著降低,ＬＶＰ,ＴＰＶＲ,ＳＢＰ、ＤＢＰ、ＭＢＰ、ＬＶＷＩ、ＴＴＩ和     

我国审查逮捕制度的完善措施

我国现行的审查逮捕制度在法律层面和实践层面都存在着一定的缺陷,在审查的过程中层层审批,效率低下,且采取书面形式,证据来源单一,救济程序缺失.在既要打击犯罪又要保障人权的双重刑事诉讼目的下,应对现行审查逮捕制度从法律规定等多方面进行改革完善.     

黄芪丹参配伍提取物对受损心肌细胞能量代谢的影响

为证实以黄芪、丹参为代表的益气活血类中药可有效改善缺血性心肌能量代谢,通过原代心肌细胞在缺氧/复氧条件下复制模型后分为对照组、模型组、曲美他嗪组、黄芪、丹参配伍提取物高、中、低剂量组,并予以相应药物干预。结果表明:黄芪、丹参配伍提取物可减轻心肌细胞损伤、改善心肌细胞活力、增强心肌细胞中腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)、肝激酶B1(LKB1)和钙调素依赖性蛋白激酶的激酶β(Ca MKKβ)信号通路蛋白和基因的表达。可见益气活血类中药代表黄芪与丹参配伍使用具有调节脂代谢紊乱,增加心肌能量供给的良好作用。     

自适应遗传算法用于心肌细胞运动矢量检测

心肌细胞的搏动是一种弹性运动,通过对搏动过程中特征点的运动矢量检测,可以获得细胞收缩的生物力学特性．对数搜索、三步搜索等快速搜索算法都依赖于匹配误差单调减小这一假设,而这种假设在许多情况是不真实的,这就导致图象匹配仅仅收敛于某些局部优化值．在经典遗传算法的基础上,作者提出了自适应交叉算子扣变异算子,应用于柔性运动矢量检测．解决了心肌细胞序列图象特征点的运动矢量检测问题。     

胎儿心肌钙蛋白T(cTnT)基因的克隆和序列分析

人心肌钙蛋白T(cardiac troponin T,cTnT)可调节肌丝蛋白的Ca2 浓度,从而调节心脏肌肉收缩的肌钙蛋白复合体组成成分之一.在心力衰竭末期,cTnT再度表达.cTnT的mR-NA水平和其蛋白水平升高与心力衰竭密切相关.从正常流产胎儿心脏提取RNA,通过反转录获得cDNA,再利用PCR方法得到目的基因.序列分析证实,得到的基因是正确而特异的cTnT基因,不同人种的cTnT序列同源性很高,达99%以上.全序列有3个碱基与国外报道序列有差别,所编码氨基酸有2个不同.推测其区别可能是人种的差异或胎儿与成人发育期不同造成的.