关于企业内部创新模式的探讨

在组织内部形成创新方案的模式，即组织要在内部组建创新团队，并为团队提供自由空间，使创新团队能够从技术、个人、组织等三个角度研究并提出创新方案，然后，综合基于三个角度创新方案的优点，形成综合最佳方案。     

天冬氨酸对家鸽顶盖脑片Ⅱa—f层神经元电活动的影响

利用离体脑片技术，在５１例家鸽顶盖脑片上用玻璃微电极胞外记录了家鸽顶盖Ⅱａ－ｆ亚层神经元的自发放电活动。根据家鸽顶盖Ⅱａ－ｆ 层神经元自发放电活动的特征，将Ⅱａ－ｆ亚层神经元自发放电分为３种类型：慢而不规则型、快连续型和周期性簇状放电型。天冬氨酸（Ａｓｐ）对不同形式放电单位的作用均以兴奋为主，这种兴奋作用能被Ｎ－甲基－Ｄ－天冬氨酸（ＮＭＯＡ）增强，Ｄ－α－氨基－己二酸（Ｄ－α－ＡＡ）能阻断ＡＳＰ的     

民营小企业如何化解员工培训与人才流失的矛盾

员工培训是民营小企业发展的内在动力和必然要求，培训能够提高员工综合素质，增加员工个人利益，提升企业综合竞争力。目前民营小企业在员工培训上还远没有形成一套科学规范的体系，经费投入很少，更没有对教育培训实施有效的评估，员工参与教育培训的机会不多。其根本原因在于人才流失现象非常严重，培训与流失矛盾十分突出。化解员工培训与人才流失的矛盾应该从员工培训入手，一方面，通过加强培训并辅以其他措施来留住人才，另一方面，通过稳定人才来促进员工培训。     

Extracellular matrix and neuronal movement

Summary During brain development, both neuronal migration and axon guidance are influenced by extracellular matrix molecules present in the environment of the migrating neuronal cell bodies and nerve fibers. Glial laminin is an extracellular matrix protein which these early brain cells preferentially attach to. Extracellular glycosaminoglycans are suggested to function in restricting neuronal cell bodies and axons from certain brain areas. Since laminin is deposited along the radial glial fibers and along the developing nerve pathways in punctate form, the punctate assemblies may be one of the key factors in routing the developing neurons in vivo. This review discusses the role of laminin in neuronal movement given the present concept of the extracellular matrix molecules and their proposed interactions.     

Effect of phospholipids on purified lipoamidase

Summary Phospholipids were added to purified lipoamidase from porcine brain microsomal membranes, and changes in lipoamidase activity were examined. Approximately twofold activation of lipoamidase activity occurred upon the addition of phosphatidylethanolamine. On the other hand, phosphosphatidylserine, cardiolipin, and phosphatidic acid reduced the enzyme activity by approximately 80%. This pattern of the activation of lipoamidase by phosphatidylethanolamine and its inhibition by phosphatidylserine is similar to the pattern for adenylate cyclase, and contrasts with the pattern for ATPase.     

猪脑组织中磷脂的综合提取研究

介绍了利用哺乳动物猪脑组织提取神经醇磷酸，卵磷脂和脑磷脂的工艺流程，并对某些关键环节进行了分析讨论，不仅为研究磷脂的生物学效应提供了原料，也为猪脑组织的综合利用开辟了一条可行的途径。     

Deficiency of kallikrein-like enzyme activities in cerebral tissue of patients with alzheimer's disease

Summary We examined the changes in the intracerebral activities, at the time of postmortem autopsy, in patients with Alzheimer's disease. When compared with the control group, the activity of kallikrein-like enzyme was significantly decreased, while prolyl endopeptidase activity increased, in the patients group. Aprotinin inhibited 50% of the activity of the former enzyme at 2×10^–7M. Taken together with the results of a multivariate study, the above findings may indicate that intracerebral kallikrein deficiency plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.     

Latent iron deficiency alters gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate metabolism in rat brain

Summary A diet containing 18–20 mg iron/kg to young weaned rats for 8 weeks altered the metabolism of gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate in the central nervous system without affecting blood hemoglobin. Subsequent rehabilitation with 390 mg iron/kg diet for 2 weeks normalized these changes.     

睡眠剥夺影响大脑功能区状态的非线性评价

采用近似熵研究睡眠剥夺（sleep deprivation，SD）对脑认知功能的影响，评价SD引起的大脑功能区状态的非线性变化．12名受试者在正常睡眠和一夜SD之后分别接受视觉注意力测试，记录自发脑电和诱发脑电，采用二维插值构建19导脑电近似熵脑信息图（brain information map，BIM）．结果表明，在SD状态下，自发脑电的近似熵在全脑范围内有不同程度的下降，额叶处大脑偏侧性发生变化，复杂度的中心从左脑转移到右脑；前额叶处诱发脑电近似熵值降低，而顶叶和颞叶处则升高．脑电近似熵可以作为指标来评价SD对脑认知功能的负向影响，BIM的变化趋势与从生理学及影像学角度的分析相吻合，与线性方法的研究结论一致，在一定程度上可以反映大脑功能状态，提供一条评价脑功能区状态变化趋势的思路．     

面向高性能计算平台的脑科学仿真技术研究

近年来,脑科学研究成为了热点研究领域,欧盟"人脑计划"、美国"尖端创新神经技术脑研究计划"、日本脑计划的相继提出标志着脑科学研究进入了研究高峰期.高性能计算机经过数十年的发展,计算性能的提升日新月异,应用的范围越来越广.本文结合当下脑科学研究热点生物神经网络以及高性能计算平台TH-1A(天河一号)的计算优势,在TH-1A上部署了神经网络模拟软件NEST,对用NEST构建的神经网络进行了内存占用和可扩展性分析,测试了单计算节点最大仿真规模,发现了NEST软件自身的一些瓶颈,并提出了改进的想法,进而实现了对大规模生物神经网络面向高性能计算平台的仿真研究工作.