You are what you eat: native versus exotic Crotalaria species (Fabaceae) as host plants of the Ornate Bella Moth,Utetheisa ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae)

Crotalaria plants and Utetheisa ornatrix are closely linked to each other: the larvae destroy the seeds, while the moth depends on hostplants for alkaloids. To better understand the ongoing co-evolution, the present study examines how native hostplants compare to exotic ones. Leaf-feeding on Crotalaria pumila, C. rotundifolia, and C. incana, native to the moth’s range, led to faster larval development than on the exotic C. lanceolata, C. spectabilis, and C. pallida. Seed-feeding on all species of Crotalaria led to accelerated larval development and a resultant larger adult moth, and correlates with a higher nitrogen content in the plant tissues. These results add a novel dimension to the previous studies of reproductive biology of this model organism. In controlled settings, mature larvae showed preference for leaves of C. spectabilis over those of other species, perhaps due to the higher alkaloid content. Differences in morphology and phenology of Crotalaria determine the ecology of U. ornatrix populations in Florida. The introduction of novel hostplants, on which U. ornatrix can have a significant negative effect and which are of concern to humans as invasive toxic weeds, has greatly expanded the niche occupied by this moth. Possible co-evolution of Utetheisa sensu lato and plant defences in the genus Crotalaria is discussed.     

两相厌氧生物技术处理环氧树脂生产废水

研究采用两相厌氧生物技术处理环氧树脂生产废水。试验结果表明:经过AMBR和EGSB反应器处理后,COD去除率达到91%,SS去除率达到67%;进水在产酸器AMBR反应后,pH值由6.8降至5.86,VFA由1265 mg/L升至3862 mg/L,酸化效果较好;经产甲烷器EGSB反应后,pH值和VFA分别为7.61和206 mg/L,产甲烷效果良好;经过后续工艺SBR处理后,出水符合国家污水综合排放标准。     

浅述现代城市生物多样性的保护——以合肥市的绿化建设为例

以合肥市绿化建设为例,通过对现代城市生物多样性保护的目标、措施与管理对策的浅述,引起人们对城市生物多样性保护的重视,深入探讨、研究.     

基于仿真驱动的高速公路主动限速效用评价与推荐

传统的路侧被动限速方式对于特定的惩处区域以外缺少管控,间接导致车辆行为在时空上的不一致性甚至突变,影响了交通的通行效率与安全性。从车侧主动限速方式入手,提出主动限速效用评价与推荐方法,结合道路线形、交通流量、车型比例,开展多情景主动、被动限速交通仿真,利用安全间接分析模型及交通流运行状态,从安全与效率2个层面提取效用评价指标及其权重,采用集成学习方法进行预测分析。结果显示：主动限速方式相较于被动限速方式更有利于提高安全性和调节效率,而在主动限速方面,GBDT(gradient boosting decision tree)回归模型的预测稳定性和准确率更高(R²=0.984)。     

补中益气汤在腹股沟疝术后康复中的应用

为明确补中益气汤联合生物补片治疗腹股沟疝的疗效及预后,通过临床对照及随访研究,将腹股沟疝患者随机分为聚丙烯补片组、生物补片组和联合组,指标包括围手术期临床指标、术后疼痛视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分,以及1年随访期间的并发症、复发和再手术发生率。结果显示,联合组的术后住院时间,术后1、3和7 d的VAS评分均显著短于其他2组,术后1年随访时联合组及生物补片组的慢性疼痛、异物感、总并发症发生率及复发率均低于聚丙烯组;说明补中益气汤联合生物补片治疗腹股沟疝的安全性好,可促进术后康复,具有缓解术后疼痛、缩短住院天数的优势。     

公路边坡生物防护与路域生态恢复

从路域生态恢复的目的出发,针对边坡防护是新建公路路域生态恢复的难点和重点．对公路路堑边坡生物防护技术措施进行了探讨．对公路建设的景观设计、施工具有一定的参考价值。     

Forecasting economic indicators using a consumer sentiment index: Survey‐based versus text‐based data

Given the confirmed effectiveness of the survey‐based consumer sentiment index (CSI) as a leading indicator of real economic conditions, the CSI is actively used in making policy judgments and decisions in many countries. However, although the CSI offers qualitative information for presenting current conditions and predicting a household's future economic activity, the survey‐based method has several limitations. In this context, we extracted sentiment information from online economic news articles and demonstrated that the Korean cases are a good illustration of applying a text mining technique when generating a CSI using sentiment analysis. By applying a simple sentiment analysis based on the lexicon approach, this paper confirmed that news articles can be an effective source for generating an economic indicator in Korea. Even though cross‐national comparative research results are suited better than national‐level data to generalize and verify the method used in this study, international comparisons are quite challenging to draw due to the necessary linguistic preprocessing. We hope to encourage further cross‐national comparative research to apply the approach proposed in this study.     

Observations of water-flea Daphnia magna and avian fecalia in rock pools: is traditional natural history reporting still relevant for science?

Unexpected observation of freshwater invertebrate Daphnia magna in temporary rock pools on a small island off the Norwegian Atlantic coast confirms colonising ability, mediated through avian dispersal. Robust diapausal eggs of D. magna pass the gut of migrating geese and subsequently hatch in environments where such waterfowl forage and rest along migrating routes. The incubation experiment demonstrates that decomposing fecalia of geese constitute sufficient feed to support developing populations of D. magna in experimental oligotrophic conditions. The findings also show that D. magna is highly adapted for colonisation of temporary pools north of the Arctic Polar Circle, with excellent tolerance to low temperatures. Discussion part I relates the findings to published evidence on avian transport of invertebrate propagules, such as correlations between migration patterns of waterfowl and geographical patterns of aquatic invertebrate diversity. Discussion part II reflects on academic cultures, epistemological aspects of natural history reporting, the presence of a whale cadaver as an ecological indicator and the relevance of simple observation as a starting point for further discourse.     

基于变异系数权重的灰色关联投影法在安全绩效评价中的应用

在提出施工企业安全绩效评价指标体系的基础上,运用灰色关联投影法对企业安全绩效进行评价。为避免指标的相对重要程度因人为赋权的主观性影响和指标权重分配的均衡化以及指标之间因量纲不同而对权重的影响,采取了变异系数法来对各指标确定权重。之后针对实地考察的施工企业进行实证分析,运用比较安全学的思想对安全绩效进行纵向对比,依据评价体系灰色关联度大小来判断施工企业安全绩效的水平高低。进而诊断出各企业安全绩效的优劣,为同类型的企业实际开展安全绩效评价提供指导性的方向和建议。     

模板法制备CexZr1-xO2及催化餐饮废油合成生物柴油

以松木为模板,使用模板法制备了不同铈锆含量的Ce_xZr_1-xO₂复合氧化物的催化剂,用于餐饮废油与甲醇进行酯交换反应合成生物柴油.采用BET、SEM对Ce_xZr_1-xO₂进行表征分析.研究不同制备方法、CeO₂的负载量和煅烧温度对催化剂活性的影响,以及不同的酯交换反应条件对生物柴油产率的影响.制备的Ce_xZr_1-xO₂具有松木的生物形态,并有助于催化剂形成多孔道结构.以Ce_xZr_1-xO₂为催化剂,考察甲醇和餐饮废油的酯交换反应.结果表明：当x=0.5,煅烧温度为600℃时,甲醇与餐饮废油物质的量比为60：1,催化剂用量（基于餐饮废油的质量）的质量分数为5%,反应温度为190℃,反应时间为6 h的反应条件下,酯交换反应的甲酯收率达到91.1%.