Mating behaviour and maternal care in the tropical savanna funnel-web spider Aglaoctenus lagotis Holmberg (Araneae: Lycosidae)

Despite their abundance and diversity, Neotropical spiders have been the subject of relatively few studies of behavioural ecology. The sexual behaviour and maternal care of the spider Aglaoctenus lagotis (Lycosidae) is described here. We performed experimental manipulations to test the hypothesis that males are attracted by female cues in the web. Two predictions were tested: (a) webs used by a virgin female will attract more males than webs used by an inseminated female; (b) the main cue in the web is chemical, so webs recently used by virgin females will attract more males than those that are not recently used. Additionally, we tested the hypothesis that maternal care increases offspring survivorship. Results showed that males are attracted by recently used webs (z = 0.0015; p = 0.037; z-test) and webs of virgin females (z = 0.041; p = 0.036, z-test). Male sexual behaviour presented three different categories: court, pre-mate and mate. After the mating, the females built a cocoon that was transported adhered to the spinnerets and held by the last pair of legs. After the hatching of the eggs, the young migrated to the dorsal region of the mother's body for 5 days. During maternal care the mother eliminates a yellowish drop from its oral cavity, which is collected by the young. During the development of the young until adulthood, the offspring that have their mother present in the first stages of life have greater survival compared with those without maternal care. Our results make it possible to perform comparative analyses between a South American Lycosidae species and other species distributed worldwide.     

中国的出口扩张是否影响了健康?——基于Grossman模型的拓展分析

在全球经济复苏乏力的背景下,"逆全球化"浪潮正以不可思议的速度席卷全球,并顺势引导着我们重新审视"全球化"的益处及其隐形成本.鉴于目前并没有相关文献从理论上探讨出口扩张对健康的影响,本文以中国改革开放以来迅猛的出口扩张为背景进行了首次探索.本文构建了一个工人们与其雇主讨价还价的企业出口模型框架.厂商依据利润最大化原理选择最优的资本、劳动和原材料的投入之后,每个工人也会选择"最优的工作努力程度"使得努力的边际收益等于努力的边际成本.然后.依据Grossman健康需求模型.本文系统地探讨了由外生性原因引致的出口扩张影响工人健康的五个路径,包括工作强度,工资率,收入差距,公共服务和环境污染.最后,依据文章结论提出相应的政策建议.     

体域网中基于特征组合的步态行为识别

物联网(internet of things,IOT)拥有无处不在的识别、传感和通信能力,体域网(body area network,BAN)属于物联网中和人体相关的领域,其应用广泛,可以在日常生活中对人们进行监测及提供帮助.行走是许多日常活动的基本环节,因而步态分析能为体域网应用提供重要的生理行为信息.现有的步态分析已取得一定的研究成果,但仍存在一些问题,例如大多数步态特征提取是对加速度信号进行6重以上的变换,使得特征达到了45维以上,最后需要通过降维或优化来简化特征,较为复杂.本文设计一种灵活便捷的数据采集系统,并利用小波变换、傅里叶变换和四分位差提取出加速度信号中比较简单、低维度但能反应运动特征的步态参数,之后通过模式识别算法进行步态行为识别验证.实验结果表明该系统使用方便,特征提取方法简单实用,识别精确度为97%,EER(equal error rate)最小可到0.9%.     

Wick类型随机广义Kdv-MKdv方程的精确解

通过埃尔米特变换将Wick类型的随机广义Kdv MKdv方程变成广义系数Kdv MKdv方程, 利用截断展开法求出广义系数Kdv MKdv方程的精确解, 并通过埃尔米特逆变换得到了随机广义Kdv MKdv方程的精确解.     

甲醛对人体健康的危害及防治

进入了新纪元,大量的建筑材料被使用,装修材料质量参差不齐,给人们的实际生活带来了很大的危害.其中尤其以装修材料中所富含的甲醛对人体健康的危害最大.笔者针对这一问题提出自己的一点看法和建议,主要目的是为了提醒广大消费者维护自己的权益,做到及时有效的防治.     

一类奇摄动初值问题解的渐近展开

用边界函数法研究了一类奇摄动初值问题解的渐近展开问题,证明了解的存在惟一性,并给出该解的渐近分析.     

基于对偶四元数的航姿系统姿态更新算法研究

以微小型捷联航姿参考系统为研究对象,建立基于对偶四元数的导航系统姿态更新解算参数模型。该方法区别于描述刚体纯旋转变换的四元数方法,将载体系与地理系之间坐标转换的旋转与平移过程进行统一、融合,通过建立最小方差目标方程,求解最优的姿态更新矩阵。构建Kalman滤波方程,最终确定载体姿态,航向角实时信息。仿真表明,对偶四元数所建姿态四元数误差的均值与均方差均小于0.002。Kalman滤波器构造符合实际系统要求,在传感器测量精度有限的情况下,可使俯仰角、横滚角、航向角误差分别减小到0.1°,0.1°,0.2°。     

Coilin levels and modifications influence artificial reporter splicing

Cajal bodies (CBs) and Gems are nuclear domains that contain factors responsible for spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) biogenesis. The marker protein for CBs is coilin. In addition to snRNPs, coilin and other factors, canonical CBs contain the survivor of motor neuron protein (SMN). SMN can also localize to Gems. Considering the important role that coilin plays in the formation and composition of CBs, we tested the splicing efficiency of several cell lines that vary in regards to coilin level and modification using an artificial reporter substrate. We found that cells with both hypomethylated coilin and Gems are more efficient at reporter splicing compared to cells in which SMN localizes to CBs. In contrast, coilin reduction, which induces Gem formation, decreases cell proliferation and artificial reporter splicing. These findings demonstrate that coilin modifications or levels impact artificial reporter splicing, possibly by influencing snRNP biogenesis. Received 26 December 2007; received after revision 5 February 2008; accepted 7 February 2008     

复杂规划问题的证据合成寻优方法及在电源规划中的应用

模拟人类寻优思维,将下降可行方向推广为证据合成网络,构造了证据合成算法和相应交互式寻优方法,并应用于电源规划问题     

Expansion of amino acid homo-sequences in proteins: Insights into the role of amino acid homo-polymers and of the protein context in aggregation

Expansion of amino acid homo-sequences, such as polyglutamines or polyalanines, in proteins has been directly implicated in various degenerative diseases through a mechanism of protein misfolding and aggregation. However, it is still unclear how the nature of the expansion and the protein context influence the tendency of a protein to aggregate. Here, we have addressed these questions using spinocerebellar ataxia type-3 (ATX3) protein, the best characterised of the polyglutamine proteins, chosen as a model system. Using a transfected mammalian cell line, we demonstrate that ATX3 aggregation is noticeably reduced by deletion or replacement of regions other than the polyglutamine tract. The nature of the amino acid homo-sequences also has a strong influence on aggregation. From our studies, we draw general conclusions on the effect of the protein architecture and of the amino acid homo-sequence on pathology. Received 3 March 2006; received after revision 19 April 2006; accepted 22 May 2006