Issues and prospects of belowground ecology with special reference to global climate change

The theory of ecology is based on over 100 a of research and investigation, all centered on aboveground patterns and processes. However, as contemporary ecologists are increasingly acknowledging, belowground structures, functions, and processes are some of the most poorly understood areas in ecology. This lack of understanding of belowground ecological processes seriously restricts the advance of global change research. The interdisciplinary field of belowground ecology began to flourish in the 1990s, along with the expansion of global change research, and quickly gained momentum. Belowground ecology aims to investigate belowground structures, functions, and processes, as well as their relationships with corresponding aboveground features, emphasizing the responses of belowground systems under global change conditions. Key research areas include root ecology, belowground animals, and soil microorganisms. This review summarizes and analyzes the relationships between aboveand belowground ecosystems, root ecology, root biogeography, belowground biodiversity, as well as research areas with particular challenges and progress. This commentary emphasizes certain theoretical issues concerning the responses of belowground processes to global change, and concludes that belowground ecology is a critical research priority in the 21st century.     

平稳过程时间均值的一种矩刻划

运用矩概念，研究了平稳过程中时间均值〈X（t）〉的变化规律，得到了其在某点附近取值概率的刻划结果，拓广了对平稳过程时间均值〈X（t）〉的认识。     

Lithological architecture, geological processes and energy-field environments are major factors for the formation of hydrocarbon reservoirs

The formation of hydrocarbon reservoirs is controlled by three major factors: lithological architecture, geological processes and energy-field environments. Among the three major factors, lithological architecture provides the storing medium for hydrocarbon; geological processes include hydrocarbon generation, migration, accumulation, preservation and modification; and energy-field environments refer to the various geothermal and geodynamic forces that affect the lithological architecture and drive the geological processes. In this study, we take Kela-2 and Sulige gas reservoirs as two examples to study relationships among the three major factors, and explain how these factors influence the scale and quality of hydrocarbon reservoirs.     

多指标稳定分量过程像集与图集的Hausdorff测度

讨论多指标稳定分量过程像集与图集的适当Hausdorff测度函数,解决了这些随机集的Hausdorff测度问题.     

含硬包体岩石破裂演化过程的声发射数值模拟

从岩石的损伤模型出发,推导了受到损伤岩石的单元刚度矩阵,采用声发射数值模拟方法研究了含有硬包体岩石的破裂演化过程,研究了硬包体的形状对岩石破裂演化过程的影响,确定了主破裂即将发生的临界状态,研究了围压条件对岩石破裂演化过程的影响.论文工作对于进一步研究含有随机裂纹与硬包体同时存在的岩石破裂演化过程以及研究地震空区和条带的生成条件具有较重要的参考意义.     

论精读教学中的课文整体教学法

大学英语课文的教学在我国具有特殊而又非常重要的地位，学生各项技能的发展和提高与课文教学的质量有着极其密切的联系。文章论述了课文整体教学的理论及观点，探讨如何运用整体语言教学理论进行精读教学并进一步提出和阐述整体教学“五步法”的主要过程和步骤，意在有效提高大学生阅读能力的同时全面发展他们的语言应用能力。     

两相依聚集索赔风险模型的生存概率

 介绍了2个具有相依关系的聚集索赔的风险模型,求出了模型的生存概率满足的积分微分方程,借助于林德伯格系数,获得了模型的生存概率满足的拉普拉斯变换及其初始盈余为零时的精确值的表达式.     

Markov过程的数学模型在计算机动画中的应用

用随机过程的理论和模型实现非确定物质的造型和动画,提出的算法虽还不成熟,但可在计算机中实现许多不确定物体的动画,效果也达到了可以应用的水平。     

渭河阶地全新世成壤过程及人类因素研究

通过对陕西眉县清湫村全新世黄土剖面的野外考察研究、粒度分析和磁化率测定，揭示了在渭河阶地自然地带性土壤褐土的形成过程中，由于气候恶化和风尘堆积，以及仰韶文化期人类农业耕垦和聚落建设活动的影响，造成了某些区域全新世古土壤分裂为两层的现象．根据清湫村全新世黄土剖面层序模式，论证了全新世时期风尘堆积仍在继续，古土壤覆盖层亦具有风尘堆积的性质，但是它们受到历史时期人类耕作活动的改造     

白砂糖流态化随机数学模型

根据白砂糖颗粒的固有特点及其流态化特性，首次应用马尔科夫过程建立了描述白砂糖流态化的数学模型，本文为白砂糖流化床的放大和建立相应的计算机软件系统提供理论依据。