超声外场对SiCp/7085复合材料颗粒微观团聚与界面结合的作用机理

采用半固态混合-机械搅拌-超声施振的方法制备了体积分数为10%的SiCp/7085复合材料,通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜和X射线衍射对颗粒分布与界面进行研究,重点研究超声外场对复合材料颗粒团聚与界面结合的作用机理.实验结果表明:单纯机械搅拌对400目颗粒的团聚与界面结合的作用效果有限;超声外场下,空化作用产生的微射流与瞬时高温高压能够有效破除颗粒团聚体的包裹层,打散颗粒;超声破除颗粒表面氧化膜,除去气体层,使熔体中的镁元素与颗粒直接接触并反应是改善熔体与颗粒润湿性的重要因素;最终在界面处生成MgAl2O4强化相,从而获得更优的界面结合.     

钨酸钠与天然土状石墨在高温氩气氛围中的转化过程

以Na_2WO_4为钨源,天然土状石墨为碳源,研究二者在高温氩气气氛下的转化过程及规律,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及电子能谱(EDS)对产物进行分析。结果表明,Na_2WO_4与石墨的混合样品在氩气气氛下经高温处理,可以生成不同的碳钨化合物。首先,石墨与Na_2WO_4在接触界面发生还原反应,将Na_2WO_4还原为α-W2C和β-W2C;然后,随着石墨增多,当Na_2WO_4与石墨的质量比小于1:1时,石墨开始将α-W2C还原为α-WC,直至Na_2WO_4与石墨的质量比为1:5时,石墨可以将α-W2C完全转化为α-WC。     

Effect of vanadium carbide on commercial pure aluminum

The effect of vanadium carbide (VC) on the grain size of commercial pure aluminum was experimentally investigated by varying the content of VC, the holding time, and casting temperature. The refining efficiencies of VC and Al5Ti1B were also compared. The refined samples of commercial pure aluminum were examined using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results suggest that VC is a good refiner of commercial pure aluminum. The addition of only 0.3wt% VC can decrease the grain size of aluminum to 102 μm, whereas the casting temperature and holding time have little effect on the grain size. The refining efficiency of VC is better than that of Al5Ti1B. The VC particles in molten aluminum act as nuclei and the grain refinement of aluminum alloys by VC particles is achieved via heterogeneous nucleation.     

一种高残碳率树脂为碳质前驱体制备致密SiC陶瓷

以一种残碳率达到67％的树脂取代反应形成技术常用的糠醇树脂为碳质前驱体制备了致密SiC陶瓷。结果表明,制得的SiC陶瓷具有典型的形貌特征,由SiC、Si以及极少量的未反应的C组成。SiC陶瓷的密度及弯曲强度分别为3．04g·cm^-3和360．7MPa。碳质前驱体的取代依然保持了反应形成技术的主要特点,所以同样具有复杂形状、净成型能力。     

Preparation of β-SiC by combustion synthesis in a large-scale reactor

The feasibility of 5 kg β-SiC synthesized in one batch was demonstrated through igniting the mixture of Si, C-black and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) under different nitrogen pressures. The effect of experimental parameters, including the contents of PTFE, nitrogen pressure, preheating, and raw materials distribution forms were investigated. The results show that the products are β-SiC with equiaxed grains. The average grain size is less than 200 nm. The powders loaded loosely promote reaction heat dispersing, resulting in small grains. High purity β-SiC powders are obtained when the PTFE content is as low as 5wt%, which simplifies the process and decreases the cost effectively. The ceramic sintered from the obtained β-SiC powders presents the hardness of 22.20 GPa, the bending strength as high as 715.15 MPa and the fracture toughness of 8.179 MPa·m1/2, which are higher than those of ceramics fabricated with α-SiC produced by combustion synthesis.     

Closed circle DNA algorithm of change positive-weighted Hamilton circuit problem

Chain length of closed circle DNA is equal. The same closed circle DNA's position corresponds to different recognition sequence, and the same recognition sequence corresponds to different foreign DNA segment, so closed circle DNA computing model is generalized. For change positive-weighted Hamilton circuit problem, closed circle DNA algorithm is put forward. First, three groups of DNA encoding are encoded for all arcs, and deck groups are designed for all vertices. All possible solutions axe composed. Then, the feasible solutions axe filtered out by using group detect experiment, and the optimization solutions are obtained by using group insert experiment and electrophoresis experiment. Finally, all optimization solutions are found by using detect experiment. Complexity of algorithm is concluded and validity of DNA algorithm is explained by an example. Three dominances of the closed circle DNA algorithm are analyzed, and characteristics and dominances of group delete experiment axe discussed.     

硬质合金工具金刚石涂层渗硼预处理

采用固体粉末渗硼工艺,研究了ＹＧ６硬质合金刀片表面渗硼预处理对金刚石涂层的着力的影响。研究结果表明：ＹＧ６硬质合金刀片通过粉末固体渗硼,表面生成具有较好高温稳定性的、以ＣｏＢ为主的渗民支,克服了金刚石沉积中基底表面的钴的不利影响,使得经渗硼处理的ＹＧ６刀片试样金刚石涂层附着力优于浸预处理试样。     

碳化硅粘土质耐火制品气孔率的探讨

通过对有色冶金用碳化硅粘土质耐火砖的试验,得出了制品的不同性能指标。分析发现,合理地控制粘土组合的数量,碳化硅颗粒的组成,烧成温度、会明显地提高制品的气孔率,该结论能广泛应用于高性能耐火制品的研究和开发。     

高速钢中碳化物的化学染色显示

该文采用彩色金相化学染色技术显示淬火态，回火态与退火态的Ｗ１８Ｃｆ４Ｖ的高速钢中的碳化物，硒酸试剂使不同类型及其不同合金含量的碳化物以不同的色彩呈现。电子探针测试结果表明，常规金相以碳化物的形貌与大小作为碳化物类型的辨别依据是不够准确的。     

高铬铸铁-钢双金属缸套热处理研究

要使高铬铸铁－钢双金属缸套具有优良的性能，关键在于适宜的热处理工艺，对热 处理工艺参数进行了一系列实验表明：在９４０～９７０℃淬火；２００～２２０℃回火； ７２０℃退火，双全属缸套的性能最好。