SPS预烧结制备超细晶梯度硬质合金

首先采用SPS预烧结和真空预烧结制备超细晶硬质合金,再经过梯度烧结使超细晶硬质合金表面形成梯度层,研究了不同预烧结方式对合金组织的影响,分析了预烧结后合金微观组织对超细晶硬质合金的梯度形成及晶粒生长的影响.结果表明,预烧结后合金的微观组织对梯度烧结后的梯度形成和晶粒生长有较大影响,经过SPS预烧结后的硬质合金进行梯度烧结后,可以获得梯度层厚度为 53μm,平均WC晶粒尺寸为0.3μm的超细晶梯度硬质合金.     

Deep cleaning of a metallurgical zinc leaching residue and recovery of valuable metals

Huge quantities of zinc leaching residues (ZLRs) generated from zinc production are dumped continuously around the world and pose a potential environmental threat because of their considerable amounts of entrained heavy metals (mainly lead). Most ZLRs have not been properly treated and the valuable metals in them have not yet been effectively recovered. Herein, the deep cleaning of a ZLR and recovery of valuable metals via a hydrometallurgical route were investigated. The cleaning process consists of two essential stages:acid leaching followed by calcium chloride leaching. The optimum conditions for extracting zinc, copper, and indium by acid leaching were a sulfuric acid concentration of 200 g·L-1, a liquid/solid ratio of 4:1 (mL/g), a leaching time of 2 h, and a temperature of 90℃. For lead and silver extractions, the optimum conditions were a calcium chloride concentration of 400 g·L-1, a pH value of 1.0, a leaching time of 1 h, and a temperature of 30℃. After calcium chloride leaching, silver and lead were extracted out and the lead was finally recovered as electrolytic lead by electrowinning. The anglesite phase, which poses the greatest potential environmental hazard, was removed from the ZLR after deep cleaning, thus reducing the cost of environmental management of ZLRs. The treatment of chlorine and spent electrolyte generated in the process was discussed.     

A high-level synthesis based dual-module redundancy with multi-residue detection （DMR-MRD） fault-tolerant method for on-board processing satellite communication systems

On board processing （OBP） satellite systems have obtained more and more attentions in recent years because of their high efficiency and performance.However,the OBP transponders are very sensitive to the high energy particles in the space radiation environments.Single event upset （SEU） is one of the major radiation effects,which influences the satellite reliability greatly.Triple modular redundancy （TMR） is a classic and efficient method to mask SEUs.However,TMR uses three identical modules and a comparison logic,the circuit size becomes unacceptable,especially in the resource limited environments such as OBP systems.Considering that,a new SEU-tolerant method based on residue code and high-level synthesis （HLS） is proposed,and the new method is applied to FIR filters,which are typical structures in the OBP systems.The simulation results show that,for an applicable HLS scheduling scheme,area reduction can be reduced by 48.26％ compared to TMR,while fault missing rate is 0.15％.     

Electrorheological effect of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag with different TiC contents at 1500℃

The electrorheological properties of CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–MgO–TiO2–TiC slags were investigated to enhance understanding of the effect of TiC addition on the viscosity, yield stress, and fluid pattern of Ti-bearing slags in a direct-current electric field. The viscosities and shear stresses of 4wt% and 8wt% TiC slags were found to increase substantially with increasing electric field intensity, whereas virtually no rheological changes were observed in the 0wt% TiC slag. The Herschel–Bulkley model was applied to demonstrate that the fluid pattern of the 4wt% TiC slag was converted from that of a Newtonian fluid to that of a Bingham fluid in response to the applied electric field; and the static yield stress increased linearly with the square of the electric field intensity.     

不同农药残留标准下家庭农场种植行为选择

文章建立了政府与家庭农场农户之间的博弈模型,探讨在不同农药残留标准下政府如何对生态种植行为进行激励.研究表明,在宽松的农药残留标准下,政府可通过征收农药税等方式提高农药成本来激励农户选择生态种植,生态补贴及超标罚款的效果不明显;在严格的农药残留标准下,当农产品抽查难度较大时,政府可选择降低检查概率,同时大幅度提高农药价格来增加农户使用生态种植的动机;当政府对农药成本控制力较低或农药价格增量的边际效益较小时,政府应提高其检查概率,同时提高对于农药残留超标的罚款及生态种植的补贴来激励农户使用生态种植.     

关于改性碳酸钙性能测试方法的探讨

详细介绍了力学性能测试、松散堆积密度法、萃取法测接枝率等改性碳酸钙性能测试法。讨论发现,3种方法的测试结果完全吻合,由此可证明松散堆积密度法、萃取法测接枝率也是行之有效的测试新方法。     

钙离子体系中显式阵发振荡随机共振

采用介观的化学朗之万方程研究了内噪音对于钙离子阵发振荡行为的影响.模拟结果显示,体系的信噪比值在某一内噪音强度下,即某一细胞体积下达到最大.这一行为与随机共振现象相似,称之为显式阵发振荡随机共振.若采用相关时间度量阵发振荡的相关性,则阵发振荡的相关时间也会在某一细胞体积下达到最大.     

模m二次剩余系之Wilson定理

主要研究了模m二次剩余系之Wilson定理,研究表明,若模m有原根,-1为模m的二次剩余,则模m的二次剩余系全体元素之积modm的同余数为-1;若不然,则模m二次剩余系全体元素之积modm的同余数为1。且模m二次非剩余系全体元素之积与二次剩余系全体元素之积modm的同余数相反。若m无原根,则模m二次剩余系全体元素之积与二次非剩余系全体元素之积modm的同余数相等。     

蜂蜜中多种有机磷农药残留的液相色谱串联质谱检测

针对敌百虫、敌敌畏和蝇毒磷为常用的防治蜜蜂天敌或虫害的有机磷农药杀虫剂,易在蜂蜜中产生残留,建立了蜂蜜中敌百虫、敌敌畏和蝇毒磷残留的液相色谱串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)同时测定方法。蜂蜜样品经乙酸乙酯提取、浓缩,用甲醇溶解残渣,液相色谱(LC)分离,电喷雾(ESI)-MS/MS多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,外标基体曲线定量。3种有机磷农药在20～500μg/L范围内线性响应良好,相关系数均大于0.994;获得的检出限均为0.1μg/kg,定量限均为4μg/kg。在加标浓度为10～40μg/kg范围内,平均回收率为78.5%～96.8%,相对标准偏差为9.1%～13.1%。     

海藻酸钙-活性炭纤维固定化生物小球的强化除苯性能

在传统海藻酸钙固定化过程中加入活性炭纤维作为改性载体,以苯系物(BTEX)降解菌为对象,制备了海藻酸钙-活性炭纤维固定化生物小球(MB),并研究了MB微观结构及强化除苯性能.结果表明:所制备的MB直径为2～4,mm,其表面通透、孔道致密,孔径均一(约为200,μm),并可多次重复应用.MB强化除苯过程主要是吸附和生物降解共同作用的结果,且去除速率呈现由快速到慢速两个阶段,均符合一级动力学规律.微生物接种量为6.89,mg/mL(包埋载体溶液)时,MB结构稳定性最好,强化除苯效果最佳.不同接种量条件下,苯生物降解的平均半衰期为64 h,高于游离态BTEX降解菌.