γ射线对大蒜的诱变效应

用γ射线处理三个大蒜品种的鳞茎,VM_1代出苗率及植株存活率降低,生长发育受阻,抽苔率降低,鳞茎变小,并出现形态学畸变,VM_1代主要表现为辐射损伤,不宜进行突变性状选择;VM_2代仍有较严重的辐射损伤,开始出现纯合突变,性状变异范围扩大、变异度增大,抽苔期及质量性状选择可在VM_2进行,但不宜进行株高突变及高产变异类型的选择;VM_3代开始出现鳞茎数量性状有益突变,可以进行高产突变类型选择。     

Role of Cys221 and Asn116 in the zinc-binding sites of the Aeromonas hydrophila metallo-β-lactamase

The CphA metallo--lactamase produced by Aeromonas hydrophila exhibits two zinc-binding sites. Maximum activity is obtained upon binding of one zinc ion, whereas binding of the second zinc ion results in a drastic decrease in the hydrolytic activity. In this study, we analyzed the role of Asn116 and Cys221, two residues of the active site. These residues were replaced by site-directed mutagenesis and the different mutants were characterized. The C221S and C221A mutants were seriously impaired in their ability to bind the first, catalytic zinc ion and were nearly completely inactive, indicating a major role for Cys221 in the binding of the catalytic metal ion. By contrast, the binding of the second zinc ion was only slightly affected, at least for the C221S mutant. Mutation of Asn116 did not lead to a drastic decrease in the hydrolytic activity, indicating that this residue does not play a key role in the catalytic mechanism. However, the substitution of Asn116 by a Cys or His residue resulted in an approximately fivefold increase in the affinity for the second, inhibitory zinc ion. Together, these data suggested that the first zinc ion is located in the binding site involving the Cys221 and that the second zinc ion binds in the binding site involving Asn116 and, presumably, His118 and His196.Received 3 March 2003; received after revision 4 August 2003; accepted 25 August 2003     

水稻花培育种技术操作和无性系变异体选择

概述了水稻花培育种的技术操作程序和细胞无性系变异的选择方法。选择合适的水稻花培起始材料,选用适宜的培养基配方,对于水稻花培中愈伤组织诱导和分化至关重要。某些增效因子（例如水解乳蛋白、单核苷酸、ＡｇＮＯ３等）可提高灿稻花培的绿苗分化率。无性系变异为农作物细胞工程育种提供丰富的选择材料。通过对细胞变异的研究,建立了裸米选择－测米培胚的技术方法,并选育出多个高蛋白量的水稻优质品种（品系）。     

庆大霉素高产菌株的抗性方法选育

以生产菌株绛红小单孢菌为出发株,应用N 离子注入及紫外线诱变技术,利用高浓度的庆大霉素梯度平板筛选,或配合含有高浓度庆大霉素的液体培养基的生态驯化,筛选到摇瓶效价分别比出发株提高75.2%和70.1%的N08和Wt63两个高产菌株,10 L发酵罐发酵产量分别达2 118 u/mL和1 843 u/mL,C组分含量符合中国药典2000版的规定.     

EM菌剂在畜牧业中的应用(综述)

综述了ＥＭ （有效微生物群）对减少畜禽发病、提高生产性能和肉蛋品质、消除粪便恶臭等作用原理及其应用效果，并介绍了ＥＭ 的使用方法。     

吉林省繁殖鸟新记录--毛腿沙鸡

毛腿沙鸡Ｓｙｒｒｈｏｐｔｅｓ ｐａｒａｄｏｘｕｓ（Ｐａｌｌａｓ）在吉林省一直被认为是典型的冬候鸟。２０００年４月１０日在吉林省镇赉莫莫格国家级自然保护区内发现滞留种群，并找到１巢，内有３枚卵。从而证明此鸟有部分个体在本省西部地区繁殖。由此可认为毛腿沙鸡是吉林省冬候鸟和部分留鸟。     

鲫鱼尾部神经分泌系统Dahlgren细胞季节性变化的细胞计量学研究

本文用光镜和彩色图像分析系统,研究了雌性鲫鱼尾部神经分泌系统Dahlgren细胞的定量细胞学的季节性变化特点.结果发现:尾部最后7～12节脊髓中Dahlgren细胞的大小,在相邻季节间的变化为;从春至冬,逐渐减小（仅夏秋间无明显变化）,冬季后又逐渐增大,差异均极显著;而最后1～3节的变化为:只在春夏之间减小,夏季后则不断增大,差异也极显著.上述Dahlgren细胞计量学的变化,不同程度地呈现出与卵巢同步发育的关系.这为尾部神经分泌系统的变化与鱼类性成熟的相关性提供了新的依据.     

锯缘青蟹的无公害养殖技术

从养殖场地选择、养殖设施建造及清塘、蟹苗选择与放养密度、饲养管理方法、病害防治和商品蟹的收获方法几个方面阐述锯缘青蟹（Scylla serrata Forskal）的无公害养殖技术，为人工养殖青蟹提供参考。     

金针菇优良品种Nc-1选育

金针菇 Ｎｃ１（ 南充１ 号） 不仅色泽纯正，菇质优良，而且菌丝的萌发定植能力、生长速度、子室体生长发育对高温的适应能力以及生物学效率等重要品种素质指标都优于金１２ ，金１９ 和川金１ 号等优良品种，特别是生物学效率高达１４３７０ ％ ，比商品形象好的金１２ 和川金１ 号分别高出７１５ ％ 和６６ ％ ．     

国外鲟鱼类渔业生物学研究现状

概述了国外鲟类生理学、遗传学及生态学领域的研究现状。从微观和宏观两方面描述了国外鲟类成熟性腺、受精卵、胚胎发育、营养生理、遗传分析及生态等内容的研究结果。