南极高纬度沿岸海域的细菌生产力

中国第18次南极科学考察期间,采用3H 胸腺嘧啶核苷示踪法测定了普里兹湾及邻近海区的细菌生产力,并对细菌生产力的水平、垂直分布及细菌生产力与相关要素之间的相互关系进行了研究和讨论.结果表明:该研究海域细菌生产力的变化范围为1.51~21.7 ngC·dm-3·h-1,平均为7.77 ngC·dm-3·h-1.细菌生产力空间分布特征:水平呈非均匀分布,东、南、西3面较高,北、中部较低,而垂直分布则有3种类型,即次表层极大值型、随深度递增型和极大极小叠加型.细菌生产力随培养时间的延长而增大,到一定时间后趋于最大值;细菌生产力昼夜变化的结果表明光照强度和水温对细菌生产力的测值有重要的影响.     

Research on magnetic metallization of bacterial cells

A multidisciplinary approach to the fabrication of biologically based magnetic monomers for biolimited forming is described.Rod-like Bacilli cereus about 0.5μm in diameter and 3-5μm in length,were used as templates on which the ferromagnetic material was deposited by an electroless deposition method.Different electroless plating solutions were compared in detail and CoNiP solution was selected.During the deposition process,both dispersant and mechanical stirring were used to solve the problem of aggregation of bacterial cells so as to obtain a uniform plating layer.The CoNiP film on Bacilli cereus was a mixture of crystalline and non-crystalline in the phase structure and showed a good magnetism.The magnetic metallized bacterial cells could be manipulated with a magnetic field.Parallel arrays of these micro magnetic particles were achieved and they could rotate along with the magnetic field.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">ftsZ</Emphasis> gene and plastid division

As the important cellular organelles in plants, plas-tids comprise one of the primary features that distinguish plant cells from those of other eukaryotes. Seen from the origin, plastids derive from endosymbiotic photosynthetic bacteria. Subsequently, plastids have evolved to become essential components for plant cell function. Besides the important role of chloroplasts in photosynthesis, some water-soluble proteins that involved in biosynthesis of starch, fatty acids, amino acids, nucleic aci…     

Effects of hydrolysis and bacterial degradation in the cells on hydrocarbons and biomarkers generated by pyrolysis of green algaChlorella protothecoides

The relative contents of normal alkanes and isoprenoid alkanes from pyrolysed pmducts of green algaChlorella protothecoides increased when the algal cell subject to hydrolysis and bacterial degradation were wed. Their value of C₂₃-/C ₂₄+ and the rate of Pr/C₁₇ increased greatly whereas the contents of C₂₀ alkenes were remarkably low compared with that from untreated sample (as control). These results are more analogous to the formation process of hydrocarbons derived from algae in natural geological environment.     

生物钾肥对改良烟草品质提高烟草产量的效果

本文总结了七年来生物钾肥（硅酸盐菌剂）在七个烟草生产省份中试验、示范、推广的结果，证明施用这种生物肥料不但可以改善烟叶品质、提高烟叶产量、改良烟田土壤、减少化学钾肥施用量、减少烟叶病害，而且施用方法简便又不破坏生态环境。推广这项技术可带来可观的经济效益和生态效益。     

植物病原细菌的细菌素与细菌性病害的防冶

本文介绍了细菌素的一般性状,化学性质、遗传学基础及其在植物细菌性病害防治中的应用,探讨了细菌素在防病实践中存在的问题及解决途径。     

盐酸多西环素-氟苯尼考(福斯停)对家禽细菌性疾病的试验研究

用盐酸多西环素和氟苯尼考的复方制剂-福斯停对66株家禽病原菌药敏试验，对55株致病菌的体外药效学研究及禽大肠杆菌病、沙门氏菌病、传染性浆膜炎和葡萄球菌病的临床治疗研究．结果表明：其体外抑菌效果、抑菌浓度、临床治疗效果（治愈率分别为97．7％、92．6％、96％和94％）明显优于氯霉素、氧氟沙星、氨苄青霉素、磺胺制剂．实为目前“高效、速效、广谱、低毒”兽药新产品．     

注射用甲硫氨酸维生素B1的细菌内毒素检查

为考察注射用甲硫氨酸维生素B1的细菌内毒素检查法的可行性，采用《中华人民共和国药典》（2005年版）细菌内毒素检查法。结果得知，注射用甲硫氨酸维生素B1质量浓度为0．25mg／mL的稀释液可用灵敏度为0．25EU／mL的鲎试剂进行细菌内毒素检查，实验中3个批号的注射用甲硫氨酸维生素B1经检查均符合规定。     

南湖春季细菌和浮游藻类群落的动态变化

在随机选取的6个样点,测定了春季南湖的水化学指标,细菌总数及浮游藻类群落的组成.调查结果发现:春季大多数样点的细菌总数表现出先增后减的趋势;在总氮、总磷含量较高,临近排污口的样点,其细菌总数相对高于附近没有明显污染源的非居民区样点,细菌总数在污染严重的样点最高可达4.5×10~5个/mL.观察发现,春季南湖浮游藻类细胞密度总体呈上升趋势;主要优势种是小球藻、栅藻、多芒藻、小环藻和隐藻等耐污性种类.但各样点浮游藻类的群落组成存在一定差异,在氮、磷含量较低的样点,种类较多;而在氮、磷含量高的样点,浮游藻类密度高达2.9×10~6个/mL,且种类单一,以多芒藻占绝对优势.     

快速测定特定水体中细菌总数的微波破壁水解-荧光衍生法

建立了一种快速测定特定水体中细菌总数的化学方法.利用微波辐射能,破坏细菌细胞壁并辅助水解蛋白质成为氨基酸,而后用荧光胺（FLA）衍生,测定衍生物的荧光强度,进而推算细菌总数.细菌微波破壁水解的最佳实验条件为：水解液中HCl浓度4 mol/L、微波功率400 W、辐射时间10 min.最佳衍生条件为：pH值2.0～2.2,3 mL试液中加入10-3mol/L FLA溶液1.0 mL（FLA与氨基酸的分子比高于130：1）、衍生温度4℃.方法的测定相对标准偏差为3.64%（n=6）,对于大肠杆菌菌液样品,本文所建立的化学方法与标准方法的测定结果无显著性差异.本法可望开发成特定水体样品中细菌总数的快速测定法.