Diversity and dispersal history of the talitrids (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae) of Bermuda

Five taxa of talitrid amphipods were found in the archipelago of Bermuda, of which three were recorded there for the first time. Four of these are supralittoral wrack generalists: Platorchestia monodi BOLD:AAB3402, (a unique Molecular Operational Taxonomic Unit according to the Barcode Index Number system), a related species recognized by molecular methods, Platorchestia platensis BOLD:AAA2949, Mexorchestia carpenteri carpenteri BOLD:AAC1491 and Tethorchestia antillensis; and one a terrestrial leaf-litter generalist: Talitroides alluaudi. A key is provided to discriminate between the formally described talitrids of Bermuda. Dispersal mechanisms from the American continent to Bermuda were considered for all taxa based on species distributions along the North American Atlantic coast and also investigated by molecular methods, using genetic population differentiation and haplotype network analysis based on the barcode region of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene. For P. monodi BOLD:AAB3402 the genetic results suggest that some dispersal events occurred before human colonization of Bermuda but are equivocal about the source population and therefore the direction of dispersal. Some very recent synanthropic dispersal is possible with this species. For the other two species studied genetically, P. platensis BOLD:AAA2949 and M. c. carpenteri BOLD:AAC1491, the small population samples analysed support dispersal to Bermuda from the American mainland, before human occupation of Bermuda, although the available sample size was limited for these species. The available limited direct, non-genetic evidence supports synanthropic transport for Talitroides alluaudi. Platorchestia monodi BOLD:AAB3402 is found in the same wrack habitat as P. platensis BOLD:AAA2949 on Bermuda, apparently without interbreeding. No evidence was found that driftwood specialist talitrids had become established in Bermuda.     

Breaking biological symmetry in membrane proteins: The asymmetrical orientation of PsaC on the pseudo-C2 symmetric Photosystem I core

The elucidation of assembly pathways of multi-subunit membrane proteins is of growing interest in structural biology. In this study, we provide an analysis of the assembly of the asymmetrically oriented PsaC subunit on the pseudo C₂-symmetric Photosystem I core. Based on a comparison of the differences in the NMR solution structure of unbound PsaC with that of the X-ray crystal structure of bound PsaC, and on a detailed analysis of the PsaC binding site surrounding the F_X iron-sulfur cluster, two models can be envisioned for what are likely the last steps in the assembly of Photosystem I. Here, we dissect both models and attempt to address heretofore unrecognized issues by proposing a mechanism that includes a thermodynamic perspective. Experimental strategies to verify the models are proposed. In closing, the evolutionary aspects of the assembly process will be considered, with special reference to the structural arrangement of the PsaC binding surface. Received 22 October 2008; received after revision 17 November 2008; accepted 05 December 2008     

Family I.3 lipase: bacterial lipases secreted by the type I secretion system

Based on the classification of bacterial lipolytic enzymes, family I.3 lipase is a member of the large group of Gram-negative bacterial true lipases. This lipase family is distinguished from other families not only by the amino acid sequence, but also by the secretion mechanism. Lipases of family I.3 are secreted via the well-known type I secretion system. Like most of proteins secreted via this system, family I.3 lipases are composed of two domains with distinct yet related functions. Recent years have seen an increasing amount of research on this lipase family, in terms of isolation, secretion mechanism, as well as biochemical and biophysical studies. This review describes our current knowledge on the structure-function relationships of family I.3 lipase, with an emphasis on its secretion mechanism. Received 18 April 2006; received after revision 3 July 2006; accepted 24 August 2006     

三重金字塔模型及遥感影像管理系统研究

本文提出了三重金字塔影像模型I3P,重点阐述了该模型的构建方法。以上海市航空影像数据为测试数据创建了模型实例,证明了模型的可行性,并以此模型为基础,开发了三重金字塔影像管理系统,实现了快速查询管理及分发功能,较好的满足了海量影像数据的快速浏览和高效管理。     

剩余型直觉模糊推理的三I方法

要本文研究了由左连续三角模所生成的直觉三角模的性质,给出了与直觉三角模相伴随的剩余型直觉蕴涵算子的等价刻画,揭示了直觉模糊蕴涵算子和模糊蕴涵算子的关系．结合模糊推理的三I方法,针对剩余型直觉蕴涵算子,提出直觉模糊推理IFMP问题的三I方法和分解方法,给出两种方法的求解公式,并讨论了它们的还原性,证明了三I方法和分解方法具有良好的还原性．最后提出了IFMP问题的a-三I方法．并给出相应的算例分析．     

服务业外商直接投资动因分析

从邓宁的国际生产折衷理论出发,从所有权优势,内部化优势以及区位优势的角度,并以中国为例,具体阐述了外商对华服务业直接投资的动因。     

结合α分层改进基于IRT计算机自适应题库系统

IRT理论中基于最大信息量函数的选题方法会使系统偏向于选取信息函数值最大的试题进行测验,容易造成部分试题被反复选取,导致试题的曝光度过高从而影响后期测验的有效性。本文在原有选题策略的基础上融入α分层和内容筛选,有效地提高了系统的有效性和安全性。     

基于正则蕴涵算子的三I算法

给出了基于常见正则蕴涵算子的三I算法的计算公式,并考虑算法的还原性.     

纳米Ag（Ⅰ，Ⅲ）O粉体化学沉淀法制备条件的正交试验及其光学热分解性能研究

本文首先利用正交试验确定了液相沉淀法合成纳米AgO粉体的最佳制备条件。接着研究了最佳条件下制备的纳米AgO粉体的性能。UV—vis DRS分析结果表明，反射率随着AgO含量的增加而降低，高纯度AgO在400nm-1100nm波长范围内具有较强的吸收能力。TG—DTG分析结果表明，在N2气氛下，AgO热分解为Ag2O。的温度范围为100℃—200℃，Ag2O热分解为Ag的温度范围为400℃-450℃。     

湖南省低碳经济发展相关因素探讨

地区的低碳经济发展建设是一项综合性的工程,与地区的人口、城市化、GDP总量、人均GDP等众多因素有着密切的内在联系.通过相关系数法定量地测定湖南省在低碳经济建设中的碳排放总量与其他影响因素之间的相关性,并利用修正了的I=PAT模型对其进行拟合分析,以判断在主要相关各因素变动下的碳排放变动趋势.