迭鞘石斛抗肿瘤作用动物实验研究

石斛是常用名贵中药材,为兰科（Orchidaeae）石斛属（Dendrobium）多种植物的新鲜或干燥茎的统称．石斛之名最早见于《山海经》,药用始载于《神农本草经》,称其“主伤中,除痹、下气、补五藏虚劳赢瘦、强阴,久服厚肠胃,轻身、延年”被列为上品．传统中医常将其用于滋阴清热、生津益胃、止咳润肺．现代药理研究表明石斛具有多种医药功效,可预防和治疗白内障,扩张血管,增强免疫功能,治疗肿瘤,在临床中应用相当广泛．     

一种紫杉醇缓释剂抑制前列腺癌小鼠模型中肿瘤生长的研究

设计一种紫杉醇的缓释制剂,并评估这种药物在瘤内注射后,对小鼠荷瘤模型中人局限性前列腺肿瘤细胞的治疗效果。在室温下,将PLC和PEG的三聚体与水溶性MePEG以50:50比例混合,并加入10%(w/w)的紫杉醇。将100μL的LN-CaP细胞,注射至阉割后的雄性裸鼠侧腹肋间皮下。观察肿瘤的进展,监测其体积。通过DNA片段电泳分析观测肿瘤细胞的凋亡情况。结果在小鼠阉割5周后,早期治疗组(雄性激素不依赖组)和晚期治疗组,肿瘤体积平均从(233±136)mm3逐渐退行至消失。说明对于那些放疗后复发的和不能进行手术治疗的局限性前列腺癌患者,缓释注射紫杉醇很有可能成为一个有效的治疗方法。     

激光诱导间质热疗中血流冷却效应的模拟

为研究激光诱导间质热疗过程中血管冷却对于生物组织内温度场和损伤度的影响,建立了包含单根血管的双层模型。由M on te C arlo模拟方法得到组织内的激光能量分布,采用有限差分法求解Pennes生物传热方程和血流换热能量方程得到组织内温度场,通过A rrhen ius速率过程方程得到组织损伤度。利用此模型,比较研究了不同血管情况下组织的温度场和损伤度。模拟结果表明,血管直径及血流速度是影响热疗中血管附近组织温度场和损伤度的重要因素。在模拟的5W功率条件下,当血管直径大于1mm时,如果仍采用与无血管情况下相同的治疗方案将可能导致无法完全杀死肿瘤而使热疗失去疗效。     

解聚复肾宁对糖尿病肾病大鼠TNF—OL、MCP-1的影响

目的观察解聚复肾宁（Jiejufushenning,JJFSN）对糖尿病（Diabetes mellitus,DM）大鼠肾组织肿瘤坏死因子-α（Tumorneerosisfactor-alpha,TNF-α）、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,MCP-1）和血清TNF-α的影响,探讨其肾保护作用机制。方法腹腔注射链脲佐菌素（Streptozotocin,STZ）建立SD大鼠DM模型,将成模DM大鼠随机分为3组：DM模型组（B组）、JJFSN组（C组）、厄贝沙坦（Irbesartan）组（D组）,另设正常对照组（A组）。采用相应干预措施处理12周。常规方法测定12周末各组大鼠空腹血糖（FBG）、血尿素氮（BUN）、血肌酐（Scr）、肾重／体重（KW／BW）、24h尿蛋白（24huFro）;放免法测血清TNF-α含量：免疫组织化学方法测肾组织TNF—Ot、MCP-1的表达;PAS染色评估细胞外基质;电镜观察肾组织超微结构改变。结果与A组相比．B组大鼠FBG、BUN、Scr、KW／BW、24huPro及血清TNF-α升高（P〈0．05）,肾组织TNF—Ot、MCP-1表达明显增高（P〈0．05）;肾组织超微结构明显异常;C组和D组上述指标显著改善（P〈0．05）,肾组织超微结构异常改善。结论竹FSN能延缓DM大鼠肾损害进程,其机制可能与抑制TNF-α、MCP-1上调有关。     

CT诊断甲状腺肿块18例临床分析

目的探讨甲状腺肿块的CT诊断价值。方法回顾分析18例甲状腺肿块的CT特征,并与手术病理对照。结果CT诊断18例甲状腺肿块与手术病理符合率的情况：（1）结节性甲状腺肿7例,诊断符合率71％（5／7）;（2）甲状腺腺瘤8例,诊断符合率63％（5／8）;（3）甲状腺癌3例,诊断符合率67％（2／3）。结论CT对甲状腺肿块的诊断虽然有很大价值,但是部分甲状腺肿块CT表现无特征性,定位诊断准确,定性诊断困难。     

肝癌细胞系Hep3B中CD133+细胞亚群的分离及其特性的研究

目的研究CD133在人肝癌细胞系Hep3B中的表达以及CD133+细胞的体外增殖、自我更新及体内成瘤能力,初步探讨肝癌中CD133+细胞亚群的干细胞特性。方法流式细胞仪检测未分选的Hep3B细胞中CD133+细胞表达情况;免疫磁珠分选技术纯化CD133+肿瘤细胞;MTT法检测CD133+细胞体外增殖能力;无血清培养纯化...     

Roles of the Major Apoptotic Nuclease-DNA Fragmentation Factor-in Biology and Disease

It has now been more than ten years since the discovery of the major apoptotic nuclease, DNA fragmentation factor (DFF), also known as caspaseactivated DNase (CAD). Here we review the recent literature that has uncovered new insight into DFF’s regulation, and both its positive and negative roles in human disease. Cells from mice deficient in DFF still undergo apoptotic death without significant cellautonomous DNA degradation. Their corpses’ genomes are subsequently degraded by lysosomal DNase II after phagocytosis. However,DFF-deficient mice are more susceptible to cancer. Indeed, several different cancers in humans are associated with defects in DFF expression and it has been proposed that DFF is a p53-independent tumor suppressor. Negative aspects of DFF expression include contributing to susceptibility to acquire systemic lupus erythematosus, to chromosomal translocations that result in mixed lineage leukemias, and in the possible spreading of oncogenes and HIV due to horizontal gene transfer. Received 06 August 2008; received after revision 03 September 2008; accepted 09 September 2008     

Cbln and C1q family proteins – New transneuronal cytokines

The C1q family is characterized by a C-terminal conserved global C1q domain, which is structurally very similar to the tumor necrosis factor homology domain. Although some C1q family members are expressed in the central nervous system, their functions have not been well characterized. Cbln1, a member of the Cbln subfamily of the C1q family, is predominantly expressed in cerebellar granule cells. Interestingly, Cbln1 was recently shown to play two unique roles at excitatory synapses formed between cerebellar granule cells and Purkinje cells: the formation and stabilization of synaptic contact, and the control of functional synaptic plasticity by regulating the postsynaptic endocytosis pathway. Since other Cbln subfamily members, Cbln2-Cbln4, are expressed in various regions of developing and mature brains, Cbln subfamily proteins may generally serve as a new class of transneuronal regulators of synapse development and synaptic plasticity in various brain regions.