Observations of water-flea Daphnia magna and avian fecalia in rock pools: is traditional natural history reporting still relevant for science?

Unexpected observation of freshwater invertebrate Daphnia magna in temporary rock pools on a small island off the Norwegian Atlantic coast confirms colonising ability, mediated through avian dispersal. Robust diapausal eggs of D. magna pass the gut of migrating geese and subsequently hatch in environments where such waterfowl forage and rest along migrating routes. The incubation experiment demonstrates that decomposing fecalia of geese constitute sufficient feed to support developing populations of D. magna in experimental oligotrophic conditions. The findings also show that D. magna is highly adapted for colonisation of temporary pools north of the Arctic Polar Circle, with excellent tolerance to low temperatures. Discussion part I relates the findings to published evidence on avian transport of invertebrate propagules, such as correlations between migration patterns of waterfowl and geographical patterns of aquatic invertebrate diversity. Discussion part II reflects on academic cultures, epistemological aspects of natural history reporting, the presence of a whale cadaver as an ecological indicator and the relevance of simple observation as a starting point for further discourse.     

两相厌氧生物技术处理环氧树脂生产废水

研究采用两相厌氧生物技术处理环氧树脂生产废水。试验结果表明:经过AMBR和EGSB反应器处理后,COD去除率达到91%,SS去除率达到67%;进水在产酸器AMBR反应后,pH值由6.8降至5.86,VFA由1265 mg/L升至3862 mg/L,酸化效果较好;经产甲烷器EGSB反应后,pH值和VFA分别为7.61和206 mg/L,产甲烷效果良好;经过后续工艺SBR处理后,出水符合国家污水综合排放标准。     

浅述现代城市生物多样性的保护——以合肥市的绿化建设为例

以合肥市绿化建设为例,通过对现代城市生物多样性保护的目标、措施与管理对策的浅述,引起人们对城市生物多样性保护的重视,深入探讨、研究.     

You are what you eat: native versus exotic Crotalaria species (Fabaceae) as host plants of the Ornate Bella Moth,Utetheisa ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae)

Crotalaria plants and Utetheisa ornatrix are closely linked to each other: the larvae destroy the seeds, while the moth depends on hostplants for alkaloids. To better understand the ongoing co-evolution, the present study examines how native hostplants compare to exotic ones. Leaf-feeding on Crotalaria pumila, C. rotundifolia, and C. incana, native to the moth’s range, led to faster larval development than on the exotic C. lanceolata, C. spectabilis, and C. pallida. Seed-feeding on all species of Crotalaria led to accelerated larval development and a resultant larger adult moth, and correlates with a higher nitrogen content in the plant tissues. These results add a novel dimension to the previous studies of reproductive biology of this model organism. In controlled settings, mature larvae showed preference for leaves of C. spectabilis over those of other species, perhaps due to the higher alkaloid content. Differences in morphology and phenology of Crotalaria determine the ecology of U. ornatrix populations in Florida. The introduction of novel hostplants, on which U. ornatrix can have a significant negative effect and which are of concern to humans as invasive toxic weeds, has greatly expanded the niche occupied by this moth. Possible co-evolution of Utetheisa sensu lato and plant defences in the genus Crotalaria is discussed.     

模板法制备CexZr1-xO2及催化餐饮废油合成生物柴油

以松木为模板,使用模板法制备了不同铈锆含量的Ce_xZr_1-xO₂复合氧化物的催化剂,用于餐饮废油与甲醇进行酯交换反应合成生物柴油.采用BET、SEM对Ce_xZr_1-xO₂进行表征分析.研究不同制备方法、CeO₂的负载量和煅烧温度对催化剂活性的影响,以及不同的酯交换反应条件对生物柴油产率的影响.制备的Ce_xZr_1-xO₂具有松木的生物形态,并有助于催化剂形成多孔道结构.以Ce_xZr_1-xO₂为催化剂,考察甲醇和餐饮废油的酯交换反应.结果表明：当x=0.5,煅烧温度为600℃时,甲醇与餐饮废油物质的量比为60：1,催化剂用量（基于餐饮废油的质量）的质量分数为5%,反应温度为190℃,反应时间为6 h的反应条件下,酯交换反应的甲酯收率达到91.1%.     

翻译控制肿瘤蛋白(TCTP)研究进展

翻译控制肿瘤蛋白（The translationally controlled tumor protein,TCTP）最初发现于肿瘤组织,后来又从其他组织中相继分离出来。TCTP是一类广泛存在于动物、植物及酵母中的、在序列上高度保守且具有很高表达量的蛋白家族。最初认为TCTP是一类生长相关蛋白,近年来研究表明,代TP具有多种生物学功能。     

人工全髋关节置换术研究现状与展望

人工全髋关节置换术(Total hip arthroplasty THA)是治疗终末期髋关节疾病的快速恢复髋关节功能的有效方法之一,现就人工全髋关节置换术中假体的材料应用与界面配伍、微创手术入路选择、数字骨科发展对THA的意义、手机APP在康复指导和追踪随访中的应用等几方面进行综述.     

ASBR法处理酸性钛白废水的技术研究

采用厌氧序批式反应器（ASBR）处理高浓度硫酸盐废水，取得了较好的效果，模拟废水和实际钛白粉废水的试验显示，硫酸根离子的去除率分别达到92.1%，83.5%，COD/SO4^2-的比值对硫酸根离子去除率有较大影响，比值在2-3时效果最佳，该试验工艺的一个特点是采用了气循不与水循环并用的方法，以防止硫化氢气体对硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）的毒害，同时起搅拌作用。     

含Cr（Ⅵ）废水处理研究进展

含Cr(Ⅵ)废水若直接排放会造成严重的环境污染,也会对人体健康产生不良影响,因此需处理达标后排放.目前,含Cr(Ⅵ)废水处理方法的研究主要集中于吸附法、膜分离法、离子交换法、电化学法和生物法等,本文结合近几年含Cr(Ⅵ)废水处理研究成果,着重阐述了各种方法处理含Cr(Ⅵ)废水的原理、优缺点和研究现状.     

三槽式氧化沟工艺用于石化类废水生物脱氮的探讨

论述了三槽式氧化沟处理石化废水的试验研究,试验结果表明：在系统开始时水力停留时间过短不利于硝化,当运行稳定后．在10h左右的水力停留时间时,三槽式氧化沟出水NH3-N浓度为2．7mg/L,NO3^--N浓度为5．2mg/L,可以达到较好的硝化效果．并将小试研究结果与污水处理厂的实际运行作了比较．