内蒙古东北部林西组碳酸盐岩结核的成因及油气地质意义

内蒙古西乌珠穆沁旗哈日根台苏木地区上二叠统林西组深水外陆棚灰黑色泥页岩沉积中发育大量的碳酸盐岩结核。这些结核呈透镜状、结核状及丘状,在产状上与现代海底发育的及古代的冷泉碳酸盐岩极为相似。通过对碳酸盐岩结核的微观组构、物质成分和碳同位素特征的研究,发现碳酸盐岩结核中发育较多的气孔构造、生物化石及草莓状黄铁矿;碳、氧同位素结果显示碳酸盐岩结核的碳同位素存在明显的负偏,表明其中有有机来源的碳。这些特征与现代海底由于天然气渗漏形成的冷泉碳酸盐岩特征一致,因而推测研究区发育的碳酸盐岩结核为古代海底天然气渗漏形成的冷泉碳酸盐岩。这表明在林西组沉积时期,海底存在天然气水合物,可能与海底早期沉积的灰黑色泥页岩中甲烷的释放有关。烃源岩潜力分析也表明,研究区大量发育的灰黑色泥页岩具有一定的生烃潜力,林西组具有较好的油气勘探前景;但是由于地层时代较老,成岩作用及构造运动的影响,现今的勘探难度较大。     

基于非局部梁理论的嵌入式弯曲碳纳米管在移动载荷作用下的振动分析

基于非局部连续介质力学理论,针对嵌入式弯曲碳纳米管建立了两端简支的Euler-Bernoulli梁计算模型,研究碳纳米管在移动载荷作用下的非线性振动问题．利用Galerkin方法对运动微分方程进行近似处理,将原方程从非线性动力学系统转化到二阶动力学系统;对于二阶动力学方程采用Magnus级数方法进行求解;通过数值实验,分析了非局部参数因子,纳米管长径比,移动载荷速度,弯曲波纹幅值,弹性介质常数对碳纳米管振动特性的影响,结果表明上述因素对碳纳米管动力特性有很重要影响．     

纳米科学和碳基纳米技术

纳米科学是一个宏大的科学,纳米材料的种类很多,本文将众多的纳米材料归结为三大类,即天然纳米晶体材料、人工纳米结构材料和聚合物功能分子材料.重点评述了碳基纳米材料的发展,包括结构特征、光电性质及其在光电子科学技术中的应用,并对石墨烯作了详细介绍,特别强调了碳基纳米技术要在应用中发展及其重要性.     

CuO—ZnO／PF催化剂合成碳酸二甲酯的研究

介孔碳作为一类新型的非硅基介孔材料,在催化剂栽4#-应用方面具有广阔的前景．采用溶胶一凝胶法制备了CuO—zno／PF系列负载型催化刑,并应用于甲醇和二氧化碳直接合成碳酸二甲酯（DMc）．研究结果表明：以铜锌氧化物物质的量之比为2：1,650℃煅烧的催化剂在温度为320．5℃左右,压力为3．oMPa时催化性能最好,甲醇的转化率达87．78％,碳酸二甲酯的选择性达80．46％．     

Artificial neural network prediction of mechanical properties of hot rolled low carbon steel strip

Conventionally, direct tensile tests are employed to measure mechanical properties of industrially pro- duced products. In mass production, the cost of sampling and labor is high, which leads to an increase of total pro- duction cost and a decrease of production efficiency. The main purpose of this paper is to develop an intelligent pro- gram based on artificial neural network （ANN） to predict the mechanical properties of a commercial grade hot rolled low carbon steel strip, SPHC. A neural network model was developed by using 7 x 5 x 1 back-propagation （BP） neural network structure to determine the multiple relationships among chemical composition, product pro- cess and mechanical properties. Industrial on-line application of the model indicated that prediction results were in good agreement with measured values. It showed that 99.2 % of the products＇ tensile strength was accurately pre- dicted within an error margin of ~ 10 %, compared to measured values. Based on the model, the effects of chemical composition and hot rolling process on mechanical properties were derived and the relative importance of each in- put parameter was evaluated by sensitivity analysis. All the results demonstrate that the developed ANN models are capable of accurate predictions under real-time industrial conditions. The developed model can be used to sub- stitute mechanical property measurement and therefore reduce cost of production. It can also be used to control and optimize mechanical properties of the investigated steel.     

Preparation of Chitosan-g-PAMPS in H2O/scCO2 Inverse Emulsion

Chitosan(CS)was successfully modified in supercritical carbon dioxide(scCO2)by grafting method to enhance its water solubility.In this work,a three-arm star-like fluorinated polymer was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP)method and applied as a surfactant in supercritical carbon dioxide(scCO2).Then 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid(AMPS)was grafted onto CS(CS-g-PAMPS)in H2O/scCO2inverse emulsion.The effects of mass ratio of water and surfactants(R w/s)and pressure of scCO2on the grafting reaction were investigated.The grafting rate,particle size,and dispersity in water of CS-g-PAMPS varied greatly as R w/s and pressure of scCO2changed.It could be found that the value of R w/s at 12 and the pressure of scCO2at 30 MPa were the optimum conditions for the grafting reaction.CS-g-PAMPS prepared in this reaction system has higher grafting rate,smaller particle sizes,and better dispersity in water than those prepared via conventional methods.     

喷油策略及EGR对柴油机排放微粒中碳质组分的影响

采集增压直喷柴油机在不同喷油策略及废气再循环(EGR)率下排放颗粒物,使用IMPROVE(Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environment)协议热光反射法对其碳质组分进行试验研究.结果表明,推迟喷油提前角、降低共轨压力以及增加EGR率均能提高燃空当量比;当量比的上升增加了TC(Total Carbon)的排放,同时降低LowTemp EC (Elemental Carbon)/HighTemp EC比和OC(Organic Carbon)/EC比;OC组分中,挥发性OC1所占质量比例最高;EC组分中,HighTemp EC在低负荷时几乎不存在,而高负荷时相对较多.     

钛合金表面稀土碳纳米管薄膜制备及其摩擦磨损性能分析

使用稀土对碳纳米管进行表面修饰,采用自组装技术在医用钛合金表面制备稀土改性碳纳米管复合薄膜,采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）及X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）对稀土改性碳纳米管复合薄膜的形貌及组成进行表征,并使用UMT-2MT型动-静摩擦系数精密测定仪评价薄膜的摩擦磨损性能.结果表明：在钛合金表面能够制备出硅烷薄膜及稀土改性碳纳米管复合薄膜;稀土元素能显著改善碳纳米管的表面活性,并作为基底与碳纳米管的联接介质;稀土改性碳纳米管复合薄膜的摩擦系数约为0.13,减摩效果显著,且薄膜具有良好的耐磨性能.
     

广东省工业经济能源消费碳排放的LMDI分析

我国工业经济能源消费是碳排放的主要来源．以广东省为例,从碳排放总量和碳排放强度等指标分析了1990—2011年广东省工业经济能源消费碳排放的现状与特征;用LMDI分解技术,将广东省工业经济能源消费碳排放因素分解为能源结构效应、能源强度效应、经济增长效应和人口规模效应4种因素;定量分析表明：经济增长效应是广东省工业经济能源消费碳排放增长的主导促进因素,人口规模效应为次主导促进因素;能源强度效应是广东省工业经济能源消费碳排放增长的主导抑制因素,能源结构效应是次主导抑制因素．     

乐山市低碳旅游开发策略研究

低碳旅游是低碳经济环境下旅游业发展的必然趋势,是低碳经济的内在要求。乐山市是我国西部地区的著名旅游城市,拥有丰富的旅游资源,正大力实施低碳旅游发展战略。乐山市低碳旅游开发策略的研究为低碳旅游实践提供了现实性的理论支持,引领了低碳旅游的发展方向。乐山市低碳旅游发展策略主要包括政府支持、碳足迹测度、低碳专业技术人才培育、低碳旅游产品开发和推广绿色旅游等。