一类不完全评价模型及其迭代校正算法研究

提出了一类不完全评价模型,给出了该模型常见条件下的算法该模型是具有较强主观性的信息不完全的多属性决策问题,可以利用不完全评价信息,给出评价对象横向可比的客观评价值,具有较广泛的应用领域.     

多指标决策的最优线性分派法

多指标决策方法一直是系统工作者研究的课题。在定义正负理想方案的基础上 ,对方案进行贴近度单排序 ,然后综合所有指标求方案的排序频数。当排序频数无法给出方案的总体排序时 ,我们将其巧妙地转化为最优线性分派模型来处理 ,从而达到优化方案的目的 ,同时也为多决策问题提供了又一种可靠而又可行的决策方法。     

一种基于奖优罚劣原则的多阶段多目标决策模型

针对一类动态多指标决策问题 ,提出一种多目标多阶段动态决策模型 .文章提出了一种新颖的效用函数 ,并据此将具有不同量纲、不同物理含义、不同指标类型的决策矩阵归一化转换到相应的效用矩阵 ,该效用函数以指标的平均值为参考点 ,突出了“奖优罚劣”原则 ,提高了分辨精度 ,物理概念更加清晰 .文未提出了一种动态决策目标函数 ,并通过对某省五城市三年综合经济效益的评估实例 ,说明此方法是合理可行的.     

不确定性多属性决策中区间数的一种排序方法

为了解决具有不确定性区间数的多属性决策问题,本文给出了一种分析方法．首先是基于文献［５］,介绍了一个决策分析模型;然后针对以区间数形式表示的决策方案综合评价值,提出了关于区间数优势及可能度的概念,并且相应地给出了带有可能度的方案排序方法,这也是本文的重点内容．最后,给出了实例计算.     

属性识别方法及其在期货价格预测中的应用

在属性集,属性测度概念基础上,针对模式识别问题,提出了属性识别方法．该方法在期货价格趋势预测中获得了较为成功的应用.     

一种不确定性多属性决策模型的改进

针对具有不确定性区间数的多属性决策问题, Ｂｒｙｓｏｎ 和Ｍｏｂｏｌｕｒｉｎ 提出了一种线性规划模型, 但是, 采用由该模型求出的所有方案评价值所在的区间在很大程度上并不是使用同一个属性权重向量, 这就使得所有的方案排序（或评价）不具有可比性． 为了解决这个问题, 该文提出了一种改进的模型, 并且给出了实例计算．     

多阶段多指标决策的理想方案法

对带有时间顺序的多阶段多指标决策 ,在定义理想方案及贴近度的基础上 ,将这类决策转化为一个多目标优化模型来处理 ,从而为多阶段多指标决策问题提供了一种科学、可靠的决策方法 .     

基于MADM的威胁评估排序模型

结合现代防空作战的特点和指挥自动化系统的工作过程,对影响目标威胁评估的各种因素进行了分析,并讨论了常用威胁评估方法的缺点和不足,依据多属性决策(Multiple Attribute Decision Making,MADM)理论和方法,提出了基于MADM的目标威胁评估排序模型,并通过示例介绍了威胁评估和排序的求解过程。该方法有效地解决了目标威胁评估与排序问题,提高了防空作战效能。     

粗等价类双边递减下多次Hash的渐增式求核与约简算法

为设计高效约简算法,首先以全局等价类为最小计算单位提出粗等价类概念,证明粗等价类下约简与原信息系统等价;然后深入剖析1,0,-1三类粗等价类的性质,把求正区域等价转化为0-粗等价类双边递减下的渐增式计算,结合1和-1-粗等价类的传递性,设计双边横向删减实体和纵向删减属性的优化规则,可在每一轮增量计算中缩减计算域,基于此设计多次Hash的属性增量划分方法;最后给出新的渐增式快速求核与约简算法,其中求核基于纵向优化规则,可在一次计算中求得多个非核属性,无需遍历全部属性.基于UCI、海量和超高维3类数据集进行多个实验,实验结果证明本文求核与约简算法是高效完备的,在海量数据与超高维数据集下有较大优势.     

An Early Cretaceous anomopod (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) preserved in amber that reveals an unexpected venture during the evolution of the order

An anomopod branchiopod crustacean that displays many structural similarities to the extant genera Scapholeberis and Megafenestra (family Daphniidae), fortuitously preserved in amber of Early Cretaceous age, is described. Although most of its appendages have been lost, preservation of several structures is vastly better than in most ‘orthodox’ fossils of these delicate animals. The well-preserved carapace suggests that, like extant representatives of these genera, but in no other daphniid, the animal exploited the surface film, beneath which it suspended itself by means of the straight ventral margins of its functionally bivalved carapace, each of which was armed with a row of close-set setae. Unlike the postabdomen of all the many extant anomopods, which is unsegmented, that of the fossil species, which was well preserved, was segmented; its distal half, or rather more, being clearly divided into four segments. Its topographically ventral margin was armed with pairs of very long spines (relatively longer than in any extant species), and the paired, hook-like terminal spines, clearly homologous with the claws of living species, were modified in a way that has no exact parallel in extant forms. The distal segment shows signs of annulations and may have had slight independent mobility. It is suggested that the long ventral spines of the postabdomen facilitated levering the animal forward over soft substrata. Its minute size reflects the fact that it is a first instar. Moreover, it was possibly squeezed out of the brood pouch prematurely when its parent became trapped in resin. The difficulty of assigning a place to the fossil in the phylogeny of the anomopods, all of which, including fossil forms of greater antiquity, have an unsegmented postabdomen, is briefly noted. The possibility that this attribute represents a very ancient atavism is tentatively suggested.