A relevant in vitro rat model for the evaluation of blood-brain barrier translocation of nanoparticles

Poly(MePEG₂₀₀₀cyanoacrylate-co-hexadecylcyanoacrylate) (PEG-PHDCA) nanoparticles have demonstrated their capacity to reach the rat central nervous system after intravenous injection. For insight into the transport of colloidal systems across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), we developed a relevant in vitro rat BBB model consisting of a coculture of rat brain endothelial cells (RBECs) and rat astrocytes. The RBECs used in our model displayed and retained structural characteristics of brain endothelial cells, such as expression of P-glycoprotein, occludin and ZO-1, and immunofluorescence studies showed the specific localization of occludin and ZO1. The high values of transendothelial electrical resistance and low permeability coefficients of marker molecules demonstrated the functionality of this model. The comparative passage of polyhexadecylcyanoacrylate and PEG-PHDCA nanoparticles through this model was investigated, showing a higher passage of PEGylated nanoparticles, presumably by endocytosis. This result was confirmed by confocal microscopy. Thanks to a good in vitro/in vivo correlation, this rat BBB model will help in understanding the mechanisms of nanoparticle translocation and in designing new types of colloidal carriers as brain delivery systems.Received 4 March 2005; accepted 14 April 2005     

Decision-making at the surface of the intact or barrier disrupted skin: potential applications for vaccination or therapy

The skin is a highly accessible organ and constitutes an active immunological site. Both these properties make this surface an attractive route for what promises to be a cost-effective, simple, practical and needle-free delivery of vaccines and immunomodulators. Less obvious is the fact that the state of the skin barrier can influence quantitative and qualitative aspects of antigen-specific immune responses. The everyday decision-making at the skin epithelium concerns the choice between the induction of an immune response and the establishment of a state of non-responsiveness (tolerance). This decision is influenced by various factors such as the dose, the route (intact vs barrier-disrupted skin), the cytokine microenvironment and the nature of the antigenic stimulus. By increasing our understanding of how immune responses are regulated in the epidermis we can envisage the development of immunisation protocols aimed at eliciting a protective immune response or inducing tolerance, with direct applications to preventive or therapeutic vaccination, respectively.Received 29 November 2004; received after revision 2 February 2005; accepted 22 February 2005     

岩盐储气库水溶建腔岩盐溶蚀模型研究

为了深入研究岩盐水溶机理及溶腔形状变化规律,在岩盐水溶物理机理研究的基础上,根据物质平衡原理和Fick第一扩散定律,导出了水溶造腔腔体边界变化的动边界方程,建立了完整的岩盐溶蚀数学模型.通过计算机数值求解方法,对岩盐溶腔过程进行了动态模拟研究.结果表明,该岩盐溶蚀数学模型能够有效的反映腔体形状的变化规律,指导储气库水溶建腔.     

不等方差线性模型的联合影响分析

本文对线性模型Y=Xβ e,E(e)=0,cov(e)=σ^2G,G=diag(g1,…,gn)，探讨了多个数据点对参数估计及统计推断的联合影响，给出了度量准则和它的简便计算公式及其统计解释。     

可定向把体中的Seifert曲面与偶曲线组

本文给出了可定向把体V的边界上一组互不相交的简单闭曲线界定V中一个Seifert曲面的同调特征。     

振兴徐州农业的七项措施

本文针对徐州市农业发展基本情况,具体提出专业化与综合发展相结合,建设各级农林牧渔商品基地;实行农牧轮作,大力发展畜牧业;加强水利建设与保护耕地等七项措施,以促进农业飞速发展。     

动轴理论在铰链连接的刚体系统中的应用

本文利用动轴理论推导了适用于铰链连接的刚体系统的运动微分方程,并分别对于铰链连接的树形刚体系统及其具有封闭链的刚体系统提出了选取研究对象和列写运动微分方程的一般方法和步骤。最后用例题对所述方法作了具体说明。     

新疆入境旅游客源市场时空变化特征研究

以1999—2008年新疆入境市场的相关统计数据为基础,运用亲景度和市场竞争态指标,采用定量分析的方法,对新疆入境旅游客源市场时间和空间变化特征进行了分析,并从时空角度探讨4类亲景度市场和4种市场竞争态的相关性．结果表明,①新疆入境旅游客源市场亲景度差异显著,大部分属于亲景市场,年际变化较大,呈下降趋势,亲景度空间变化层次明显;②新疆入境旅游客源市场竞争态的转移形态为飞跃→稳定→衰退→复苏→衰退→复苏→衰退,总体呈现恶化趋势;③亲景度高的客源市场多为幼童和瘦狗市场,亲景度低的客源市场却不一定是明星市场和金牛市场,后两者并不存在必然的联系．确定了新疆入境旅游发展的重点市场、主要市场和潜在市场,提出了对策建议．     

机载激光扫描中复杂建筑物轮廓线平差提取模型

建筑物轮廓线提取与规则化是房屋3维重建等处理中的重要步骤,目前大多方法面向多边形规则建筑物轮廓线的提取,而无法适用于包含圆弧轮廓线的不规则建筑物轮廓线提取.针对城市中这一类复杂不规则建筑物,提出一种结构化提取特征点的方法,并判断特征点的属性,对直角处的特征点进行条件平差,优化特征点的位置,而对圆弧处的特征点之间的边界点分段拟合圆弧,以得到平滑的符合实际情况的轮廓线.该方法可有效提取包含圆弧的建筑物轮廓线,最后通过上海陆家嘴地区的建筑物LiDAR(机械激光扫描)数据验证该方法的可行性和提取精度.