全文获取类型
| 收费全文 | 6648篇 |
| 免费 | 558篇 |
| 国内免费 | 443篇 |
专业分类
| 系统科学 | 1734篇 |
| 丛书文集 | 166篇 |
| 教育与普及 | 23篇 |
| 理论与方法论 | 30篇 |
| 现状及发展 | 59篇 |
| 综合类 | 5633篇 |
| 自然研究 | 4篇 |
出版年
| 2025年 | 7篇 |
| 2024年 | 42篇 |
| 2023年 | 56篇 |
| 2022年 | 65篇 |
| 2021年 | 82篇 |
| 2020年 | 64篇 |
| 2019年 | 83篇 |
| 2018年 | 73篇 |
| 2017年 | 69篇 |
| 2016年 | 99篇 |
| 2015年 | 136篇 |
| 2014年 | 217篇 |
| 2013年 | 185篇 |
| 2012年 | 278篇 |
| 2011年 | 377篇 |
| 2010年 | 268篇 |
| 2009年 | 365篇 |
| 2008年 | 379篇 |
| 2007年 | 484篇 |
| 2006年 | 401篇 |
| 2005年 | 351篇 |
| 2004年 | 359篇 |
| 2003年 | 316篇 |
| 2002年 | 245篇 |
| 2001年 | 245篇 |
| 2000年 | 252篇 |
| 1999年 | 275篇 |
| 1998年 | 241篇 |
| 1997年 | 211篇 |
| 1996年 | 196篇 |
| 1995年 | 181篇 |
| 1994年 | 158篇 |
| 1993年 | 170篇 |
| 1992年 | 164篇 |
| 1991年 | 119篇 |
| 1990年 | 106篇 |
| 1989年 | 116篇 |
| 1988年 | 104篇 |
| 1987年 | 65篇 |
| 1986年 | 32篇 |
| 1985年 | 11篇 |
| 1984年 | 1篇 |
| 1983年 | 1篇 |
排序方式： 共有7649条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
161.
Linlin Jing Qingguo Bai Weiqun Guo Yan Feng Lin Liu Yingyu Zhang 《Systems Research and Behavioral Science》2020,37(2):255-276
Understanding the interactions between contributory factors associated with accidents is important. However, the widely applied Swiss cheese model (SCM) and the human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS) oversimplify the causes of accidents and ignore the interactions among the various components of an entire system, which is the essence of systems thinking. A new systems‐based accident model that reflects the nature of the accidents and can be explained by the underlying accident model must therefore be developed. This study aims to create a new accident model that represents the interactions between the contributory factors, which can offer a systems approach to conducting a comprehensive examination of accidents. We use data obtained from the official accident reports on 94 extraordinary major coal mining catastrophes that took place from 1997 to 2011 in China. The results reveal that all latent conditions, including external factors, organizational influences, unsafe supervision, and preconditions for unsafe behaviours can influence active failures, that is, unsafe behaviours. However, only the preconditions for unsafe behaviours can influence unsafe behaviours within the SCM and HFACS frameworks. Furthermore, latent conditions can affect each other within the contributory factors interactions model. This study provides a new systems‐based accident model that allows us to examine and explain the relationships and linkages within and between complex sociotechnical systems and identify the common factors and interactions that cross human, external, and organizational factors. 相似文献
162.
Rajenlall Siriram 《Systems Research and Behavioral Science》2020,37(2):235-254
Systems' thinking has received considerable attention over the last several decades; however, the adoption of systems thinking as an approach to creating competitive advantages is still lagging. The objective of this research is to test whether the adoption of systems thinking leads to an organization's competitive capabilities and the quality of the products produced. An investigative model linking the organizational factors of systems thinking (i.e., institutional efficacy, self‐efficacy, organizational and environmental evolution, and organizational culture and climate) to the organization's competitive capabilities and quality of the products is proposed. Structural equation modelling is used to test the model. Thirteen hypotheses are tested, of which seven are accepted. The sample consists of 130 organizations. Six constructs (i.e., institutional efficacy, self‐efficacy, organizational and environmental evolution, organizational culture and climate, competitive capabilities, and the quality off products) are tested, providing important lessons for managers and researchers in systems thinking. 相似文献
163.
Traditional and current approaches to modelling the impacts of health care interventions have focused on detail complexity and been ceteris paribus dependent and thereby ignored the wider system impacts. In this study, we have demonstrated that system dynamics (SD) offers theoretical and practical advantages over conventional methodologies and the qualitative assessment tools that have informed the business of emergency care. We translate the key findings of qualitative research, existing literature reviews and studies of the use of simulation and economic evaluation models into a value proposition for using SD tools. We conclude that there is growing evidence of a strong value proposition for the use of SD tools to investigate interventions targeting improved emergency care access. SD models can incorporate dynamic and organizational complexity and fill a gap beyond the microscope of the conventional methodologies informing health care. This potential to strengthen health care systems warrants further investigation. 相似文献
164.
Li Da Xu 《Systems Research and Behavioral Science》2020,37(4):618-631
Industrie 4.0, also called Industry 4.0, represents the current trend of manufacturing industry characterized by high level of automation, industrial integration, and industrial information integration. It mainly includes enabling technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), cyber‐physical systems (CPS), cloud computing, industrial integration, industrial information integration, and other technologies. Systems science has been emerged and well developed since the second half of the twentieth century. From 1940s until now, systems science has been called systems science, systems engineering, systems theory, cybernetics, systems analysis, systems methodology, systems approach, and systems thinking. Since its emergence, a wealth of research has produced an astonishing array of theoretical results and empirical insights, and a large suite of methods and techniques. Systems science has been continuously, widely, and successfully applied to many subjects in natural science and social sciences. This paper aims at discussing the potential contribution of systems science to Industry 4.0. As we approach the era of Fourth Industrial Revolution, this paper points out that systems science is a necessity to deal with the overwhelming systems complexity in Industry 4.0 and the surrounding industrial ecosystem. 相似文献
165.
Niklas Luhmann 《Systems Research and Behavioral Science》2020,37(3):425-449
This text is a translation of the first five chapters of Niklas Luhmann's book ‘Funktionen und Folgen formaler Organisation’ [Functions and consequences of formal organization], which originally appeared in German in 1964. In contrast to his later works, which rely crucially on the concept of communication, in this text, Luhmann applies an action‐based approach. He defines social systems as consisting of meaningfully interrelated actions that can be distinguished from their environment. Organizations are a specific type of social systems, that is, a social system that orders actions through the formalization of certain expectations. Formal expectations are those that are bound to the membership role and the acceptance of these is the condition for entry into and exit from the organization. Through the generalized member role, an organization is capable of defining highly generalized expectations. Thus, membership becomes the basis for imposing a broad range of specific yet constantly changeable expectations on members. 相似文献
166.
There has been a considerable growth in interest in Health Systems Research over the last 25 years. It is only recently, however, that health systems researchers have started to examine the key conceptual tool in their armoury – the notion of ‘system'; – and only then in a sporadic fashion. This paper argues that the failure to undertake this challenge has held back the field both theoretically and in terms of practice. Critical systems thinkers have, by contrast, spent the last 30 years conducting a second‐order analysis of different systems and complexity approaches, the way they employ the concept of ‘system';, and the difference this makes to the theories espoused and the modes of intervention endorsed. They have also explored how different systems approaches can be used in combination to bring about improvement by addressing the multi‐dimensional complexity thrown up by wicked problems. What critical systems thinkers have failed to do is get their hands dirty and demonstrate, through practical application, that their approach is useful in the health systems domain. Given the significance of health systems for public well‐being, and their inherent complexity, this is something that needs rectifying. If Critical Systems Thinking can support Health Systems Research with appropriate theories and methodologies, and health systems researchers are willing to involve critical systems thinkers in tackling the major issues they face, then a fruitful partnership can be forged. 相似文献
167.
该文提出了一种多任务Takagi-Sugeno-Kang(TSK)模糊系统建模方法.首先给出了一种新的多任务模糊c均值聚类算法,能够有效提取所有任务之间的公共信息和每个任务的私有信息,进而利用所得的聚类中心构建多任务TSK模糊系统的前件参数.其次设计了一种具备多任务协同学习机制的后件参数优化方法,可以优化多任务TSK模糊系统的后件参数.最后基于优化的前后件参数,构建出具体多任务模糊聚类方法驱动的多任务TSK模糊系统模型(multi-task fuzzy c-means based multi-task TSK fuzzy system, MTFCM-MT-TSK-FS)以用于实际应用.分别在合成和真实数据集上进行实验,结果验证了该模型的有效性. 相似文献
168.
探讨了大数据技术在交通强国建设中的作用及在交通管理、交通安全、交通信息服务、交通运输规划、公共交通等领域的应用方法和前景;对基于信息物理系统的交通态势感知系统、基于动态本体论的交通行业多模态知识图谱、基于边缘云计算的智能视频识别等前沿技术的总体架构、实现方法进行了案例分析。 相似文献
169.
换挡过程的动力中断和冲击是制约多挡位变速器系统在纯电动汽车中大规模应用的主要原因.该文以无同步器的电机-变速器直连系统为研究对象,运用多体动力学原理建立能够准确描述其换挡过程动力学特性的混杂自动机模型;基于该模型各个阶段的动力学特性,设计了转速主动同步与转角主动同步协同的换挡控制策略,在换挡过程中实现了接合套和接合齿圈... 相似文献
170.
周平 《重庆邮电学院学报(自然科学版)》1998,10(3):64-67
数值研究了两个耦合混沌系统的同步问题,结论是只要二系统中对应振子的砂蛤 系统相同就可实现二系统的完全同步,它同文献（１,２）要求二系统中所有振子的耦合系数都相同是不一样的,若用本文方法来实现文献（２）中所提到的多路保密通信,将会提高其保密程度。 相似文献