红层软岩崩解性的灰色关联分析

采用灰色关联度法对红层软岩的粒度分形特征以及矿物、化学成分试验数据与其崩解性进行了关联分析.分析发现,与成分相比,红层软岩的粒度分布分形特征参数与崩解特性具有更高的关联度,表明沉积形成时的环境决定了成岩后的红层软岩崩解性强弱.因为红层软岩中蒙脱石含量少,因此在各种成分中伊利石含量对红层软岩崩解性影响最大,说明水理特性不稳定的矿物含量始终是影响软岩崩解的主要因素.     

考虑枢纽失效情形的客运枢纽层级选址模型

基于混合式服务模式,提出了枢纽失效和不完全信息条件下旅客依次访问备选枢纽的服务策略,并建立了有容量限制的可靠性层级选址模型。实例分析结果表明,该选址模型可以增加选址方案的可靠性,降低由于枢纽失效而产生的惩罚费用。模型参数敏感性分析结果表明,对于失效概率过高的枢纽设施网络,仅靠增加枢纽数量已无法提高选址方案的可靠性,而保持较高可靠性的枢纽设施网络在应对可能造成高损失事件时的弹性较高。     

油泥与煤混合滤饼燃烧过程的数值模拟与分析

为解决辽河油田油泥所带来的环保、污泥排放及治理问题,利用Fluent软件平台着重对油泥和煤制成的混合滤饼在循环流化床炉内燃烧过程的温度场和速度场进行计算模拟并分析。结果表明,混合滤饼在炉内燃烧情况良好,实现了油泥彻底的无害化和燃料化,而且结合CFB锅炉技术滤饼燃烧效率更高,为油田的油泥处理处置提供全新的途径。     

Observations of water-flea Daphnia magna and avian fecalia in rock pools: is traditional natural history reporting still relevant for science?

Unexpected observation of freshwater invertebrate Daphnia magna in temporary rock pools on a small island off the Norwegian Atlantic coast confirms colonising ability, mediated through avian dispersal. Robust diapausal eggs of D. magna pass the gut of migrating geese and subsequently hatch in environments where such waterfowl forage and rest along migrating routes. The incubation experiment demonstrates that decomposing fecalia of geese constitute sufficient feed to support developing populations of D. magna in experimental oligotrophic conditions. The findings also show that D. magna is highly adapted for colonisation of temporary pools north of the Arctic Polar Circle, with excellent tolerance to low temperatures. Discussion part I relates the findings to published evidence on avian transport of invertebrate propagules, such as correlations between migration patterns of waterfowl and geographical patterns of aquatic invertebrate diversity. Discussion part II reflects on academic cultures, epistemological aspects of natural history reporting, the presence of a whale cadaver as an ecological indicator and the relevance of simple observation as a starting point for further discourse.     

对气体输运分子数的讨论

说明担任气体输运任务的分子数是1/6nv和1/4nv的理论依据,并指出这两种分子数担任输运量得到的宏观规律相同的原因。     

Huntington’s disease: from huntingtin function and dysfunction to therapeutic strategies

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that usually starts in middle age and is characterized by involuntary movements (chorea), personality changes and dementia, leading to death within 10–20 years. The defective gene in HD contains a trinucleotide CAG repeat expansion within its coding region that expresses a polyglutamine repeat in the protein huntingtin. Together with the characteristic formation of aggregates in HD, aberrant protein interactions and several post-translational modifications affect huntingtin during disease progression and lead to the dysfunction and death of selective neurons in the brains of patients. The exact molecular mechanisms by which mutant huntingtin induces cell death are not completely understood but may involve the gain of new toxic functions and the loss of the beneficial properties of huntingtin. This review focuses on the cellular functions in which huntingtin is involved and how a better understanding of pathogenic pathways can lead to new therapeutic approaches. Received 24 May 2006; received after revision 5 July 2006; accepted 23 August 2006     

弹性需求用户平衡分配模型及其应用

对具有弹性需求的交通网络随机用户平衡分配问题进行了分析研究,将其描述为一个等价的变分不等式。最后将模型应用于拥护公交网络系统的平衡分配问题,并针对公交网络系统的特殊性,提出相应的求解算法 法。实例表明了模型的合理性和算法的有效性。     

煤层顶板砂岩高温下超声传播特征分析

通过对鹤壁矿务局煤层项板砂岩试件在高温状态下和高温冷却后的超卢波测试,揭示了砂岩在高温状态下和高温冷却后的超声波传播随温度的变化规律,从声速、振幅和主频几个方面研究了在高温状态下和高温冷却后煤层顶板砂岩内损伤裂纹的发展变化过程。试验结果表明,在高温状态下和高温冷却后,振幅对岩石裂纹状态敏感程度大于声速和主题,振幅和声速随温度变化的曲线上存在着一骤降点,但各自反映的温度点有差异。其研究成果埘煤炭地下气化炉围岩在高温下的节理裂隙演化过程、组构和力学特性研究具有重要的作用和意义。     

发展武警部队集装化运输保障探讨

武警部队后勤物资运输保障多采用散装的形式,保障效率低。通过分析外军与解放军后勤物资集装化运输现状,结合执行多样化任务的实际,阐述武警部队后勤物资集装化运输的意义,最后提出发展集装化运输的构想。     

高密度电阻率法在红层区地下水勘查中的应用

红层区地下水资源贫乏，地表水资源分布不均及近年污染日趋严重，缺水问题十分突出，严重制约了本地区的经济发展，如何针对红层区水文地质特点，合理选择物探技术方法寻找地下水，是水文地质工作面临的十分重要的任务。本文着重介绍高密度电阻率法在红层区地下水勘查中的应用，结合各装置实例进行比较分析，结果证明了高密度电法应用在红层区地下水勘查中具有较好的实际效果和应用前景。