累积复合轧制工艺晶粒细化机制对1060工业纯铝组织和性能的影响

采用累积复合轧制(ARB)技术的两种工艺路径,研究变形后1060工业纯铝的显微组织和力学性能变化. 结果显示:路径A的晶粒细化效果比路径B明显;ARB 7道次后,采用路径A的试样的显微组织由拉长的细小纤维状晶粒组成,路径B的试样由扁平状晶粒组成;路径A和路径B的试样的平均晶粒尺寸分别为470nm和680nm;路径A的试样的抗拉强度提高程度大于路径B. 1060工业纯铝在ARB过程中的强化机制主要是细晶强化. 初步分析了ARB过程中材料的变形规律和细小晶粒的形成机制.     

Ti/Si杂质对Al晶界影响的研究

根据局域密度泛函理论,用第一性原理的赝势方法计算了AlΣ9倾侧晶界掺杂Ti和Si元素前后的原子及电子结构,进而研究杂质偏析对Al晶界的影响.计算结果表明,两种情形均形成了较强的具有共价-金属混合性质的化学键,从而阻止了应力作用下的原子重组,所以均可归于"bond mobility model".     

Dynamic control on grain-size distribution of terrigenous sediments in the western South China Sea: Implication for East Asian monsoon evolution

High-resolution oxygen isotope stratigraphy of Core MD05-2901, which is located off eastern Vietnam in the western South China Sea （SCS）, was established and indicated that the core spans a time period of the past 450 ka. Based on the bulk density, fractional porosity and lithogenic content of the sediments, terrigenous mass accumulation rate （TMAR） was obtained, which is 4.9-6.0 g cm^-2 ka^-1 on average during interglacial stages, higher than that during glacial stages, i.e. 1.9-5.0 g cm^-2 ka^-1, which is different from northern and southern SCS which show higher TMAR in glacial stages. By principle component analysis of grain size distribution of all the samples, two main control factors （F1 and F2） were obtained, which are responsible for about 80% variance of granularity. The contents of grain size population 1.26-2.66 μm% and 10.8-14.3 μm% which are sensible to F1 show high-frequency fluctuation, and correlate well with the summer insolation at 15^o N. They exhibit a distinct cyclicity with frequencies near 23 ka and 13 ka, in contrast to a strong frequency peak near 100 ka obtained in proxies 4.24-7.42 μm% and 30.1-43.7 μm% controlled mainly by F2. The sedimentary character of this part of the SCS was controlled by variations of input flux from two main source areas, namely the southwest and north SCS, which were transported by different circulations of surface current forced by East Asian summer monsoon and winter monsoon respectively. We believe that the East Asian summer monsoon has fluctuated with high frequency and been forced by changes in solar insolation in low latitude associated with precession and half precession, while ice-volume forcing is probably a primary factor in determining the strength and timing of the East Asian winter monsoon but with less important insolation forcing.     

A comparative study of natural and experimental nano-sized grinding grain textures in rocks

In three shallow-level fault systems in eastern China, nano-sized （30-100 nm） grinding grain textures are found in the thin-shelled theological layer representing frictional-viscous high strain field. The surface layer near slipping plane is composed of stacks of grinding grains with high sphericity and uniform nano-sized diameter, while the underlying layer appears as a mixture of irregular ones with diverse diameters. Rock deformation experiments indicate that the grinding grain texture is a common phenomenon in shearing fractures, suggesting a potential transition from sliding friction to rolling one during the rock deformation process. This transition is crucial for many tribological processes in geological fields.     

Preparation of porous microstructures on NiTi alloy surface with femtosecond laser pulses

Porous microstructures on Nickel-Titanium （NiTi） alloy surfaces were prepared by linearly polarized femtosecond lasers with moving focal point at a certain speed. It was found that various novel micro- structures from feather-like ripples to cluster-like porous textures could be formed with increasing laser energy. Particularly, when the laser energy was 400 llJ, a periodic porous metal surface was gen- erated. Measurement of X-ray diffraction showed that the grains on the sample surface were refined through femtosecond laser ablation processes, but the crystal structures still kept their original states. Analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that Ni/l＂i on the sample surface was changed with an evident oxidization of titanium element under different laser energies. This investigation pro- vides a new approach to improve the biocompatibility of NiTi-based implant devices.     

Characteristics of paleoflood deposits archived in unit T0403 of Yuxi Site in the Three Gorges reservoir areas,China

Based on the detailed analyses,multi-proxies such as AMS 14 C dating,grain size,component and morphology of heavy minerals,micromorphology of zircon,magnetic susceptibility,Rb/Sr and Hg content are used to research the paleoflood sediments archived in the Yuxi Site.The research indicates that, since 7.6 kaBP,at least 16 times of paleoflood with water level above Wusong Elevation 147.024 m(a.s.l.) left deposits in the Neolithic layers of unit T0403 from the Yuxi Site.The results are induced from the following aspects:(1)The plaeoflood sediments take on great similarities with modern flood sediments in the Yuxi Site and Zhongba Site in probability cumulative curves which mainly show a pattern of 3 segments in fluvial pattern.(2)There is some resemblance between the heavy mineral components and the zircon shape characteristics of paleoflood deposits and those of modern flood deposits.(3) Magnetic susceptibility values(40.44―70.10SI)are lower than those of sediments from cultural layers (59.59―188.68SI).(4)Hg values(290.71―742.51 ng/g)are lower than those of sediments from cultural layers(344.16―10518.17 ng/g).(5)Rb/Sr values are higher than those of sediments from cultural layers, while those of the 4th,5th,6th,7th,8th cultural layers are high,which shows that they are inundated by paleoflood.The reason for many flood deposits existing is related to the site situated on the first terrace where the Yuxi River joins with the Yangtze River.As there are some similarities between the plaeoflood sediments and those of the Zhongba Site,it is feasible to confirm the existence of paleoflood sediments based on the above points.     

激光衍射粒度仪在连云港软土颗粒分析中的应用

采用马尔文(Malvern)公司生产的Mastersizer Micro(MAF5000)激光衍射粒度仪测定江苏连云港地区软土的粒度分布,对样品质量浓度、泵速、超声波强度与时间、分散剂选取等控制参数进行了优化设计,确定合适的控制参数,便于对相同类型的软土测量确定标准操作规程.将合适条件下测得的软土粒度分布与传统方法得到的结果进行了对比分析,结果表明,激光粒度仪测量的粒径分布范围较广,采集的数据点比传统方法要密,测量的精度要高于传统方法,因此可以用激光法代替传统方法,以快速准确地测得软土的粒度分布.     

施工阶段钢筋砼地下粮食筒仓仓壁受力分析

钢筋混凝土地下圆形粮食筒仓在施工过程中会出现只有仓底板和仓壁,而没有仓顶板的情况.利用有限单元法,分析了此种情况仓壁环向力、径向位移和竖向弯矩的大小以及分布情况.根据计算结果与使用阶段情况的对比,发现这种工况下仓壁拉应力峰值会增大,且最大压应力出现位置会向仓底移动,影响结构安全.实际工程设计时需要对结构认真复核.     

贵州省食物供需格局时空变化分析

为探究2000~2010年贵州省的食物供给时空变化,在分析各类食物产量变化趋势与耕地资源的基础上,采用营养物质转化公式及小康生活水平下营养需求标准,提取热量、蛋白质与脂肪关联数据,借助Arc GIS对贵州省及各区县的人口供养能力进行时空变化分析。研究得出:从整体来看,食物营养供给总量较为富余,营养物质供养人口能力:热量脂肪蛋白质,其中脂肪供给能力增长明显;从分县的数据来看,11年间三类营养物质县域自给自足数量增多,2010年热量、蛋白质与脂肪自给自足率分别达到91%、76%、81%;从分布上看,供应能力强的区域集中在遵义县及周边地区;研究期间内,旱地面积减少了14.79%,其中15°以上的坡耕地退耕显著,占减少总量的82%;水田面积变动不大,仅减少了0.8%。总体来看贵州省食物供给在全省和分县尺度下都存在时间与空间的不均衡。     

冷轧工艺对取向硅钢初次再结晶织构的影响

研究了取向硅钢制备过程中常见的两种冷轧工艺,主要研究了一阶段冷轧与两阶段冷轧+中间退火工艺对初次再结晶组织及织构的影响.结果表明:采用两阶段冷轧+中间退火工艺制备以Cu2S为主抑制剂的取向硅钢,其初次再结晶平均晶粒尺寸为181μm,高斯晶粒的体积分数为06%,迁移性强的重位点阵晶界(Σ5+Σ9)和高能晶界(20°~45°取向偏差角)所占比例分别为18%和504%.与一阶段冷轧工艺相比,其初次再结晶晶粒较细,且高斯晶核与特征晶界所占的比例较高,有利于高斯晶粒发生二次再结晶.