我国锋的消长区

锋生(锋消)在天气学和气候学方面是一个重要问题。本文用OT_(1000)~(700)代表对流层下部的热力场,用850hpa风场代表对流层下部气流场,我们采用S.Petterssen锋生函数公式(F=d/(dt)|▽s|)计算20°—50°N,75—125°E范围内250km×250km网格点上1、4、7、10月的锋生函数值F。同时统计了1960—1969年通过上述区域各季中月的实际锋发生频数,两者作对比分析,用以说明我国冬夏春秋四季锋生(消)和实际锋频数的分布。     

Spiral rainband in a numerically simulated tropical cyclone

Spiral rainband is a prominent structure of tropical cyclone. Though its forming mechanism, vortex Rossby wave theory, has been widely accepted in recent years,its internal structural features are still not well known. The spiral rainband in the severe tropical storm Kammuri (2002),which caused heavy rainfall in southeast China, is simulated using the mesoscale model MM5 (V3). Results show that the simulated spiral rainband propagates azimuthally at a speed close to that of vortex Rossby wave in theory, and is accompanied with energy dispersion in the radial direction. The structural features of simulated spiral rainband are analyzed with the high-resolution model output including the full physical process. Positive vorticity, ascending motion, horizontal momentum and so on are highly concentrated in the spiral rainband. The convergent moisture of spiral rainband comes mostly from the planetary boundary layer under 1 km.Airflow from the outside of spiral rainband is convective instability, which can provide instability energy for convection development. However, the atmospheric stratification in the inside of spiral rainband is neutral, implying that the instability energy has been released. There is a mesoscale strong wind band just near the spiral rainband in the outer side with a maximum wind speed exceeding 30 m/s, which results from the pressure force acceleration when the air flows into the spiral rainband along the gradient of pressure.     

气幕旋风排风罩流场的数值模拟

利用Fluent软件对气幕旋风排风罩流场进行了模拟,采用标准k-ε紊流模型,以同一速度不同角度进行送风,得到各自流场的速度矢量和压力值。     

云南降水场与太平洋海温场典型相关分析

 利用典型相关理论分析云南省5月份降水场与头年5月至当年4月各月太平洋热带海温距平场之间的关系,得出一些有意义的结果.并通过1994～1995年的预报,效果较理想.     

重介质旋流器分选机理研究

物料分选过程 ,是整个体系能量降低的过程 ,从这一原理出发 ,不同性质的固体颗粒在重介质旋流器中将位于不同的位置 ,使不同性质的固体颗粒得以分离。固体颗粒在重介质旋流器中的运动轨迹大体呈圆锥螺旋线形状 ,实测出的密度线验证了该结论     

回转分离器内气固两相流的理论分析

详细地推导了回转分离器内颗粒的运动方程,对分离器内颗粒的运动轨迹.特别是在考虑颗粒形状对阻力影响的情况下作了一定程度的计算,将计算结果与球形颗粒运动轨迹进行了比较,并作了适当的分析.此外,还较为详细地介绍了此类问题的数值求解方法.     

福建沿海前鳃类区系的研究

本文记述了福建沿海前鳃类185种,分隶于44科,101属.其中一种系国内首次报道,福建沿海前鳃类以热带、亚热带性质占绝对优势,基本上属于印度——西太平洋区系。     

广西热带北界的确定

热带北界的划分实质上是地球表面地理系统中自然区域（地带）的划分，所采用的区划指标必须全面地反映自然区域的综合性、整体性和渐变性特征。本文运用详尽的景观观测资料，分析了广西自然植被、农业景观、土壤等典型景观的空间变化，确定出热带具体北界：东起梧州浔江谷地北缘，沿大瑶山东南部，经莲花山、大明山、武鸣盆地北缘山地，向西接右江和红水河分水岭，到田林一带与金钟山（云贵高原）相连。     

加热过程对热带气旋生成的数值试验

用Pielke等的中尺度两维原始方程数值模式研究海气相互作用和其它非绝热加热过程对热带气旋生成的作用。进行了7种数值试验,即:(1)只考虑无云情况下的辐射加热作用;(2)考虑辐射加热和不均匀的云量效应;(3)只考虑海气交界面上的潜热和感热通量;(4)大尺度凝结、对流调整、辐射和洋面上潜热感热输送;(5)积云对流凝结加热和云天辐射;(6)积云对流凝结加热和洋面上的潜热感热通量;和(7)积云对流凝结加热、洋面上的潜热、感热通量和云天辐射等全部加热过程。 结果表明:积云对流凝结加热对热带气旋的生成起最重要的作用,大尺度凝结加热和对流调整趋于使低压填塞,而洋面上的潜热、感热通量也起不可缺少的作用。     

Relationship between the tropical cyclone genesis over the Northwest Pacific and the sea surface temperature anomalies

Using the tropical cyclone (TC) data derived from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and the sea surface temperature data derived from the Joint Environmental Data Analysis Center (JEDAC) at the Scripps Institute of Oceanography from January 1955 to December 2000, we analyzed the relationship between the TC genesis over the Northwest Pacific (NWP) and the sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) over the Pacific basin. A long-term trend indicated that the highest frequency of monthly TC genesis appeared earlier and the annual genesis sum increased gradually during the last half century with some oscillations. No significant synchronous correlation was found between the NWP TC events and the SSTA over the Pacific basin, while the annual sum of TC genesis was closely related with the SSTA averaged from the first three months (January, February and March) of the year in the equatorial western and eastern Pacific and over mid-high latitudes of the North Pacific. The results implied that there are an interannual El Nio SSTA mode in the equatorial western and eastern Pacific and an interdecadal SSTA mode in the northern Pacific, which affected the TC genesis. A regression analysis between the first three-month SSTA and the annual TC sum based on two time scales was conducted. The correlation coefficient between simulated and observed TC sums reached a high value of 0.77.