Immunocytological evidence for the presence of vertebrate FSH and LH-like substances in the brain and thoracic ganglion of the swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus

Investigating the distribution of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in the swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus, helps in the understanding of its reproductive regulation mechanism. This study has detected the location of vertebrate FSH- and LH-like substances in the brain and the thoracic ganglion mass with immunocytochemical techniques. Their immunoreaction is very weak or negative during the immature period and the post-spawning period, while it is stronger in the mature period. Localization of FSH-like immunoreactive cells resembles that of LH-tike cells. These immunoreactive cells were observed chiefly in the anterior median cell-cluster of the protocerebrum with stronger immunostaining. There were only a few in the inboard cell-cluster of the olfactory lobe of the deutocerebrum and the posterior cell-cluster of the tritocerebrum. Immunoreactive cells were located in all the three ganglia in the thoracic ganglion mass. These results indicated that substances resembling the vertebrate FSH and LH exist in P. trituberculatus, and their expression has some correlation with the developmental stage of ovaries, thus they might engage in the ovary development and ovulation.     

金乌贼视神经节蛋白质组分离方法的初步研究

选用TCA/丙酮沉淀法、缓冲液法、柱层析法、裂解液法和裂解液-超速离心法分别提取金乌贼视神经节蛋白质,其中蛋白质得率较高的方法有裂解液-超速离心法、裂解液法,其次为TCA/丙酮沉淀法.经双向凝胶电泳分离,并采用Melanie 4 Trial软件统计蛋白质斑点数目.发现pH 5~8范围的载体两性电解质适合于分离视神经节蛋白质组,其电泳图谱中多数蛋白质斑点清晰可见,显示出高分辩率、重复性好和易取样供质谱分析的优点,适合于开展视神经节蛋白质组学研究.裂解液-超速离心法是金乌贼视神经节最佳蛋白质提取方法.     

大鼠背根神经元中Ca2+的激光共聚焦显微成像与定量分析

成功实现体外培养背根神经元(Dorsal Root Ganglion,DRG),利用差速贴壁法进行提纯,通过细胞免疫荧光技术鉴定所培养的细胞纯度,发现其纯度高达90%,完全适合运用于细胞分子机理研究.在此基础上,采用激光共聚焦显微成像实验观察DRG内的Ca2+荧光信号,并对Ca2+浓度进行了定量分析.研究结果有助于深入探究和定量分析神经元中Ca2+参与特定的细胞生理功能.     

视网膜神经节细胞非经典感受野及其方位倾向性的模型研究

建立了包含无长突细胞相互抑制网络的视网膜神经节细胞的三层网络模型,以验证李朝义等提出的非经典感受野可能源于无长突细胞相互抑制的假说,并探讨神经节细胞感受野的方位倾向性的可能机制．模拟结果表明,通过无长突细胞之间的相互抑制可以形成神经节细胞的非经典感受野．模型模拟了神经节细胞的中心区和大周边区的方位倾向性及其相互作用,结果提示神经节细胞的方位倾向性可能主要源于神经节细胞树突野的空间分布．     

Nerve regeneration factor promotes nerve regeneration in rat

Nerve regeneration factor (NRF) extracted from an oral liquid of traditional Chinese medicine, as a nerve growth decoction has been reported by previous studies to exert effects of promoting nerve growth and preventing neuron apoptosis. For new insights into the function of NRF on primary cultured neurons, we investigated the neurite outgrowth in cultured rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) explant treated with NRF by immunofluorescence and the gene and protein expressions of neurofilament-H(NF-H) and growth associated protein 43 (GAP43) in the cultured rat DRG neurons by real-time quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. In addition, we used a rat model of sciatic nerve crush to evaluate the effect of NRF on regeneration of injured sciatic nerve by a combination of walk track analysis, electrophysiological and histological assessments. The in vitro experiments indicated that NRF promoted the neurite growth of DRGs and the expression of NF-H and GAP43 at mRNA and protein levels in DRG neurons, and in vivo experiments showed that NRF improved peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery.     

Vagal afferent innervation of the pylorus and the uper small intestine studied in the rat with the horseradish peroxidase technique

Summary The neuronal tracer horseradish peroxidase was injected into different segments of the gastrointestinal in the rat, in order to study the vagal afferent innervation. In the nodose ganglia the extent of labeling was greater in the experiments on the gastric antrum and pylorus than in the experiments on the first part of the small intestine. Vagal afferents are scarce in the upper doudenum and originate mainly from the left nodose ganglion.     

前列腺素E1,锌离子对大鼠感觉神经元的保护作用

目的探讨环化酶激活剂(AdenyIate cyclase activator)对周围神经损伤后感觉神经元存活和变性的影响.方法大鼠坐骨神经夹毁模型、分组,术后每d分别局部注射一定剂量的PGE1,hβNGF,共14 d.另一组从术前10 d开始喂以高锌饲料各组术后21 d取背根节(DRG)制片染色,用图像分析法观测PGE1和锌对DRG细胞数、核偏心率和核等圆径的影响,以人胎盘神经生长因子(hβNGF)作阳性对照.结果锌显著降低感觉神经元的死亡率,显著减轻核偏移、抑制核等圆径增大,与NGF组相比,P＞0 05.PGE1也明显减少神经元死亡,与夹毁组相比,P＜0 05结论神经损伤后锌促进感觉神经元存活和减轻细胞变性的保护作用与NGF无差别.PGE1对感觉神经元的保护作用不及NGF和锌.     

Vagal afferent innervation in regenerated rat liver

Summary The possible presence of neural sprouting in the afferent neurons of regenerated rat liver after hepatectomy was investigated bu retrograde transport of horesradish peroxidase. This experiment was carried out to see if the increase in hepatic parenchyma could provide an adequate stimulus for the sprouting precess. The study was limited to the vagal afferents, particularly the left ones, because they are the principal contributors to hepatic afferent innervation in the rat. The results show that neural sprouting does not occur in regenerated rat liver after 3 weeks In fact, the number of intensely labeled neurons in the left nodose ganglia of hepatectomized rats was significantly smaller than in controls. This could be due to a lessened availability of horseradish peroxidase to nerve terminals in hepatectomized and control animals. This could be a consequence of their possible distribution in hepatic areas not involved in the regenerative process.     

Baclofen对大鼠新鲜分离DRG神经元GABA和NMDA激活电流的抑制作用

用全细胞膜片箝技术在大鼠新鲜分离的背根神经节 (DRG)细胞上观察到baclofen对GABA和NMDA激活电流有调制作用。单独给予DRG细胞baclofen (1～ 10 0 μmol/L)未记录到可测的电流改变 ,但预加baclofen对GABA和NMDA激活电流具有明显的抑制作用 ,且呈剂量依赖性。 10 0 μmol/Lbaclofen对GABA和NMDA激活电流分别抑制(5 1.2± 10 .9) % (X±SE ,n=8,P <0 .0 1)和 (6 4 .1± 2 1.1) % (X±SE ,n=6 ,P <0 .0 1) ,此抑制作用是可逆的 ,可被GABAB 受体拮抗剂saclofen(10 0 μmol/L ) 所取消 (n =4 )。     

Sympathetic,muscarinic vasodilation in cranial vessels of the cat

Summary Pressor responses evoked by stimulation of the preganglionic sympathetic trunk of the feline superior cervical ganglion have been recorded in vivo from the vascular bed perfused by one external carotid and the vertebral artery. When vasoconstrictor activity is blocked and potential vasodilator activity enhanced by close, intracarotid injection of guanethidine and prostaglandin F₂ respectively, stimulation evokes a weak pressor response followed, on cessation of stimulation, by a prolonged vasodilation lasting for 6–8 min. The magnitude and duration of the poststimulation vasodilation was reduced significantly by atropine. Due to the prolonged nature of the vasodilation, it is unlikely that a sympathetic cholinergic vasodilation in the classical sense is involved.