导游队伍质量滑坡诱因分析与对策研究

旅游业是中国经济发展的支柱产业之一,目前高级别导游人才缺乏和导游人才流失现象严重。通过分析导致导游人员流失的主要因素,对解决导游人才流失问题进行探讨,提出一些解决问题的办法。     

Localization of the brain calculation function area with MRI

The aim of this study is to define the anatomical localization of corresponding brain function area during calculating. The activating modes in brain during continuous silent calculating subtraction and repeated silent reading multiplication table were compared and investigated. Fourteen volunteers of right-handedness were enrolled in this experiment. The quite difference of reaction modes in brain area during the two modes of calculation reveal that there are different processing pathways in brain during these two operating actions. During continuous silent calculating, the function area is localized on the posterior portion of superior and middle gyrus of frontal lobe and the lobule of posterior parietal lobe (P < 0.01,T = 5.41). It demonstrates that these function areas play an important role in the performance of calculation and working memory. Whereas the activating of visual cortex shows that even in mental arithmetic processing the brain action is having the aid of vision and visual space association.     

迟发性外伤性颅内血肿的特点与治疗

目的 分析迟发性外伤性颅内血肿的原因。方法 统计3年来迟发性外伤性颅内血肿的总数、发病率、病因及治疗效果。结果 迟发性外伤笥颅内血肿21例,手术17例,死亡1例,保守治疗4例,死亡0例。结论 早期诊断、早期治疗可降低死亡率,提高治愈率。     

血脑屏障对钙调神经磷酸酶B亚基及其降解肽段阻碍作用的研究

应用1,3,4,6－四氯－3α,6α二苯基苷尿（Iodogen)法对钙调神经磷酸酶B亚基进行1125I标记,获得了比活度为740MBq.mg^-1,放化纯度为95．7％的125I标记的钙调神经磷酸酶B亚基,标记率高达85％,利用该标记物研究血脑屏障对其进入脑的阻碍作用,结果显示血脑屏蔽能够阻止完整的钙调神经磷酸酶B亚进入脑,但是它的降解肽段能够透过血脑屏障进入脑组织。     

13～18岁青少年脑电α波的发展特点

以192名13－18岁青少年为研究对象,采用脑电波超慢涨落分析技术（ET）,对其12导联脑电图（EEG）进行了记录和分析,重点探讨了α波 (8-13Hz）的发展特点。结果表明：1）随年龄的增长,13－18岁青少年α波不同频率成分的变化幅度不大;2）平均频率f^-的年龄变化不明显,基本保持在10Hz左右,但女性的高于男性;3）青少年α波的优势成分不随年龄变化而变化,13－18岁的主导成分均为10Hz的α波;4）不同频率的α波在各脑区的分布均存在显著差异（P＜0．05）,α波的f^-的分布特点为从额叶到枕叶逐渐增大;5）不同频率脑电的α波的比率R的分布表现出不同的左右不对称性,α波的f^-表现出明显的左脑优势。     

大鼠脑损伤后海马GAP-43 mRNA水平的变化

以DIG（Digoxigenin）标记的GAP-43 cDNA片段为探针,使用原位杂交方法,检测了大鼠皮层硬性脑挫伤后GAP-43 mRNA水平的变化。结果表明：海马CA3、CA1和DG区的GAP-43 mRNA水平在损伤后48h明显升高,其中CA3区变化最甚,而且伤侧比对侧显著。1周和2周后表达仍维持较高水平,但不如48h的高,这显示表达的峰值在1周之内。上述结果为研究脑损伤后生理及机能代偿的修复机制提供了有意义的信息。     

Alternative exon usage selectively determines both tissue distribution and subcellular localization of the acyl-CoA thioesterase 7 gene products

Acyl-CoA thioesterases (ACOTs) catalyze the hydrolysis of acyl-CoAs to free fatty acids and coenzyme A. Recent studies have demonstrated that one gene named Acot7, reported to be mainly expressed in brain and testis, is transcribed in several different isoforms by alternative usage of first exons. Strongly decreased levels of ACOT7 activity and protein in both mitochondria and cytosol was reported in patients diagnosed with fatty acid oxidation defects, linking ACOT7 function to regulation of fatty acid oxidation in other tissues. In this study, we have identified five possible first exons in mouse Acot7 (Acot7a–e) and show that all five first exons are transcribed in a tissue-specific manner. Taken together, these data show that the Acot7 gene is expressed as multiple isoforms in a tissue-specific manner, and that expression in tissues other than brain and testis is likely to play important roles in fatty acid metabolism. Received 5 February 2007: received after revision 3 April 2007; accepted 19 April 2007     

动物脑组织磷脂的薄层分离测定

以V(氯仿):V(无水乙醇):V(三乙胺):V(水)=10:11.3:11.7:2.7为展开剂,分别采用4种不同厂家生产的溴百里香酚蓝指示剂配制0.3%的溴百里香酚蓝水溶液(pH=7.0)作为显色剂,对牛脑组织中磷脂成分进行薄层层析分离和薄层扫描定量,该法分离、显色效果好,而且重现性、稳定性较好。     

9例颅内黑色素瘤的CT、MRI诊断和治疗

目的:探讨颅内黑色素瘤的CT、MR影像特点及治疗方法.方法:回顾性分析我院1999年以来收治的9例颅内黑色素瘤的CT、MR影像特点.结果:原发性黑色素瘤3例,转移性黑色素瘤6例.6例CT平扫表现为类圆形高密度影5例,类圆形低密度影1例,增强扫描肿瘤不均匀增强.7例行MRI检查,6例MRIT1 WI肿瘤表现为高信号,1例为不均匀低信号;6例T2 WI低信号,1例低高信号.T1 WI增强扫描6例明显增强.结论:颅内黑色素性黑色素瘤MRI具有特征性表现,病理检查是确诊黑色素瘤的最后手段.在手术基础上进行包括伽玛刀治疗、放疗及化疗的综合治疗有望提高疗效.     

用三维各向异性电阻抗成像作人脑活动的研究

为改进电阻抗成像的算法,为人脑活动的研究提供三维各向异性的不侵入检测的软件,研究了用三维各向异性电阻抗成像的算法。算法的特点：一是基于高频下人颅骨的电导纳的虚部增大,使电流易于注入脑内以实现电阻抗成像;二是用三维各向异性有限元法解正问题;三是用广义线性增量函数理论和奇异值分解法解逆问题,算法具有整体灵敏度;四是由于逆问题是一个非线性问题,先给出各元素导纳变化的起始值,解逆问题得出新的导纳增量与起始值比较,由相对误差决定是否迭代,如需迭代,用新的导纳增量直接迭代。按以上算法对一立方体作了计算机模拟,得到很好的结果。被检测的立方体离散化为４５个六面体元素,外层元素３０个模拟颅骨,内部元素１５个模拟人脑。给出７种情况的计算结果,检测了包括深部５个元素在内的１３个元素。其中包括人脑电导率的变化,以及各被检测的元素电导率的变化不同,误差小于５％。各被测元素导纳增量的起始值设为零,所需迭代次数在７～３５之间。