Micro-robot design based on swimming mechanism of bacterial flagella

Nanomachines are controllable machines at the nano meter or molecular scale that are composed of nano-scale components. They have their own mechanochemistry, dynamics, workspace, and usability and are composed of natures building blocks: namely proteins, DNA, and other compounds. Some bacteria (i. e. Escherichia coli) swim by rotating helical flagella. The structure and motion character of the flagellum are introduced. Through the study, a micro-robot was designed and its mechanical structure was explained in this paper. In the future, the bionic micro-robot is expected tobe built, which can travel inside the human body and carry out a host of complex operations such as minimally invasive surgery, highly localized drug delivery, and screening for diseases that are in their very early stages. It is important to medicine and could be applied in other areas, including space exploration, electronics and military.     

北京地区酱香型白酒第六轮次堆积发酵中细菌群落多样性分析

利用高通量测序方法研究了北京地区酱香型白酒第六轮次堆积发酵过程中细菌群落结构及动态变化。实验结果表明:在门水平上,堆积发酵过程中的优势菌门包括Firmicutes、Actinobacteria和Proteobacteria；在属水平上,堆积发酵过程中优势菌属包括Lactobacillus、Lentibacillus等14个；优势菌属Lentibacillus的相对丰度先升高后降低,Lactobacillus的相对丰度逐步上升；Lentibacillus作为正相关性关键节点与7个菌属存在正相关关系,Lactobacillus作为负相关性关键节点与10个菌属存在负相关关系。相较于贵州省等其他产区,北京地区酱香型白酒堆积发酵过程中的细菌群落在种类数量、优势门类排序、群属丰度等方面存在明显差异。研究结果旨在揭示北京地区酱香型白酒第六轮次堆积发酵过程中的细菌群落结构变化,希望为研究北京地区酱香型白酒的酿造特点提供基础数据。     

三峡库区消落带3种人工种植植物土壤理化性质、酶活性及细菌多样性季节变化特征

为探究三峡库区消落带3种人工种植植物狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon)、牛鞭草(Hemarthria altissima)和旱柳(Salix matsudana)土壤理化性质、酶活性及细菌群落的季节变化特征，在2020年春、夏、秋季节于重庆市忠县汝溪河流域3种植物的栽植地共采集了27个混合土壤样本并进行了有关指标的分析。结果显示：1) 3种植物土壤有机质、铵态氮、硝态氮的质量分数等指标在不同季节间存在差异；除牛鞭草土壤中的蔗糖酶以外，其余土壤样本的酶活性均在春季最高。2) 各土壤样本中细菌在门、纲层次上的相对丰度都存在一定的季节差异；除Simpson指数以外，牛鞭草、旱柳土壤细菌各项α多样性指数均在夏季最低。3) 通过冗余分析可知，影响3种植物土壤细菌群落结构的土壤理化因子主要有pH和硝态氮、全氮的质量分数。上述研究结果揭示了消落带人工修复植物土壤细菌群落的季节变化规律，为三峡库区消落带的植被修复提供了一定的理论依据。