B_(13)C_2和B_7C_8低压缩性的第一性原理计算研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算方法,研究了B13C2(B12CBC)中B12二十面体极地位置的所有B原子被C原子取代后材料的性质变化.通过对比计算研究发现,取代后每个B6C6二十面体中赤道原子同赤道原子间、极地原子同极地原子间的电荷密度减小﹑Mulliken布局数由正值变为负值,说明它们由成键态转变为反键态,相互作用减弱;而极地原子同赤道原子间,以及相邻二十面体极地原子间的电荷密度相对增加﹑化学键长变短﹑sp轨道杂化进一步显著,说明它们的相互作用增强.结果造成材料的体弹模量增大、剪切模量减小;材料由半导体性过渡到金属性;电荷密度由B12二十面体相对均匀分布,转为向两极集中局域,而使主要影响材料理论硬度的最弱化学键等的计算硬度减弱、材料的理论硬度减小.     

Ex post and ex ante analysis of provisional data

In this paper we suggest a framework to assess the degree of reliability of provisional estimates as forecasts of final data, and we re‐examine the question of the most appropriate way in which available data should be used for ex ante forecasting in the presence of a data‐revision process. Various desirable properties for provisional data are suggested, as well as procedures for testing them, taking into account the possible non‐stationarity of economic variables. For illustration, the methodology is applied to assess the quality of the US M1 data production process and to derive a conditional model whose performance in forecasting is then tested against other alternatives based on simple transformations of provisional data or of past final data. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

恒轴压卸围压条件下粉砂岩应力应变特征与能量演化

为了获得高陡山区地下工程顶部粉砂岩在开挖后的应力应变和能量演化特征,开展了不同围压下粉砂岩恒轴压卸围压三轴试验,分析其应力应变、应变能转化以及能量耗散特征。结果表明,恒轴压卸围压条件下,围压越高,试样围压卸载率越低,且试样破坏越快、变形越大。不同围压下能量转化特征曲线趋势基本一致,与应力应变曲线有较好的相关性。围压恒定轴压升高阶段,除围压产生的应变能密度基本恒定外,其他能量演化曲线具有呈指数升高的特征;主要表现为原生孔隙压密,能量转化率较低。轴压恒定围压卸载至试样破坏阶段,轴向应力与能量曲线两者突变点基本对应;产生较大程度宏观破裂,能量转化率较高。试样破坏后围压恒定和继续施加轴向应变阶段,低围压能量释放更强,试样破坏更为碎裂。能量耗散具有总体上先升高后降低再陡增的特征,围压越低,试样破坏时应变越小、能量耗散比越大,试样破坏更加碎裂;围压越高,对试样能量耗散抑制作用越强,有利于弹性应变聚集,更容易产生岩爆现象。     

Combination of Forecasts across Estimation Windows: An Application to Air Travel Demand

This paper applies combining forecasts of air travel demand generated from the same model but over different estimation windows. The combination approach used resorts to Pesaran and Pick (Journal of Business Economics and Statistics 2011; 29 : 307–318), but the empirical application is extended in several ways. The forecasts are based on a seasonal Box–Jenkins model (SARIMA), which is adequate to forecast monthly air travel demand with distinct seasonal patterns at the largest German airport: Frankfurt am Main. Furthermore, forecasts with forecast horizons from 1 to 12 months ahead, which are based on different average estimation windows, expanding windows and single rolling windows, are compared with baseline forecasts based on an expanding window of the observations after a structural break. The forecast exercise shows that the average window forecasts mostly outperform the alternative single window forecasts. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Globalization and long-run co-movements in the stock market for the G7: An application of VECM under structural breaks

This paper analyzes the process of long-run co-movements and stock market globalization on the basis of cointegration tests and vector error correction (VEC) models. The cointegration tests used here allow for structural breaks to be explicitly modeled and breakpoints to be computed on a relative-time basis. The data used in our empirical analysis were drawn from Datastream and comprise the natural logarithms of relative stock market indexes since 1973 for the G7 countries. The main results point to the conclusion that significant causal cointegration effects occur in this context and that there is a long-run relationship that governs the worldwide process of market integration. Globalization, however, is a complex adjustment process and in many cases there is only evidence of weak market integration which means that non-proportional price transmission occurs in the market along with proportional changes. The worldwide markets, as expected, appear to be driven in general by the US stock market.     

γ辐射致S1NPV的DNA链断裂研究

提出用琼脂糖凝胶电泳法，分剂量段进行两次电泳，再利用标准ＤＮＡ将各段连接的方法，在１～１００ｋＧｙ宽剂量范围，测定６０Ｃｏγ射线辐照后ＤＮＡ单链和双链断裂频率，得出ＤＮＡ链断裂频率与吸收剂量的关系．实验表明，ＳｌＮＰＶ病毒的ＤＮＡ链断裂γ辐射响应，可以用单靶一次击中和二次击中复合模型来描述．     

利用地震资料综合预测川南二叠系阳新统灰岩裂缝圈闭

川南地区阳新统灰岩气藏为典型的裂缝性气藏，只要寻找到了裂缝发育带便获得了天然气气藏。本文从井出发，对已获气或未获气井部位捕获其它地震反射波波场响应，建立含气裂缝系统与地震反射特征间的对应关系，总结出了运用地震资料预测裂缝的方法，并利用含气裂缝地震异常时差增大值来模拟裂缝圈闭的天然气储量，取得了满意的效果，图６、表１、参２。     

Differential protection of radiation-induced DNA single-strand breaks and cell survival by solcoseryl

Summary V79 Chinese hamster cells were studied in vitro for modification of cobalt-60 gamma radiation effects by solcoseryl. This treatment did not modify cell survival but did protect against DNA single-strand breaks.Solcoseryl is a registered trademark of Solco Basle Ltd, CH-4127 Birsfelden, Switzerland and was kindly supplied by Drs Haigis and Nasrin. In scientific German literature this material is referred to as Actihaemyl.Supported in part by U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38 and NIH/NCI grant No. CA-37435, awarded to D. Grdina, ANL.     

相似度加权的超虚干涉法加强初至波信号

当低信噪比资料局部道集存在强噪声时, 超虚干涉法虽然能够提高远偏移距折射波初至的信噪比, 但可能降低临近道集的初至信噪比。为解决这一问题, 提出基于相似度加权叠加的超虚干涉法。通过互相关和褶积运算, 实现相邻道包含的初至波信号的同相位叠加, 达到提高信噪比的目的; 同时, 引入相似度权重函数, 提高压制局部异常噪声的能力。合成数据和实际数据实例都说明所提方法能有效地提高地震初至波信噪比。最后, 讨论了方法的抗噪性和适用性。     

桥梁半平行钢丝索的非对称断丝损伤力学模型

桥梁用半平行钢丝索由于外层钢丝的螺旋外形和特殊构造,不能直接应用基于平行钢丝假定的并联模型或钢绞线模型进行力学分析.基于Love曲杆理论,考虑非对称断丝引起的垂直于拉索轴向的侧向位移,以及钢丝间的接触力和摩擦力的影响,建立静力拉伸荷载下半平行钢丝索的非对称断丝力学模型,通过数值计算和参数分析,研究断丝后索体内钢丝拉力分布规律及其影响因素.结果表明,非对称断丝引起明显的钢丝拉力不均匀分布,钢丝间摩擦系数、断丝径向位置对钢丝拉力分布影响最大.