Effects of cavity-dispersion noncoaxiality on the generation of ultrabroadband femtosecond pulses

The effects of cavity-dispersion noncoaxiality （CDN） on the generation of ultrabroadband femtosecond pulses in KLM Ti：sapphire laser were investigated theoretically and experimentally. It was predicted that when the laser sub-cavity works near the coaxial operation point, the limitation of CDN on the bandwidth broadening is minimum, which is favorable for ultrabroadband pulse generation. On the basis of this prediction, femtosecond pulses with bandwidth of 650 to 1000 nm were directly generated from a home built KLM Ti：sapphire laser. To our knowledge, they are the broadest bandwidth pulses produced from KLM Ti：sapphire laser with similar oscillator configuration and gain crystal length of 3 mm.     

Three-year changes of surface albedo of degraded grassland and cropland surfaces in a semiarid area

Diurnal, seasonal and interannual variations of surface albedo of degraded grassland and cropland surfaces at a semiarid area of Tognyu have been investigated based on the continuous three years observational data from 2003 to 2005. The changes of surface albedo with solar elevation angle and soil moisture have been discussed also. It has been found that surface albedo has almost the same diurnal and seasonal variations on degraded grassland and cropland surfaces in the semiarid area, while surface albedo is large in winter and small in summer. The diurnal variation of the surface albedo has relationship with the weather condition. The diurnal cycle of the surface albedo likes the ＂U＂ shape curve in sunny day, while it is low-high after the rain, and high-low after the snow. The surface albedo has large variation in cloudy day, while it has no any variation in overcast day. The large difference of the surface albedo can be 0.04 in winter between two land surfaces, because the snow has large effects on the surface albedo in winter. The rainfall is an important factor in summer on the surface albedo, while the difference of the surface albedo is 0.01 only between two land surfaces. The differences of the surface albedo can also be 0.04 in autumn due to vegetation growing. The seasonal-average surface albeo from 2003-2005 is 0.25, 0.22, 0.24, 0.32 respectively in spring, summer, autumn and winter on the degraded grassland surface, while it is 0.25, 0.21,0.22, 0.33 respectively in spring, summer, autumn and winter on the cropland surface. The surface albedo becomes smaller with the increase of solar elevation angle. When the solar elevation angle is greater than 40°, the surface albedo changes very little and tends to be a constant. The surface albedo has negative exponent functions with soil moisture in the growing season.     

一种有效改善射频矢网测量动态范围的方案

文中所提及的射频矢量网络分析仪有窄带测量和宽带测量两种测量方式。本文简单介绍几种常用的提高射频矢网测量动态范围的方法外,从硬件改进的角度提出一种有效提高射频矢量网络分析仪宽带测量动态范围的方案,并用图例方式给出了这种方案的有效性。     

跳/扩频测控信号自适应波束形成方法

为解决跳/扩频测控中阵列天线设计所面临的信号频带宽、空域范围广、干扰强度大等问题,将线性约束法与二阶锥规划方法相结合,得到能够同时满足频率不变、方向不变的波束形成算法.利用二阶锥规划将波束形成器的设计转化为给定频率响应的FIR滤波器设计,针对用于宽带波束形成的FIR滤波器的非线性相位特点,采用最小均方误差准则,使所设计FIR滤波器的频率响应逼近于期望滤波器.通过增加约束条件,使不同空间指向的主瓣宽度基本保持不变,并在干扰方向形成宽零陷来有效抑制宽带干扰.仿真计算表明,在跳/扩频信号的工作频带内,波束方向图能够保持很好的频率不变特性,且在±60°范围内波束方向图的主瓣束宽、增益、零陷与参考波束基本保持一致,能够更好地满足航天测控任务对阵列天线的需求.     

宽带参量阵声呐在海底探测中的应用研究

使用宽带参量阵声呐对近海掩埋物探测进行了探讨.利用线性调频信号作为包络的调幅信号,针对参量阵产生的宽带差频信号,分析其频谱特点,并结合传播信道对声信号的吸收作用,于接收端对回波信号进行频谱修正,同时引入脉冲压缩技术提高探测分辨率.通过水池实验和仿真结果显示:利用宽带参量阵技术以及相应的信号处理方法,可使探测设备具有较小体积且对掩埋目标的垂直分辨率在信噪比较低的情况下达到0.1m.     

大动态宽带数字中频接收机的优化设计

结合DIFR现有的工程实现技术,研究其优化设计技术.对3种典型的RFAF(射频模拟前端)电路做了对比分析和仿真,讨论了适用于大动态宽带DIFR的RFAF电路结构及性能特点,给出了一种新的数字RF AGC控制电路.以一个带宽为10 MHz,动态范围为-100～-10 dB,采样频率为80 MHz的DIFR设计为例,研究了RF模拟前端各部分的指标分配与整机性能指标设计,导出了RFAF的增益、噪声系数与DIFR的动态范围和RF AGC的增益控制代码之间的关系,并给出了仿真结果.     

双环天线的阻抗理论和频带优化

双环天线以其宽频带性能和馈电简单而获得广泛应用,国内学者曾对它的原型结构作过多种改型。然而迄今尚缺少对双环天线进行阻抗计算的准确理论。本文用矩量法分析和计算了双环天线中圆环的阻抗特性,讨论了双环天线的设计公式和输入阻抗频带的两步优化程序。设计实例指出:对天线结构与Balun结构分步优化可以进一步展宽频带,驻波比低于1.1的相对带宽可达36.4％。     

ADSL调制解调器的FPGA实现方案

描述了ADSL调制解调器的工作原理及电路构成，并提出了利用FPGA来实现ADSL调制解调器的具体方案，用这种方案实现的调制解调器可降低ADSL宽带接入的设备投资，利于ADSL的普及。