Marked differentiation in a new species of dwarf stonebasher,Pollimyrus cuandoensis sp. nov. (Mormyridae: Teleostei), from a contact zone with two sibling species of the Okavango and Zambezi rivers

We studied the systematic status of a form of Pollimyrus of the lower Kwando River that is flanked by the Okavango River, inhabited by Pollimyrus castelnaui (Boulenger, 1911), and the Zambezi River, inhabited by Pollimyrus marianne Kramer et al., 2003. In morphology and electric organ discharges (EODs), the Kwando phenotype proved well differentiated from both P. castelnaui and P. marianne. Sequence analysis of the cyt b gene confirmed that the three forms or species form a monophyletic clade, with P. castelnaui sister to the other two species. Genomic fingerprinting with ISSR-PCR confirmed differentiation of the Kwando form, that we recognize as a different species, P. cuandoensis sp. nov., from its sister species, P. marianne. A considerable amount of EOD and morphological variation was revealed among samples of P. cuandoensis sp. nov. from four different locations on the lower Kwando River, possibly due to hybrid introgression. This seems an ideal system for testing theories of parapatric speciation. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FB644B21-04F6-44F8-AEB6-8DC09268C17C     

微夹钳传动分析

以压电驱动式微夹钳为例进行微夹钳传动系分析，按传统的静力平衡和机构运动几何关系及柔性铰假设方法推导出其速比和转角简化计算公式，将该简化公式计算结果与实测结果比较表明，计算值与实测值相比误差较大，说明按这种传统方法推导出的简化计算公式是不适用的。因此，根据实测结果按曲线拟合方法给出修正的该简化计算公式，其计算结果与实测值相近。     

试论社会主义和谐社会构建中的大众媒介角色

现代社会已经成为大众化社会,与大众媒介关系密切,媒介凸现多样性功能:耳目喉舌性与社会公器性,社会联系的参考架构;大众媒介在社会价值体系建构中扮演着引导角色、在社会利益群体纷争中扮演着整合角色、在社会极端细分中扮演着中介角色,因此,在和谐社会构建中大众媒介责任与自律显得尤为重要,应该重塑媒介的社会责任观、媒介的大众观、媒介的传播效果观、媒介的社会和谐观。     

一种孟氏虫Menziesia sp. 的扫描电镜观察

扫描电镜观察显示：孟氏虫呈长椭圆形,背腹扁平,具1对吸盘样前吸器,前吸器之后为口咽,生殖孔在虫体左侧边缘处．后吸器盘状,无柄,内具3对中央大钩和7对边缘小钩,边缘膜由柱状细胞组成．体表皮褶不明显,腹面体表具感觉乳突和体棘;背面体表密布颗粒状突起．     

复配益生菌添加剂对青脚麻鸡性能指标的影响

文章选用高产纤维素酶的蜡样芽孢杆菌BC1(Bacillus cereus1)、高产蛋白酶的蜡样芽孢杆菌BC2(Bacillus cereus 2)、枯草芽孢杆菌BS3(Bacillus subtilis)、地衣芽孢杆菌BL4(Bacillus licheniformis)、啤酒酵母SC5(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)以及黄山毛峰超细茶粉制备复配益生菌饲料添加剂A、B、C、D,并研究不同组别的复合复配益生菌添加剂对青脚麻鸡胴体性能、器官指数及肠道菌群的影响。结果表明,添加复配益生菌添加剂的青脚麻鸡的生长性能、器官指数和肠道菌群都较对照组有所提高,B菌剂综合作用最好,其平均日增重提高了6.05%,料重比降低了7.18%,胸肌滴水损失率降低了16%,肠道乳酸菌总菌数提高了5倍。添加含有茶粉的益生菌菌剂组与未添加茶粉组别相比,其肠道有益菌数量有极大提高,说明茶粉可以促进有益菌在肠道的定植,有利于维持麻鸡肠道菌群平衡。     

复方中药对内毒素引起的小鼠死亡率和多器官损伤的影响

目的：寻找有效的中药复方防治内毒素性多器官功能衰竭,降低内毒素血症小鼠的死亡率。方法：将四逆加人参汤、黄连解毒汤、参附青、参附青加丹参及清热解毒理气活血方药按常规方法煎制成药液(每毫升含1g生药),以小鼠为实验对象,灌胃给药,3d后腹腔注射内毒素,观察小鼠生存率和肺、肝、肾、肠的病理变化。结果：与正常对照组(72h生存率为100％,n=20)比较,腹腔注射内毒素组小鼠72h生存率(42％,n=26)明显降低;四逆加人参汤、黄连解毒汤、参附青均不能提高内毒素血症小鼠生存率,而参附青加丹参反而降低内毒素血症小鼠生存率(72h生存率为8％,n=13)。清热解毒理气活血方药防治组小鼠72h生存率(68％,n=34)明显高于内毒索组(26％,n=38),组织学观察显示肺、肝、肾、肠的病理变化明显减轻。结论：清热解毒理气活血方药能防治内毒素引起的多器官损伤,提高内毒素血症小鼠生存率。     

Intraspecific variation in integumental pore signatures in the genus Pleuromamma (Copepoda: Calanoida)

Intraspecific variation in the pore signature of calanoid copepods is evident between individuals within a single geographical area (within-sample variation) and between different geographical area (geographical variation). Previous studies, however, have tended to consider only geographical variation, neglecting within-sample variation; thus the question remains on how representative the data are of biogeographic divergence within a species. Eight species of the metridinid genus Pleuromamma are examined and the extent of intraspecific variation in pore signatures is assessed here in terms of within-sample variation. In general, the degree of intraspecific variation increases with increasing number of the total integumental pores and is limited to 10% or less of the total. Intraspecific variation reflects not only genetic variability within a species but also genetic similarities between the species within a genus. This paper also re-examines published data on intraspecific variation in pore signatures. Samples as small as five individuals will identify >95% of potential sites of pores.     

The myrmecophilous organs of larvae of the small blue,Cupido minimus (Lepidoptera; Lycaenidae)

Larvae of the lycaenid butterfly Cupido minimus have been examined using scanning electron microscopy following critical-point drying. They were found to possess both dorsal organs and pore cupolae, organs associated with myrmecophily. These results are compared with those of earlier authors and their significance discussed.     

莜麦结实器官分化的研究

本文以青海省优质莜麦品种L94为材料,研究了高寒地区夏莜麦结实器官的分化与外部形态的相关性以及裁培措施对莜麦产量因素的影响。在此基础上,确定了夺取莜麦丰产的“最佳”播种、施肥和灌水时间。     

大熊猫雄性生殖器官元素EDS分析

应用扫描电镜及ｘ－射线能谱仪，对大熊猫雄性生殖器官的曲细精管４个区域、附睾头、附睾体、附睾尾、输精管及输精管壶腹各一个区域的１５种元素进行了测定，其中，常量元素６种，微量元素９种。依据典型图谱对各采谱区域内的元素含量变化作了定量计算。以Ｚｎ为基准对几种与生殖机能密切相关的元素作了对比分析。其中配种能力好精子数量多，精液质量优良，使雌兽受孕产仔率高的“强强”，其微量元素Ｚｎ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｕ、ｃａ、Ｋ的相对含量较高，特别是Ｚｎ的含量显著增高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。