高强度物理-化学混杂双网络水凝胶的制备及性质

以聚乙烯醇（polyvinyl alcohol, PVA）和丙烯酰胺（acrylamide, AM）为原料, 采用“一锅煮”及紫外辐照结合冷冻 解冻两步聚合法制备聚乙烯醇/聚丙烯酰胺(PVA/PAM)混杂双网络水凝胶, 并对水凝胶的力学性能、 溶胀性能、 失水性能以及自愈合性进行测试和分析. 结果表明, PVA/PAM混杂双网络水凝胶具有较高的力学强度, 其拉伸强度为428 kPa, 失水速率和单网络水凝胶相比较慢, 具有一定的自愈合性.     

贵州铜仁苗族和土家族与贵州汉族男性青年骨代谢生化标志物的比较分析

目的了解贵州少数民族与汉族青年骨代谢生化标志物的特点及差异性,为青年少年生长发育提供资料。方法本研究采取整群随机抽样的方法,抽取了年龄在18~20岁的来自铜仁的26名苗族、42土家族男性青年和60名汉族青年,检测了骨钙素(OC)、骨碱性磷酸酶(BAP)、血清钙磷水平及身高和体重,并问卷调查他们的饮食营养及运动状况。结果苗族及土家族男性青年OC、BAP、血清钙磷及身高体重均低于汉族。苗族与汉族在身高和体重具有显著差异(P<0.01),在OC、BAP上差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),土家族与汉族相比除身高体重外均无统计学意义,而苗族各项指标均低于与土家族;问卷调查显示苗族、土家族营养条件比汉族差。研究中OC与BAP及身高与体重呈显著正相关,但身高与OC、BAP及体重与血钙间呈弱的负相关。结论铜仁苗族、土家族与汉族在OC、BAP、血清钙及身高体重上有明显种族差异,苗族与汉族间差异比土家族与汉族间差异较大,各数据表明土家族更接近汉族。营养条件对生化标志物及身高体重有影响。     

Soluble Jagged 1/Fc chimera protein induces the differentiation and maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells

A soluble Jagged 1/Fc chimera protein （Jagged 1/Fc） was directly used to induce differentiation and maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells （DCs） in mice in vitro. A model of inducing and amplifying DCs in vitrowas established. The effect of Jagged 1/Fc on morphology of DCs induced by both rmGM-CSF and rmlL-4 was observed under a confocal microscope. A fluorescein-labeled monoclonal antibody staining combined with flow cytometry was applied to detect the effect of Jagged 1/Fc on the expression of CD11c, MHC-Ⅱ, CD86, CD80 and CD40 molecules on the surface of DCs. The results showed that Jagged 1/Fc did not affect the morphological properties of DC differentiation induced by both rmGM-CSF and rmlL-4. But it could promote the differentiation and maturation of DCs induced by both. The effect of it was strikingly different in the expression profile of co-stimulating molecules and the morphologic properties of DCs from lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. The levels of MHC-Ⅱ and CD40 molecule expression on the surface of DCs stimulated by Jagged 1/Fc were significantly lower than those stimulated by LPS, and the level of CD80 expression on the surface of DCs induced by Jagged 1/Fc was near to that induced by LPS. Jagged 1/Fc had no influence on the expression of CD86 molecule on the surface of DCs. Jagged 1/Fc when used alone could not maintain the growth, differentiation and maturation of DCs. All the findings indicate that Jagged 1/Fc influences the differentiation and maturation of DCs, which is not markedly similar to LPS, providing important evidence for its development and application as a novel immunosuppressant.     

三维丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石支架的生物学性能

综合运用丝素蛋白纤维网的非编织制作方法和仿生矿化法,构建三维多孔丝素蛋白/纳米羟基磷灰石复合支架.通过体外蛋白酶降解和成骨细胞培养,对支架材料的生物学性能进行初探.发现蛋白酶对丝素蛋白降解的作用大小依次为,蛋白酶K＞胰蛋白酶＞α-糜蛋白酶＞Ⅰ型胶原酶.所构建的支架显示出良好的生物相容性并能促进成骨细胞生长和分化.三维多孔丝素蛋白/纳米羟基磷灰石支架可望成为新型有机/无机复合生物材料,为骨组织工程支架的设计提供了新的思路.     

用于骨修复的明胶／HAP复合材料研究进展

用于骨修复的明胶/羟基磷灰石(HAP)复合材料具有巨大的应用前景而得到广泛关注和研究.文章简单介绍了明胶/HAP复合物及其改性,详细综述了本领域的研究热点:明胶/HAP复合微球的特点、种类、制备方法以及各种影响因素,最后对明胶/HAP复合材料的发展提出一些展望.     

一种高度自动化的三维CT数据腰椎分割方法

针对现有分割方法,分别存在无法完全分割、不能适应所有数据或过多的手动干预等局限性问题,提出了一种用于CT图像单节腰椎分割的新方法.首先从CT图像中分割整条脊椎,然后再分别断开单个椎体和椎小关节,从而使待分割的一节腰椎与其他部位分离.利用人造数据和真实数据对本方法进行了评估,结果显示本法可以高度自动化地分割任意单节腰椎.本方法是医生进行辅助诊断的重要方法,在相关领域的研究中具有广泛意义.     

锁定接骨板与解剖接骨板治疗老年肱骨近端骨折的比较

目的：对比锁定接骨板与解剖接骨板治疗老年肱骨近端骨折的效果.方法：应用肱骨近端锁定接骨板及解剖接骨板治疗肱骨近端骨折56例.比较两种治疗方法在手术时间、术中出血量、术后疼痛评分、术后关节功能评分（score）等方面的差异.结果：56例均获随诊,随诊时间6～18个月,平均12个月.锁定接骨板组术中出血量（134.55±3...     

猕猴骨盆形态变异性的性差

利用猕猴骨盆标本37例(雄17例,雌20例),选取12个骨盆变量和2个股骨变量进行测量.单因素方差分析用于比较骨盆变量的性差.骨盆变异性的性差比较采用Levene’s检验.结果显示:坐骨高和骨盆入口径等骨盆变量性差的大小和方向是不同的.一些骨盆变量(如,坐骨高等)的变异性存在性差,股骨长变异性不存在性差.骨盆变量变异性性差是雄性大于雌性.结果表明,在性别之间骨盆变异性、生长发育模式和选择压力可能是不同的.骨盆的原生细胞的双向分化与发育稳定性选择、定向选择有关.总体上选择强度和表型变异成负相关.雌性骨盆形态在稳定选择和定向选择之间的交互作用,面临较大的选择压力,所以雌性盆骨形态的变异性比雄性要小一些.     

宽带传输网络的生存性技术及其设计方法的研究

作者在文中首先介绍了宽带传输网络生存性研究的必要性，可能性及国内外动态，然后对网络生存性定义及其与可靠性的区别，网络生存性设计方法给予了讨论，对宽带传输网络的生存性的定量分析及灾难造成的损失估计方法提出了新的构思，最后对增强宽带传输网的ＳＤＨ／ＡＴＭ自愈技术设计方法作了详细讨论     

Effect of Dy3+on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of mouse primary bone marrow stromal cells and adipocytic trans-differentiation of mouse primary osteoblasts

A series of experimental methods including 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity measurement, mineralized function, Oil Red O stain and measurement were employed to assess the effect of Dy³⁺ on the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of mouse primary bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and the adipogenic trans-differentiation of mouse primary osteoblasts (OBs). The results showed that Dy³⁺ had no effect on BMSC proliferation at concentrations of 1×10⁻⁸ and 1×10⁻⁵ mol/L, but inhibited BMSC proliferation at other concentrations. Dy³⁺ had no effect on OB proliferation at concentrations of 1×10⁻¹⁰ and 1×10⁻⁹ mol/L, but inhibited OB proliferation at other concentrations. Dy³⁺ had no effect on the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs at concentrations of 1×10⁻⁹ and 1×10⁻⁷ mol/L, and promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs at other concentrations at the 7th day. The osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs was inhibited by Dy³⁺ at concentration of 1×10⁻⁵ mol/L at the 14th day, but promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs at concentrations of 1×10⁻⁹, 1×10⁻⁸, 1×10⁻⁷ and 1×10⁻⁶ mol/L with the maximal effect at concentration of 10⁻⁶ mol/L. Dy³⁺ promoted mineralized function of BMSCs at any concentration. Dy³⁺ had no effect on adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs at concentration of 1×10⁻⁷ mol/L, but inhibited adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs at other concentrations. Dy³⁺ inhibited adipocytic trans-differentiation of OBs at any concentration, suggesting that Dy³⁺ had protective effect on bone and the protective effect on bone may be mediated by modulating differentiation of BMSCs away from the adipocyte and inhibiting adipocytic trans-differentiation of OBs which may promote differentiation and mineralization of OBs. These results may be valuable for better understanding the mechanism of the effect of Dy³⁺ on pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Supported by the Foundation for Key Program of Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 208018)