全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5052篇 |
免费 | 210篇 |
国内免费 | 504篇 |
专业分类
系统科学 | 51篇 |
丛书文集 | 140篇 |
教育与普及 | 45篇 |
理论与方法论 | 14篇 |
现状及发展 | 258篇 |
研究方法 | 2篇 |
综合类 | 5249篇 |
自然研究 | 7篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 17篇 |
2022年 | 76篇 |
2021年 | 59篇 |
2020年 | 71篇 |
2019年 | 62篇 |
2018年 | 61篇 |
2017年 | 87篇 |
2016年 | 74篇 |
2015年 | 141篇 |
2014年 | 188篇 |
2013年 | 144篇 |
2012年 | 272篇 |
2011年 | 241篇 |
2010年 | 209篇 |
2009年 | 280篇 |
2008年 | 294篇 |
2007年 | 377篇 |
2006年 | 397篇 |
2005年 | 348篇 |
2004年 | 362篇 |
2003年 | 342篇 |
2002年 | 338篇 |
2001年 | 260篇 |
2000年 | 232篇 |
1999年 | 167篇 |
1998年 | 144篇 |
1997年 | 99篇 |
1996年 | 95篇 |
1995年 | 60篇 |
1994年 | 65篇 |
1993年 | 37篇 |
1992年 | 39篇 |
1991年 | 33篇 |
1990年 | 32篇 |
1989年 | 21篇 |
1988年 | 14篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1955年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有5766条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Summary An ectomycorrhiza, a specialized root organ, is the result of a complex interaction leading to a finely-tuned symbiosis between a plant and a compatible ectomycorrhizal fungus. Ultrastructural observations combined with cytochemical and biochemical studies reveal that structural and metabolic changes in the symbiont cells lead to the final phenotype of the active ectomycorrhiza. In the present review these changes are interpreted as changes in gene expression and discussed within the context of ectomycorrhiza development. Recent genetic data indicate that the continued vegetative growth of the ectomycorrhizal hyphae and the root tissues, and their ability to switch to symbiotic organ formation, is basically controlled by developmentally critical genes. The activity of these symbiotic genes during the differentiation of ectomycorrhizas is associated with extensive changes in the concentration of particular polypeptides and protein biosynthesis. The present state of knowledge about the developmental biology of ectomycorrhizas allows only speculation about the events during their development.Puisant mes forces aux sources des galaxies En buvant la sève des arbres M. Jonasz 相似文献
32.
Thrombospondin (TSP) is a multifunctional glycoprotein which is synthesised by several cell types including osteoblasts, and incorporated into the extracellular matrix (ECM) of these cells. The function and regulation of TSP in bone is not clear. In this study, using a long term culture model of human osteoblast-like cells, we examined the distribution of TSP in the ECM and its modulation by added estradiol. In this model the osteoblast-like cells form a regular multilayer which continues to increase in depth up to 50 days post confluence. In the ECM of these cultures and in 19-week fetal bone, the bone markers osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase were diffusely distributed in the matrix. In contrast, labelling for TSP was concentrated, confined to the banded collagen and its immediately adjacent ECM. This pattern of labelling resembled that of the growth factors transforming growth factor-I (TGF), and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), with which TSP label co-localised. Labelling intensities were comparable between fetal bone and the in vitro material for TSP, TGF and IGF-I. TSP label was present by 10 days post confluence, reached a maximum by 20 days, and declined slowly thereafter, a time course which was similar to that of IGF-I. Incubation of osteoblast-like cell cultures with 17 estradiol resulted in an increase in multilayer depth and a maximal 3-fold increase in TSP labeling at 30 days as well as approximately 2-fold increases for TGF and IGF-I. The dose-response relationship for these responses to estradiol treatment was biphasic with maximal increases at 10–10 M–10–11 M of added estradiol. Treatment with 17 estradiol produced labelling intensities that were not significantly different from controls. Studies with other cell types have suggested that TSP may be involved in modulation of growth factor activity. The similarities between TSP, TGF and IGF-I, in terms of their distribution and regulation by 17 estradiol treatment, may indicate a role for TSP in modulating bone cell proliferation and function through interaction with local growth factors. 相似文献
33.
毛萍 《佛山科学技术学院学报(自然科学版)》1995,(3)
明清是石湾陶艺创作风格、艺术特色的奠基时期。明清石湾陶艺注重表现,富有生活气息,简约质朴,豪放自然,尤其在人物眼神与衣纹的刻划、“素胎烧制”等艺术表现技巧方面所作出的探索,终经后来历代艺人的发扬光大,已成为今天石湾陶艺所特有的“有意味的形式”,并展示出强烈的艺术魅力。 相似文献
34.
以满江红鱼腥藻(Aac)提取总DNA为模板,通过PCR技术,扩增得到其谷氨酰胺合成酶基因(glnA)上游区.经酶切得到409bp的片段,并将其连接到pBluescriptⅡks+上测序.将测序结果与Anabaena7120调控序列比较,有982%的同源性.在上游调控中也具有niflike和E.colilike启动子,值得注意的是,调节蛋白VF1的结合位点正好位于niflike启动子上.所克隆的片段不但对蓝藻固氮、泌氨的基因调控研究具有意义,也对表达载体的构建具有实用价值. 相似文献
35.
Cytosine deaminase gene ofEscherichia coli strain H-30 was cloned, and its initiation codon of ‘GTG’ was mutated to ‘ATG’ by PCR. Prokaryotic recombinant expression
vector pBV220-CD was constructed. Clone with high enzyme activity were selected by detecting their specific activity of cytosine
deaminase. 5-FC(5-FC, 5-fluorocytosine) could induce the lethal toxicity to cells containing active CD gene. DNA sequence
analysis indicated that there were 16 altered bases and 5 of them resulted in the alteration of amino acids in predicted peptide
by comparing DNA sequence of the clone H-30-CD-11 with high enzyme activity with CD gene reported in Gene Bank. 相似文献
36.
《科学通报(英文版)》1998,43(5):363-363
During the long period of time when people have been seeking for an effective therapeutic method for PD, the gene therapy has shown greater and greater advantages over other methods. It can be performed mainly in two ways: ex vivo and in vivo. With the former, TH gene as well as some neurotrophic factor genes (such as GDNF, BNDF genes) can be invited to some cell lines or primary cells thus forming engineered cells and then implanting them into brain. While with the latter, viral vectors including HSV-1, Ad, AAV that can be utilized to construct recombinant viruses, or non-virus vectors can be used to delived DNA into brain directly. The present review summarizes the recent research advances in the gene therapy for PD, and it is reasonable for us to predict a notable progress in prevention and treatment for PD in the next decade. 相似文献
37.
38.
研究了室温下(15℃)鳗骨油在空气中的自氧化速度,以及温度和贮藏条件对鳗骨油氧化速度的影响。实验所设的温度梯度分别为6℃、15℃、35℃,贮藏条件分别是敞口,密封(蜡封)和用N2驱除氧气后密封保存。实验结果显示,室温下鳗骨油在空气中的自氧化速度,敞口存放4天,过氧化值就已超过0.15;温度和贮藏条件对鳗骨油的氧化速度有显著影响,驱除氧气低温贮藏可以有效地防止鳗骨油的氧化。 相似文献
39.
The nuclear capsid protein gene (vp39) ofBombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) was amplified successfully by PCR technique and inserted into pGEM 3zf(+). The 5′ and
3′ terminal area of the amplified vp39 gene were sequenced with silver-staining dideoxy method. Bmvp39 gene was sub-cloned
into the expression vector pRSET-A, and transformed intoE. coli BL21. This gene was highly expressed by IPTG induction. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the expressed protein is about 38 kd,
and the expressed amount reached maxium in 4 h with IPTG induction.
Supported by the National Natural science Foundation of China and the Doctoral Foundation of Edn carto Committee
Liu Deli: born in 1954, Doctoral Candidate from Huazhong Normal University To whom correspondence should be addressed: (027-7882712-2938) 相似文献
40.
对采用注射法导入外源基因的棉铃,在激素种类、不同生态条件、结铃部位、结铃性、整枝方式等方面进行分析,探讨了导入棉铃落铃机理和提高导入棉铃成铃率的技术途径。 相似文献