A genetic algorithm on multiple sequences alignment problems in biology

The study and comparison of sequences of characters from a finite alphabet is relevant to various areas of science, notably molecular biology. The measurement of sequence similarity involves the consideration of the possible sequence alignments in order to find an optimal one for which the “distance” between sequences is minimum. In biology informatics area, it is a more important and difficult problem due to the long length (100 at least) of sequence, this cause the compute complexity and large memory require. By associating a path in a lattice to each alignment, a geometric insight can be brought into the problem of finding an optimal alignment, this give an obvious encoding of each path. This problem can be solved by applying genetic algorithm, which is more efficient than dynamic programming and hidden Markov model using commomly now. Foundation item: Supported by Zi-qiang Foundation of Wuhan University and Open Foundation of the State Key-Laboratory of Software Engineering, Wuhan University Biography: Shi Feng(1966-), male, Associate professor, research direction: bioinformatics.     

Structural characteristics and biological functions of the HIV-1 gp120 V3 region

Recent studies demonstrate that the V3 loop of HIV-1 gp120 plays an important role in the attachment of HIV-1 to the target cells. Several amino acids in this domain are involved in the interaction of gp120 with the co-receptors. The V3 loop elicits one of the earliest antiviral antibody responses in HIV-1 infection and has been identified as the principal neutralizing determinant (PND). A subset of antibodies to V3 loop show a broad range of neutralizing activity. Unfortunately, this loop undergoes broad mutation and is one of the hypervariable regions. Mutations of some amino acids in this PND could affect syncytium formation, virus infectivity and neutralization. Knowing the structural characteristics and biological functions of the V3 region could help us to understand mechanism of HIV infection and to develop new strategy against HIV-1. In this review, the structural characteristics, variation and biological functions of the V3 loop as well as immunological responses to the V3 loop are discussed.     

锰超氧化物歧化酶模型化合物的合成、表征及活性检测

研究近年来报道的有关锰超氧化物歧化酶及其活性部位的结构，以苹果酸，酒石酸与碳酸锰作用合成了两种超氧化物歧化酶的模型化合物，进行了红外、紫外谱图的表征，利用邻苯三酚自氧化法检测了它们的生物活性。     

高功率短脉冲激光照射下生物组织内的热传导研究

采用响应时间为1μs的超小型薄膜铂热电阻温度计及日本YOKOGAWA DL2700高速数字示波器，对微秒量级脉冲激光照射下离体动物组织内的热传导进行了实验研究，结果发现：在激光脉宽较短时，组织内出现了非傅时叶导热现象，脉宽越短，组织厚度越薄，非傅时叶导热特征越明显，功率密度和光斑直径只影响温度上升的高低，对是否会出现非傅里叶导热没有影响。     

4-氨基-1,2,4-三唑-3-酮席夫碱合成及毒性

以自制的4－氨基－1，2，4－三唑－3－酮为原料，分别与取代的芳香醛反应，采用已有的合成方法设计合成了8个席夫碱类化合物，所有化合物通过^1H NMR,IR，元素分析和熔点测试，确定了化合物的分子结构，初步测定了它们在不同浓度下对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌的抑制作用。测试结果表明，部分化合物对金黄色葡萄球菌有较好的抑制作用。     

瑞香亭等化合物对昆虫的生物活性测定

采用叶碟法，用瑞香亭（daphnoritin)、伞形花内酯（7-hydro-coumarin)和狼毒色原酮（cha-mechromone)3种化合物对菜粉蝶（Pieris rapaeL.)5龄幼虫处理1d和2d后的拒食作用和7d后死亡率进行了测定。结果表明：瑞香亭，伞形花内酯和狼毒色原酮对菜粉蝶5龄幼虫都具有较强的生物活性，且随着时间的延长，其生物活性增强，瑞香亭对菜粉蝶5龄幼虫的生物活性与伞形花内酯的生物活性相当，且狼毒色原酮的生物活性最低。     

中学生物教学法教学内容的完善与实施

在素质教育的今天,特别是实施“3+x”升学考试制度以来,高师生物专业的学生如何更好的为我国的基础教育服务,以及如何适应今后的工作和生活,是一个重要的研究课题.本文从中学生物教学法课程着手,结合中学生物教学的实际,探讨了中教法的理论教学和实践教学与中学生物教学相适应的对策,同时也对高师生物教育提出了新的要求.本文倡导理论与实践相结合的方法,重视实际教学过程中能力的培养与体现,完善中教法教学内容和实施方法,希望能给高师生物教学以借鉴.     

鄂西南地区松褐天牛生物学特性及发生规律研究

采用室内饲养观察法与饵木诱集观察法，对松褐天牛（Monochamus alternatus Hope)在湖北西部地区的生活习性、生活史、发生规律进行了研究。结果表明，该虫在该地区1年1代，以低龄幼虫和老熟幼虫分别在韧皮部和木质部的虫道内越冬。翌年4月中旬化蛹，5月上中旬始见成虫，5月下旬至6月下旬为成虫羽化盛期。幼虫于6月中旬开始取食，10月进入越冬。发育期温度升高可缩短各虫态的发育历期。多雨潮湿可抑制成虫活动和幼虫感病。在树干的中段虫口密集。成虫喜食长势良好的树木枝皮，喜欢在新伐倒木和生长衰弱的立木上产卵，采用饵木和诱捕器诱集效果良好，为该虫的防治和预测预报提供了可靠的理论依据。     

两柄蓼(Polygonum amphibium)在不同水条件下的生物学特性的研究

本文首次报道了两栖蓼有三种类型植株以及各种类型植株间随水条件变化而转化的情况。对两栖蓼各类型植株能否开花,是否具酸味以及两栖蓼分类学问题进行了探讨。