绝经前的健康女性中瘦体重、体脂含量和骨密度的关系

从长沙地区的汉族人群中征集了878名年龄在20~45岁绝经前的健康女性样本,采用Hologic QDR4 500 W双能量X射线骨密度仪(DXA)来测量腰椎(L1-4)、髋部和全身其他部位的骨密度、瘦体重、体脂含量.应用SAS软件进行瘦体重和体脂含量与骨密度的Pearson相关分析和多元回归分析.发现瘦体重和体脂含量都与骨密度正相关,而且瘦体重对骨密度变异的贡献是8.0%~11.4%,体脂含量对骨密度变异的贡献是0.2%~2.5%.表明在绝经前的健康女性中,瘦体重是比体脂含量更加重要的决定骨密度变异的因素.     

牛和人的长骨密质骨哈佛氏系统的比较研究

本文对牛和人胫骨骨干密质骨的微细结构进行了研究．应用扫描电镜观察到牛骨中存在着完全哈佛氏系统，丛状骨及哈佛氏系统与板层骨相间三种结构形式，得到牛和人胫骨密质骨中哈佛氏系统沿径向分布的规律     

p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶和核因子-κB促进创面血管化的机制探讨

目的:探讨p38丝裂素活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号转导通路和核因子-κB(NF-κB)/抑制因子(IκB)通路在调控血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)产生及血管化等方面的作用及其相互关系.方法:将32只Wistar大鼠完全随机分为4组各8只:假烫组、烫伤组、烫伤+p38MAPK抑制剂组和烫伤+NF-κB抑制剂组.除假烫组以外,其余各组均制作深Ⅱ°烫伤模型,其中烫伤+p38MAPK抑制剂组和烫伤+NF-κB抑制剂组于烫伤后15 min和12 h分别静脉注射SB203580和PDTC;各组大鼠均于伤后48 h处死并取材.酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定创面组织中VEGF的含量和血管微密度(MVD),蛋白印迹(Western blotting)法检测p38MAPK和IκBα的表达.结果:和假烫组相比,伤后48 h,烫伤组创面组织中VEGF的质量浓度明显上升,为(0.81±0.19)ng/m L和(2.88±0.32)ng/m L,(P0.05);MVD值明显增加,为(3.12±0.72)和(8.08±2.10),(P0.05);p38 MAPK含量升高,为(966±176)和(4778±332),(P0.05);IκBα含量下降,为(2 327±310)和(1 278±149),(P0.05).使用SB203580和PDTC均能抑制烧伤后创面组织中VEGF含量的上升和血管化.预先给予SB203580能抑制烧伤后创面组织中p38MAPK含量升高,但对IκBα含量无显著影响;预先给予PDTC可以防止烧伤后创面组织中IκBα含量的下降,而对p38MAPK表达无影响.结论:在烧伤后创面愈合过程中,p38 MAPK信号转导通路和NF-κB/IκB通路是两个平行和独立的信号转导通路,两者间无直接的联系,但共同调节着烧伤后VEGF的产生与创面血管化.     

In vitro and in vivo investigation of bacterial cellulose dressing containing uniform silver sulfadiazine nanoparticles for burn wound healing

Silver sulfadiazine(SSD) particles in homogeneous dispersion state were prepared by an ultrasonic method and then nano- and microparticles were separated using centrifugation. SSD particles with narrow size distribution were impregnated with bacterial cellulose(BC) to produce BC–SSD composite membrane used as burn wound dressing. A scanning electron microscope(SEM) was used to examine the surface morphology of BC–SSD membranes. The incorporation of SSD in BC–SSD was confirmed by X-ray diffraction(XRD). Antimicrobial tests in vitro indicated that BC–SSD showed excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. The effects of BC–SSD on burn wound healing were assessed by rat models. The comparative study confirmed that the wound treated with BC–SSD showed high healing rate. The bacteria count in BC–SSD group was far less than control group. Histological analysis showed that epithelialization progressed better in wound treated with BC–SSD. These values demonstrated that the BC–SSD composite membrane could be a promising wound dressing for burn.     

基于刻辞网络关联度的甲骨字考释难度量化方法

为了提高未解读甲骨字考释研究的效率,提出了一种未解读甲骨字考释难度量化方法,可帮助研究者优先选择出难度较低的甲骨字进行针对性研究,避免在考释难度极大的甲骨字上做大量无用功。先把所有甲骨刻辞构建为一个庞大的甲骨刻辞网络;再通过网络节点间的关联关系,计算出未解读甲骨字和已解读甲骨字之间关联关系;计算结果可以作为未解读甲骨字考释难度的量化数据;并通过实验验证了方法的有效性。     

X线双能量骨密度仪模拟研究

双能量Ｘ线吸收骨密度测量仪是对骨质疏松症进行诊治的重要手段。由于Ｘ线源通常具有一个较宽的能谱，因而骨密度测量值的计算比较复杂。对如何在仪器研制中获得足够高的测量精度问题，本文进行了详细的计算机模拟工作，给出了模拟计算的方法及定量的结果。     

Advances in tissue engineering

Tissue engineering is a newly developed specialty involved in the construction of tissues and organs either in vitro or in vivo. Tremendous progress has been achieved over the past decade in tisse construction as well as in other related areas, such as bone marrow stromal cells, embryonic stem cells and tissue progenitor cells. In our laboratory, tissues of full-thickness skin, bone, cartilage and tendon have been successfully engineered, and the engineered tissues have repaired full-thickness skin wound, cranial bone defects, articular cartilage defects and tendon defects in animals. In basic research areas, bone marrow stromal cells have been induced and transformed into osteoblasts and chondrocytes in vitro. Mouse embryo stem cell lines we established have differentiated into neuron precursor, cardiac muscle cells and epithelial cells. Genetic modifications of seed cells for promoting cell proliferation, delaying cell aging and inducing immune tolerance have also been investigated.     

鲤骨油微胶囊质量特性及固化时间对其的影响

对以复凝聚法制作的鳗骨油微胶囊湿囊的质量特性进行了研究，结果表明，此微囊的耐冻性，耐磨性，酶解特性均良好，并有一定的耐热性，固化时间对其质量特性有显著影响，这种制作微囊的方法未对鳗骨油的酸价，过氧化值等品质指标产生显著的影响。     

恶性肿瘤骨转移性骨痛的放射性核素治疗概况

综述了^32P,^89Sr,^153Sm等放射性核素治疗骨转移癌骨痛的机制，疗效和副作用，是一种有效的治疗方法。     

辐射等效人工骨功能材料的设计及其实现

作者从X射线和γ光子与物质相互作用出发，根据骨组织的成分分布和辐射衰减特性，提出了射线能量与质量衰减系数之间的相关数学模型。该模型不仅为辐射等效人工骨材料的设计提供了依据，而且能为人工骨材料的选择和配方的确定提供具体的计算方法。