Comparative aspects of structure and action of molluscan neuropeptides

A number of neuropeptides were isolated from the ganglia and muscles of molluscs, and their actions were examined. Diverse neuropeptides, in addition to several classical neurotransmitters, were suggested to be involved in the regulation of the anterior byssus retractor muscle ofMytilus. A wide structural variety of members of theMytilus inhibitory peptide family was observed in each of the generaMytilus, Achatina andHelix. Gly-Trp-NH₂, the C-terminal dipeptide fragment of the neuropeptide AGPWamide, showed a more potent action than the parent peptide in all of the muscles examined. Peptides related to some molluscan neuropeptides were found to be distributed interphyletically. Some neuropeptides containing ad-amino acid residue were found inAchatina andMytilus. These aspects of molluscan neuropeptides are thought not to be exceptional.     

Effect of feeding cereal-legume diets to rats on in vitro absorption of45Ca

Summary The in vitro absorption of calcium from the duodenum was significantly less in a group of rats fed on a wheat diet than in a group fed a wheat and Bengal gram (7030) diet.     

C对Fe—20%Cr合金抗氧化性的影响

本文对不同含碳量的 Fe-20%Cr 合金进行了900℃静止大气气氛下的抗氧化实验,并测定了在此温度下的氧化动力学曲线.通过结合氧化膜表面微观形貌对氧化动力学曲线的分析,以及氧化膜下表层的微观分析等,指出随含碳量增加,氧化过程由良性的外部氧化转向恶性的内部氧化的过程及原因,并分析了合金中存在的两种主要类型的碳化物对氧化过程的影响.为高温磨损工况下材料的选择提供了一定的理论依椐.     

细胞内游离钙的荧光测定

由于细胞内游离钙浓度是重要的生理指标之一,所以重点在测定细胞内游离钙的技术要求、影响测定的重要因素、钙的荧光试剂以及新进展四个方面叙述。实验证明Ｗａｚｏ－１试剂对细胞无毒性,与钙反应迅速、灵敏及选择性高,细胞内游离钙的荧光测定快速准确。但是,荧光试剂的合成路线较长,还需要改进。     

WC—Co硬质合金刀片热丝法金刚石薄膜涂层附着力

用热丝法研究了ＷＣ－６％Ｃｏ硬质合金刀片金刚石薄膜涂层附着力。结果表明：采用温度为８０℃,（ＨＣｌ：ＨＮＯ３：Ｈ２Ｏ）（体积比）为１∶１∶１溶液对硬质合金刀片表面去Ｃｏ１５ｍｉｎ后,经４０ｕｍ金刚石粉及１．５ｕｍ金刚石加２０ｕｍＴａＣ混合粉进行超声预处理,结果表明,沉积的金刚石薄膜与硬质合金刀片基底具有良好的附着力,而经４０ｕｍ金刚石粉处理的薄膜涂层组织与附着力要好一些。     

Effect of calcium ions on the secondary structures of photosystemⅡ and its relations with photoinhibition

Calcium ions play an important role in the oxygen_evolving process of photosystem Ⅱ as demonstrated in many experiments. The changes of the secondary structures of PS Ⅱ induced by the depletion of Ca 2+ were reported. The results indicated that the removal of Ca 2+ led to the transition of α helix to turns and sheet structures. While Ca 2+ was re_added to the media, only the structures changed to turns could be recovered. The protein conformational changes of PS Ⅱ during the donor side photoinhibition induced by the depletion of Ca 2+ were also studied. This showed that the protein conformational changes differed between the control and Ca 2+ _depleted samples in a short period of illumination (within 10 min). However, the changes became similar when the illumination time was increased.     

多晶3C-SiC薄层的淀积生长及结构性能分析

采用ＨＦＣＶＤ生长法,以较低生长温度,在Ｓｉ（１１１）衬底上淀积３Ｃ－ＳｉＣ（１１１）薄层。用ＸＲＤ、ＶＡＳＥ、ＸＰＳ等分析手段研究了薄层的结构、光学常数、组分及化学键等性能。ＸＲＤ显示薄层具有明显的择优取向特征。ＶＡＳＥ测量出薄层的折射率为２．６８６,光学常数随深度的变化曲线反映出薄层的多层结构。ＸＰＳ深度剖面曲线表明薄层中Ｓｉ／Ｃ原子比符合ＳｉＣ的理想化学计量比,其能谱证明Ｃ１ｓ与Ｓｉ２ｐ成键形成具有闪锌矿结构的３Ｃ－ＳｉＣ。     

固相萃取技术在环境中农药残留分析的研究进展

农药在环境中的广泛应用以及农药残留分析的困难，使得环境中农药的残留分析成为国际上环境科学研究的前沿和热点.固相萃取法（SPE）因高效、可靠、易实现自动化等优点，适用于农药残留物分析.本文对固相萃取的基本原理、影响因素和应用进展等方面进行了详细的阐述，就农药的检测方法（如LC、GC）做了总结概括.最后提出固相萃取在环境领域中农药残留分析的发展趋势是使用SPE-HPLC对极性差异很大，酸碱性范围很广的各种农药的多残留分析。     

颗粒级配对SiC-Si复相陶瓷材料摩擦性能的影响

采用SiC颗粒级配的方法形成了SiC-Si复相陶瓷材料,研究颗粒级配SiC-Si的组织结构及其对SiC-Si复相陶瓷干摩擦磨损性能的影响.结果表明,采用SiC颗粒级配方法能明显改善SiC-Si复相陶瓷材料的干摩擦磨损性能.粗细颗粒间的级配具有相互强化的作用,并且有利于光滑摩擦表面的获得与稳定;同时可提高复相陶瓷对断裂磨损的抗力.     

超声波法合成三烷基硼及其裂解制备碳化硼

在超声波作用下采用一步合成法分别制备三乙基硼、三丙基硼和三丁基硼;考察超声波作用对合成产物产率的影响,用红外光谱及元素分析表征合成产物的结构;以合成的三乙基硼、三丙基硼和三丁基硼为原料通过热裂解制备纯度较高的碳化硼超硬材料;讨论不同原料和裂解温度对合成产物中C含量的影响.研究结果表明:以三乙基硼为原料在温度为1 400K进行裂解时,其裂解产物中B4C,B2O3和裂解自由碳的含量分别为94.0%,2.2%和3.8%.