X－ray reflectivity investigation of the foam bilayer film formed by hexaethylene glycol dodecyl ether

When the thickness of soap foam film varies in adefinite region, color changes of a soap bubble will be observed due to the interference of light. Black soap films are the final stages of thinning of soap films due to the drainage of water in the absence of evaporation and are generally formed from solutions of an ionic surfactant in the presence of salt. After a bubble is formed, in the beginning the soap film is relatively thick and it appearswhite; then the film thins gradually and finally …     

黑洞熵公式的简单推导

　Black hole is treated as 2-D membrane. Starting from the usual state equation of thermal radiation, the black hole entropy is technically computed, and the result that is proportional to the area of horizon is briefly obtained.     

黑土水稳性团聚体测定方法研究

研究不同浸润方式、浸润时间和浸提剂对黑土水稳性团聚体总量和在各粒级间分布的影响，以及砾石对水稳性团聚体含量的贡献率。结果表明：非真空慢速浸润方式最适合黑土团聚体的测定；团聚体含量随浸润时间变化不显著；蒸馏水比自来水浸提出更多的团聚体；乙醇溶液对有机质含量较高的黑土保护作用不显著；黑土砾石含量较少，对团聚体含量的构成可以忽略。表4，参10。     

免耕对黑土蚯蚓数量和土壤密度的影响

以自2001年秋在吉林省德惠市中层黑土上进行的耕作定位试验小区为研究对象,对比免耕和常规耕作对东北黑土蚯蚓数量和土壤密度的影响.试验设计为裂区随机区组设计(免耕和常规秋翻两个处理),4个区组,种植作物为玉米和大豆.在玉米6叶期和8月末或9月初两次测定蚯蚓数量,土壤密度秋收后测定.采用SAS软件对2004～2006年的蚯蚓数量和土壤密度进行方差分析.试验结果表明,耕作方式、作物类型和采样时间对蚯蚓数量的影响较大,均达显著差异(P《0.05).免耕处理的蚯蚓数量是秋翻处理蚯蚓数量的2.4倍,种植大豆的蚯蚓数量是种植玉米蚯蚓数量的1.6倍,第1次的蚯蚓数量是第2次蚯蚓数量的1.9倍.耕作方式和作物类型对土壤密度没有显著影响.虽然免耕处理使5cm～10cm的土壤密度略有增加,但免耕的土壤密度与秋翻的土壤密度相比,并无显著差异.因此,同常规秋翻相比,免耕明显增加土壤中的蚯蚓数量,而且不会引起土壤的板结.     

Symbolic Significance of Colors in the Novel The Color Purple

This paper mainly explains the symbolic significance of colors in the novel The Color Purple by using theory of Alice Walker's Womaism.Black,in The Color Purple stands for humbleness,blue for a life of impulse,red for liberty and hope,purple for women's consummate happiness.And the choice of "purple" as its title,conceives a purple centered symbolic color system,which reveals the black women's expectation for living an ideal happy life.Walker gives an expression of black women's political condition,state of life under the racial and sexual oppression.Her intentions are to arouse women's consciousness of self and to call on them to be self-respected,self-supported and eventually be self-liberated.     

引力场是产生熵之源还是吸收熵之沟

首先对Penrose以及Bekenstein等人有关物质熵和熵的演化的基本论述作了扼要介绍,揭示出他们理论的核心论点是:确认Clausius熵增加原理是适用于宇宙物质一切演化过程的普适原理,把物质熵的增加方向规定为唯一(可观测)的时间箭头方向.进一步剖析了Penrose等人关于熵的演化理论中存在的基本矛盾,最后通过对正、负能谱系统中熵的演化理论的建立,有力地批驳了Penrose等关于熵和熵的演化理论中的错误论点,并对物质熵的具体演化过程进行了理论自恰的论述.     

赤水金钗石斛黑斑病菌生物学特性及防治研究

 对金钗石斛黑斑病菌的生物学特性、培养性状及形态等研究表明,病原菌为细极链格孢菌(Al-ternaria tenuissima).适宜菌丝生长的温度为5~35℃,最适温度为25℃,分生孢子萌发的温度范围为5~35℃,最适温度为25℃.光照对菌丝生长和孢子萌发无明显的影响.药效试验表明:10%苯醚甲环唑67μg/mL,64%恶霜灵1 607μg/mL对菌丝的抑菌率均为100%,90%乙磷铝的抑菌效果不明显.     

两维整体单极黑洞时空中的Casimir效应

 两维整体单极黑洞事件视界附近的一个薄层作为Casimir型系统,得到了在Boulware真空、Hartle-Hawking真空和Unruh真空的能动张量.这些值都是在满足Dirichlet边界条件的无质量标量场中得到.应用Wald公理得到了用通常的正规化方法得到的结果.同时,计算了在渐进平直时空下的能量、能量密度和作用在Dirichlet边界上的压强,并由能量得到了Casimir力.     

Estimation and prediction of black carbon emissions in Beijing City

Black carbon is a by-product of incomplete combustion of carbon containing fuels. It can alter atmospheric radiation property and make adverse impacts on human health. The energy consumption in Beijing City depends largely on coal burning. Recently, Beijing City has been performing the municipal energy structure adjustment as a tool for air pollution abatement, aiming at the air quality goal for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. Based on Beijing energy use data in 2000, combined with emission factors of major sources of black carbon, the emission of black carbon in Beijing City is estimated to be 7.77 Gg. Coke, raw coal and biomass as non-commercial energy are the main contributors to municipal black carbon emissions. Based on Beijing energy planning in the year 2008, the emission of black carbon in 2008 will be 2.97 Gg if the contribution from biomass is not taken into account. Assuming that the black carbon emission from rural biomass in 2008 is the same as that in 2004, the biomass burning will be the largest emitter of black carbon to Beijing City in 2008.     

困扰当代天体物理的若干未解之谜问题的探索与发现(一)

本文在广义相对论的理论框架内，应用相对论性牛顿万有引力定律和非黎曼几何的传统力学分析方法，对当代天体物理中一系列根本性问题（1．恒星、星系生死循环演化的基本规律和内部结构；2．第一类黑洞的基本极限物理特性；3．大尺度天体层次结构演化的基本规律；4．总星系的结构——双饱和稳定临界黑洞——第二类黑洞；5．宇宙的结构；6．大爆炸标准宇宙模型的真伪性）作了较系统深入的探索研究，得到了一系列很有意义的新结果．