Compensatory caspase activation in MPP+-induced cell death in dopaminergic neurons

Many have hypothesized that cell death in Parkinsons disease is via apoptosis and, specifically, by the mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic pathway. We tested this hypothesis using a mouse dopaminergic cell line of mesencephalic origin, MN9D, challenged with the Parkinsonism-causing neurotoxin MPP⁺ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion). Apoptosis was the main mode of cell death when the cells were subjected to MPP⁺ treatment under serum-free conditions for 24 h. Caspase-3 and caspase-9, however, were not activated, thus indicating the existence of alternate or compensatory cell death pathway(s) in dopaminergic neuronal cells. Using caspase inhibitors, we demonstrated that these pathways involve caspase-2, –8, –6 and –7. A time-course study indicated that activation of caspase-2 and –8 occurred upstream of caspase-6 and caspase-7. Upon MPP⁺ challenge, the apoptosis-inducing factor was translocated from the mitochondria into the MN9D cytosol and nucleus. These results suggest the existence of alternative apoptotic pathways in dopaminergic neurons.Received 20 September 2004; received after revision 5 November 2004; accepted 22 November 2004     

固相挤出自增强聚丙烯的性能与结构研究

通过优化口模流场的拉伸应变速率,利用柱塞式挤出机（名义拉伸比为18.48）,在低于聚丙烯（PP）熔点的145~155 ℃区间,固相挤出了自增强PP片材,拉伸强度大幅度提高,在挤出温度155 ℃时达到最大值378 MPa,比熔融挤出试样的强度提高了10倍多.研究了挤出工艺的影响,在155 ℃时固相挤出平均速率最高,试样的真实拉伸比也最大.采用DSC、XRD、SEM表征了自增强聚丙烯地微观结构和断口形貌,结果表明,自增强PP的结晶度明显提高,155 ℃固相挤出的PP结晶度提高了1倍,具有更高的热稳定性,片材中     

基于软件无线电的调频立体声激励器的设计与实现

与传统采用模拟方式实现调制解调技术相比,全程数字化处理的调制器对信号处理的精度以及设备稳定性都有很大的提高.笔者在自行开发基于DSP FPGA DDS(带有IQ调制通道)结构的通用数字调制平台上,采用正交调制的方式实现了全数字调频激励器,这样避免了使用模拟方式造成的射频输出稳定性和同一性的下降,同时由于带有IQ调制通道的DDS对采样频率的内插提升,射频输出也无需再附加复杂的跟踪滤波器.     

物元运算多义性研究

提出物元运算多义性概念,给出了Ｃ－幂、Ｃ－根两个定义,并讨论了它们的一般性质。     

h-1保持各种独立语言的条件

设h：X＊→X＊是同态映射,主要研究了h-1保持各种独立语言的条件.得到了h-1保持ρc-独立语言,ρd-独立语言以及ρb-独立语言的充分必要条件都是h-1（1）={1}.此外,证明了若h：X＊→＊是同态映射,则h-1保持ρe-独立语言.     

A simulation study on the thermal and wetting behavior of alkane thiol SAM on gold (111) surface

Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to investigate the structural,thermal and wetting properties of self-assembled monolayer(SAM) of alkane thiol on gold surface.The specific heat capacity of the gold SAM surface was found to linearly increase with the temperature in the range 100–300 K.It was found to drop down at 400 K and this decrease might be attributed to the disorder of the SAM chains.Hydration of gold SAM surface for two different terminal groups,namely methyl(hydrophobic),and hydroxy(hydrophilic) was studied at room temperature.The difference in their wetting behavior and the structure of their interfacial water were examined from the estimation of the z density profile,radial distribution function,hydrogen bonds and orientation of water dipoles in the interfacial region.The present simulation results suggest that the wetting behavior of the gold SAM surface can be modified by altering the terminal functional group of the SAM chains.     

甲基异柳磷气相色谱定量法

甲基异柳磷原油用气相色谱法测定,其色谱条件如下:不锈钢柱1m×3mm、柱内填充物为5%OV-3涂于ChromosorbW-HP60—80目担体,以氮气作载气,柱温190℃,用氢火焰检测器,癸二酸二正丁酯作内标,测定误差<±1.2%.     

KM小鼠与BALB／c小鼠五项免疫学指标的初步观察

采用五种免疫功能测定法对８３２只健康ＫＭ小鼠和８３只ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠进行免疫学功能指标的测定,结果表明ＣｏｎＡ诱导小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化能力ＯＤ值分别为０．０１４８－０．０１９２和０．０１２０１～０．０２０６,二硝基氟苯诱导小鼠迟发型变态反应（耳肿胀法）小鼠耳重差分别为１０．３９～１２．１７ｍｇ和１１．４６８～１６．２３４ｍｇ;血清溶血素抗体积数分别为７８．９８～９１．３０和１０６．７３～１１６．０７     

基于核方法的分类型属性数据集模糊聚类算法

针对分类型属性数据的聚类问题．将核方法的思想推广到快速、高效率的模糊c-均值算法,构造了基于核函数的模糊核c-均值聚类算法．该算法通过使用经验核矩阵充分利用了数据间的“相异性”信息,并且避免了模糊k-modes算法中每次迭代均要直接计算类中心的缺点,提高了聚类的精确度和稳定性．同时该算法对模式(类中心)的初始值选择不敏感．时实际的线性可分的和线性不可分的分类型属性数据集的仿真实验证明了该算法的有效性．