深入实施科教强市"一号工程",全面推进宁波现代化建设

根据浙江省第十一次党代会精神,提出了科技创新是新时期经济发展的新动力,改革开放与科技创新的结合将成为推动宁波经济发展更强大的动力。基于这一思想,进一步提出了宁波市深入实施“科教强市”一号工程,率先提前实现现代化的总体思路以及“十五”期末宁波科技发展的总目标及各项要求。     

旋转球的动力学分析

角球在飞进中产生了两种压差阻力,在其合力的作用下,球体被迫改变了正常的轨道,从而形成了“香蕉形”的轨迹。     

Circular proteoglycans from sponges: first members of the spongican family

Species-specific cell adhesion in marine sponges is mediated by a new family of modular proteoglycans whose general supramolecular structure resembles that of hyalectans. However, neither their protein nor their glycan moieties have significant sequence homology to other proteoglycans, despite having protein subunits equivalent to link proteins and to proteoglycan monomer core proteins, and glycan subunits equivalent to hyaluronan and to the glycosaminoglycans of hyalectans. In some species, these molecular components are assembled into a structure with a circular core formed by the link protein- and hyaluronan-like subunits. Besides their involvement in cell adhesion, these sponge proteoglycans, for which we propose the term spongicans, participate in signal transduction processes and are suspected to play a role in sponge self-nonself recognition. Their in vivo roles and the mild methods used to purify large amounts of functionally active spongicans make them ideal models to study the functions and possible new applications of proteoglycans in biomedical research. Received 21 May 2002; received after revision 5 July 2002; accepted 10 July 2002 RID="*" ID="*"Corresponding author.     

混凝土施工缝留置位置与处理

砼施工缝留置原则运用于结构受剪力较小且便于施工的部位,但在施工中技术人员应根据砼构件的受力分析,重点结合《规范》条款规定的构件位置正确理解留置施工缝,并检测施工缝处砼强度后继续浇筑后续砼。     

愉快教育理论原则及其在教学中的体现

“愉快教育”被中外教育家们认为是当今教育应达到的最高境界。本文仅就愉快教育理论的原则在教学实践中的体现略陈管窥之见,以期抛砖引玉。     

反拱水垫塘底板块上举力变化规律的试验研究

反拱水垫塘是一种新型消能防冲结构,拟在中国溪洛渡等300m级高拱坝中采用,其稳定性是其在高水头、大流量作用下能否安全运用的关键技术之一。结合溪洛渡拱坝,通过模型试验研究了拱坝坝身泄量最大达3万m3/s时,反拱圈横缝止水设施破坏,动水压强贯入底板缝隙,基岩锚固力失效的极端情况下的反拱水垫塘底板块上举力,得出底板块上举力分布规律和脉动上举力谱密度特性,并推算出拱端的极限推力。研究成果对反拱水垫塘设计、运用和稳定研究具有理论和实际意义。     

有源静电悬浮系统的反馈线性化控制

静电轴承需要一套静电悬浮系统将高速旋转的转子稳定地支承在电极球腔中心,被控对象呈现非线性与负刚度特性。在推导静电悬浮系统的高阶静电力模型基础上,应用反馈线性化方法,构造出非线性控制器,能够使得系统在大范围内线性化。将传统的线性控制器与提出的非线性控制方案在三自由度静电悬浮系统上进行了实验比较。实验结果表明,将反馈线性化方法应用于静电悬浮系统,提高了系统的动态性能、稳定裕量和中频支承刚度。     

Study of β—amyloid adsorption and aggregation on graphite by STM and AFM

The scanning tunneling microscopy(STM) and the atomic force microscopy(AMF) have been applied to the direct study of the adsorption and aggregation of β-amyloid(1-42)(Aβ42)on the hydrophobic graphite surface.It was found that Aβ42 were preferentially adsorbed on graphite defects such as the edges.Aβ42 peptides self-assembled into intermediate protofibrils,which in turn self-associated to form fibrils.Usually,two or more fibrils intertwined to form the helical structure.These results will provide an important clue to studying the aggregation process of β-amyloid.     

机器人位置/力混合鲁棒自适应控制

提出一种机器人位置/力混合控制的鲁棒自适应算法,利用自适应算法调节机器人系统的未知参数,为了避免在外界干扰作用下引起自适应参数的漂移,在参数自适应律中引入死区,使自适应控制器具有较强的鲁棒性能,滑模控制消除了死区自适应律引起的参数误差,并且具有较强的干扰抑制能力,使机器人末端执行器能够沿环境约束运动,并与约束表面保持期望的接触力,保证了位置和力轨迹跟踪的鲁棒性与精确性。二连杆机器人的仿真分析说明了算法的有效性。     

Measuring radial Young’s modulus of DNA by tapping mode AFM

Based on tapping mode AFM imaging, a method was demonstrated to evaluate compression elasticity of single double-stranded DNA （dsDNA） molecules in the force region. With images under ambient conditions, Young＇s moduli of dsDNA in compression were calculated. Results demonstrated that Young＇s moduli of dsDNA can be simply deduced according to the proposed model. The method can also be used to evaluate the compression elasticity of similar soft nanomaterials.