Modulation of presynaptic nAChRs on postsynaptic GABA receptor in optic tectum of juvenile<Emphasis Type="Italic">Xenopus</Emphasis>

Using the blind patch-clamp technique with the whole-cell mode,we have studied the modulation presynaptic receptor on postsynaptic γ-raminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor measuring miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs)in optic tectum of Xenopus during critical peroid.It was demonstrated that compared with mature neurons,mIPSCs recorded from immature neurons had smaller amplitude and longer decay time.mIPSCs are mediated by GABAa receptor.The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists(carbachol,cytisine,nicotine,DMPP and so on) could increase the frequency of mIPSCs.The enhancement of mIPSCs frequency induced by nAChR agonists was calcium-dependent.However,the choline,a product of hydrolyzed acetylcholine,could not increase the frequency of mIPSCs.DH-β-E,a competitive antagonist of nAChR,blocked the increase of mIPSCs frequency induced by carbachol.Mecamyllamine,an α3β4 subtype of nAChR antagonist,also blocked the carbachol-induced enhancement of mIPSCs.On the other hand,MLA,α7 subtype of nAChR antagonist,had no effect on it .Thus,it seems that nAChR could presynaptically modulate the mIPSCs and α3β4 subtype of nAChR might be involved.But α7 nAChR subtype of nAChR would not be involved.The modulation is calcium-dependent.Meanwhile,we found that Ca^2 -free solution could elicit giant PSCs.The frequency of mIPSCs also is related with the level of HP.     

Application of ICP-MS trace element analysis in study of ancient Chinese ceramics

Chemical analysis plays a significant role in the study of ancient ceramics[1,2]. Most ancient Chinese kilns used clays mined from the local areas and differences in the geochemistry and mineralogy of these raw materials may be expected. The chemical composition of ceramics may also be influenced by production techniques, such as processing by washing and mixing of different sorts of raw materials. These may also vary from kiln to kiln and even change over time. Thus the raw materials and pro…     

人身保险合同效力中止后的法律救济

长期的人身保险合同,因不付到期的续期保险费在宽限期后效力中止。效力中止期间,保险人对于保险事故不承担保险责任。为了维护投保人和受益人的利益,也为了保护保险人的利益,法律规定了宽限期条款和复效条款对其进行救济,本文对两条款的法律规定、原因及其条件进行了详细的阐释。     

明清时期江西手工业的发展与演变

明清时期,江西的传统手工业有了进一步的发展,主要表现在生产技术的进步、生产规模的扩大与产量的大幅度增长。同时,伴随着手工业的进一步发展,手工业中的生产关系也发生了一些新变化,出现了资本主义萌芽。这些新变化表明,到明清时期,中国传统社会内部正在悄然集聚着向近代社会转型的力量。     

试论新时期以来中国文艺学的大发展

新时期以来，中国文艺学获得了长足的多元的发展，这种大发展主要表现在文学观念冲破旧有束缚、张扬人文精神，在自律与他律的辩证统一中探索和把握文学的审美意识形态本质，并在此基础上促使文学理论走向多元和成熟；文学研究方法也在借鉴中外文论和其它学科研究方法的基础上取得突破和创新，有力推动了文艺学研究方法的多元化，反过来又促进了新时期文学观念的拓展和更新。     

Problems in wavelet analysis of hydrologic series and some suggestions on improvement

Applying the wavelet theory and methods to investigate the hydrologic processes such as precipitation and runoff is a hot field. However, several aspects in research are usually ignored: the effect of admissible condition of wavelet functions and the disturbance of noises for the detection of periods, the effect of the length of a hydrologic time-series on the final result, and the choice between the anomaly and the original time series for wavelet analysis. In this paper, these issues are fully discussed. Precipitation data from Lanzhou Precipitation Station are taken for case study. The result indicates that in the wavelet analysis of hydrologic series, denoise methods should be used to eliminate the influence of noises. The MexHat wavelet function satisfies the admissible condition, which ensures that the periodic properties of hydrologic processes can be well represented by using the MexHat wavelet for decomposition. The affected range of hydro-logic series which should be discarded before analysis is given. It is also suggested that the anomaly series should be used to highlight the actual undulation of the hydrologic series.     

新形势下发展来华留学生事业的思考

由于中国经济的迅猛发展,大量的留学生涌入我国,目前是留学生对外汉语事业发展的黄金时期。但是有的地方院校却出现了发展缓慢的现象。为了彻底改变停滞状态的发展局面,必须从领导到教师都转变观念和改变工作作风,以扩大生源和稳定生源作为出发点,力求在最短时间内走出低谷。     

浅谈图书复本数和借阅期限及读者权利

现代图书馆的核心价值理念之一是无区别、平等地为每一位读者服务,而图书馆现行的限册、限期管理办法,在提高资源利用率,提高流通量的同时,也不恰当地干涉了读者在阅读习惯与阅读方式上的选择权。而差异式服务则更违反了平等的原则。若以复本数补偿的方式来对待有超期限、超册数需求的读者,则有可能解决这一问题。探讨了图书复本数、借阅期限和读者权利之间的关系。     

杭州湾北部沿岸全新世的孢粉组合与地层、古地理探讨

杭州湾北部沿岸全新世的孢粉组合可划分成四个综合孢粉带,它们代表四个不同的气候与植被演变阶段,据此可将全新世划为早、中、晚三期,全新统相应地分成下、中、上三层。     

热网监测系统的数据处理

鸡西市热力公司热网监测系统设计，数据处理采用上位机整点循环计算的方案，并将数据存入二进制文件中，收到较好的效果。