关于山东土壤年龄的探讨

我们依据第四纪地质、考古和历史自然地理学资料,通过分析山东各类土壤母质的形成时期,推论各类土壤的成土年龄。认为一般情况下,山东土壤的年龄不大于2400年。     

龙虾叶状幼体弧菌病防治的研究

对龙虾叶状幼体弧菌病采用多项措施，多种药物防治对比试验研究，总结出用沙－活性炭过滤海水，减少水体病原菌量，用漂白粉消毒水池和用具，杜绝污染源，用土毒素药浴亲虾，避免病原菌由卵带入，选用体格健壮的中年亲虾，保证孵化出的叶状幼体有旺盛的生命力，投放光合细菌、金藻、扁藻、丰年虫幼体、文蛤肉喂叶状幼体，改善叶状幼体营养，增强叶状幼体抗病力，利用光合细菌加速培育水体中有机物分解，净化水质，恶化病原菌生存环境     

The role of repair in radiobiology

Summary Apart from cancer and mutation induction, radiobiological effects on mammals are mostly attributable to cell death, defined as loss of proliferative capacity. Survival curves relate retention of that capacity to radiation dose, and often manifest a quasi-threshold (shoulder). The shoulder is attributable to an initial mechanism of repair (Q-repair) which is gradually depleted as dose increases. Another form of repair, which is not depleted (P-repair), increases the dose required to deliver an average of one lethal event per cell (dose D₀). Neither form of repair can unambiguously be linked with repair of defects in isolated DNA. An important initial lesion may well be disruption of the complex structural relationship between the DNA, nuclear membrane and associated proteins. One form of P-repair may be restoration of that structural relationship.     

Bromocriptine-induced removal of endoplasmic membranes from prolactinoma cells

Summary Adenomatous prolactin cells lose 39% of their cytoplasm volume within 7 days after the beginning of bromocriptine treatment. A simultaneous reduction of the rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus occurs. Their membranes are removed by rapid transport along the secretory pathway to the cell surface and to lysosomal destruction.We thank Prof. E. del Pozo, Sandoz Ltd, Basle, for the generous gift of injectable bromocriptine, Prof. E.R. Weibel, Dept. of Anatomy, University of Bern, for his technical advice, Dr U. Helfenstein, Institute of Biostatistics, University of Zürich, for his help in the statistical evaluation of the results and the EMDO-Foundation, Zürich, for financial support.     

微生物共培养产生新颖活性次生代谢产物的研究进展

微生物源天然产物是药物先导化合物的重要资源之一.近年来,利用微生物共培养产生各类天然产物的研究发展迅速.微生物共培养是一种通过模拟（微生物）栖息地/栖息环境以激活可能的沉默生物合成基因簇并进而诱导微生物产生新次生代谢物的有效方法.与菌株纯培养相比,共培养不仅增加了次级代谢产物的种类多样性,而且其生物活性及产量也得到了提高.文章就近5年来真菌与真菌、真菌与细菌、细菌与细菌等3种类型的微生物共培养研究成果进行了综述,同时简要介绍了用于分析共培养作用机制的多组学技术,并在此基础上探讨了微生物共培养相互作用机制研究的进展及挑战.综述旨在为微生物共培养的深入研究提供借鉴,并为微生物药物的开发提供新思路.     

Energy flow and community structure in freshwater ecosystems

The goal of this article is twofold: 1) It aims at providing an overview on some major results obtained from energy flow studies in individuals, populations, and communities, and 2) it will also focus on major mechanisms explaining community structures. The basis for any biological community to survive and establish a certain population density is on the one hand energy fixation by primary producers together with adequate nutrient supply and the transfer of energy between trophic levels (bottom-up effect). On the other hand, predator pressures may strongly control prey population densities one or more trophic levels below (top-down effect). Other interpopulation effects include competition, chemical interactions and evolutionary genetic processes, which further interact and result in the specific structuring of any community with respect to species composition and population sizes.     

智能材料与智能建筑结构

综述了智能材料与智能蛄构的研究与应用,着重论连了智能材料应用在建筑工程中彤成智能建筑结构,使建筑结构本身不仅具有承受荷戢的能力,而且还具有识别、分析、判断和驱动功能及自诊断、自适应和自修复功能。     

海南岛美洲斑潜蝇生物学特性及其防治研究

通过室内饲养观察和田间系统调查,研究了海南岛美洲斑潜蝇的生物学特性,并采用干扰作用控制指数（ＩＰＣ）评价了几种杀虫剂对美洲斑潜蝇种群的控制作用．结果表明：１）该虫在海南年发生１９～２０代,卵历期２～４ｄ,幼虫历期３～７ｄ,蛹历期７ｄ,成虫寿命在１５ｄ左右;２）１．８％集琦虫螨克和１％农哈哈对美洲斑潜蝇种群控制效果较好,其干扰作用控制指数分别为０．１１６和０．１１１;而９８％的巴丹对美洲斑潜蝇种群控制效果较差,ＩＰＣ值为０．２４６;４０％的氧化乐果的控制效果最差,ＩＰＣ值为０．３０１     

贮氢合金的开发与研究进展

贮氢合金是近年来开发的一类新型高性能材料。本文介绍了贮氢合金的开发和研究的最新进展,论述了它在氢的提纯、热泵、空调、压缩机和镍—氢化物电池等高技术领域中的应用前景。     

复合材料设计的原理与实践

对复合材料设计的原理与实践进行简要介绍,对其研究现状与发展趋势进行评述．重点在于工程结构复合材料,特别是航空航天领域应用的先进复合材料,重点是仿生与机敏材料设计,材料设计的目的是实现材料性能优化．