Myosins from plants

Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of myosin genes from Arabidopsis thaliana and electron microscopic observation of a myosin from characean alga have revealed that overall structure of plant unconventional myosins is similar to that of the class V myosins. These plant unconventional myosins have two heads, a coiled-coil tail of varied length and a globular tail piece at the end. The tail piece is probably a site for membrane interaction. Characean myosin is of special interest because it can translocate actin filaments at a velocity several times faster than muscle myosin, which must have evolved to support the quick movement of animals in the struggle for their lives.     

Friction compensation design based on state observer and adaptive law for high-accuracy positioning system

Friction is one of the main factors that affect the positioning accuracy of motion system. Friction compensation based on friction model is usually adopted to eliminate the nonlinear effect of friction. This paper presents a proportional-plus-derivative (PD) feedback controller with a friction compensator based on LuGre friction model. We also design a state observer to observe the unknown state of LuGre friction model, and adopt a parameter adaptive law and off-line approximation to estimate the parameters of LuGre friction model. Comparative experiments are carried out among our proposed controller, PD controller with friction compensation based on classical friction model, and PD controller without friction compensation. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed controller can achieve better performance, especially higher positioning accuracy.     

无刷直流电机的神经网络控制器的仿真研究

提出了一种无刷直流电机的神经网络非线性跟踪器的设计方法。在无刷直流电机的高性能速度跟踪中，若仅采用传统的PID调节，则难以克服系统本身参数扰动所带来的转速偏差问题。本文采用双神经元网络的控制方法，一个用于辨识，一个用于控制，并在Matlab与Simulink下进行了仿真。文中提出一种易于应用自适应权值修正的方法，可以加大采样频率。仿真结果表明，这种方法可以在不影响控制精度的条件下，大大减秒计算量，有利于在线实现。     

运动信息的模拟方式对运动学习的影响

探讨了运动信息的不同模拟方式对运动学习的影响，３６名女大学生随机均分三组Ａ组的运动信息采用视觉模型，Ｂ组采用视觉模拟和语言模拟（１），Ｃ组采用视觉模拟和语言模拟（Ⅰ），（Ⅱ），其中语言模拟（Ｉ）是技术动作的详细语言描述，语言模拟（Ⅱ）是技术动作名称，运动学习的任务为初级剑术的４个技术动作，运动学习成绩的方差分析表明，对即时运动练习，Ｂ，Ｃ两组的成绩显著优于Ａ组，但Ｂ，Ｃ两组无显著差异，一周后的延迟     

Caffeine as a psychomotor stimulant: mechanism of action

The popularity of caffeine as a psychoactive drug is due to its stimulant properties, which depend on its ability to reduce adenosine transmission in the brain. Adenosine A₁ and A_2A receptors are expressed in the basal ganglia, a group of structures involved in various aspects of motor control. Caffeine acts as an antagonist to both types of receptors. Increasing evidence indicates that the psychomotor stimulant effect of caffeine is generated by affecting a particular group of projection neurons located in the striatum, the main receiving area of the basal ganglia. These cells express high levels of adenosine A_2A receptors, which are involved in various intracellular processes, including the expression of immediate early genes and regulation of the dopamine- and cyclic AMP-regulated 32-kDa phosphoprotein DARPP-32. The present review focuses on the effects of caffeine on striatal signal transduction and on their involvement in caffeine-mediated motor stimulation.Received 8 July 2003; received after revision 7 September 2003; accepted 6 October 2003     

一种新型智能化热继电器的设计与实现

基于PIC16F876单片机设计了一种电子式热继电器.它以检测到的三相电流值为依据,通过控制算法模拟热继电器的热记忆功能和反时限动作特性,可以在发生过载、三相不平衡、缺相等故障时实现对电机的保护.样机测试表明该继电器工作可靠、实时性好,而且容易实现.     

磁悬浮开关磁阻电机径向位置解耦及仿真研究

在深入分析磁悬浮开关磁阻电机(BSRM)径向力模型的基础上,针对BSRM径向位置两自由度上的相互耦合情况,采用反馈线性化方法进行了动态解耦,设计了解耦算法,并对解耦后的线性子系统进行了闭环设计。在Matlab7.0/Simulink环境下进行了整个径向位置控制系统的仿真建模。仿真结果显示,反馈线性化解耦可保证BSRM在径向两自由度上实现独立控制,且闭环系统具有良好的动、静态性能。     

永磁交流位置伺服系统串级复合滑模控制

针对某永磁同步电动机位置伺服系统负载力矩和转动惯量变化大、干扰力矩强的特点,以及统一滑模变结构控制速度限幅的难题,提出并设计了串级复合滑模变结构控制器.其中速度环通过增加积分环节来消除滑模控制的力矩抖动,位置环通过复合滑模控制的设计来消除稳态滑模控制的抖振.计算机仿真结果表明,该控制器不仅响应速度快、无超调、控制精度高,同时对负载扰动和系统参数摄动具有较强的鲁棒性.     

基于RBF神经网络在线辨识的永磁同步电机单神经元PID矢量控制

提出一种基于RBF神经网络在线辨识的永磁同步电机单神经元PID矢量控制新方法,该方法针对传统的PI调节器固定参数所造成的不足,利用具有自适应能力的单神经元PID调节器和RBF神经网络相结合,实现了参数在线辨识,转速在线控制.仿真结果表明该方法控制精度高,动态特性好,适合于永磁同步电机的速度控制.     

凝胶聚合物电解质MnO2/AC电容器的研究

采用液相氧化法制备了MnO2超级电容器电极材料,以MnO2为正极材料,活性炭(AC)为负极材料,丙烯腈作聚合物单体,碳酸二甲酯(DMC)与碳酸乙烯酯(EC)的混和液作增塑剂,高氯酸锂为支持电解质,采用内聚合法制备PAN基凝胶聚合物电解质MnO2/AC混合电容器.通过循环伏安、交流阻抗、恒流充放电等测试方法对混合电容器的电化学性能进行了测试.结果表明:混合电容器的工作电压为2.5 V,比容量为27.3 F/g(i=0.5 mA/cm2),比同电解质体系的AC/AC电容器提高约48.21%.